색계(色界)의 한 연구 -박상륭의 『죽음의 한 연구』론

정도상 ( Do Sang Jeong ) 현대문학이론학회 2013 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.54

박상륭의 『죽음의 한 연구』는 한국문학이 개척하지 못한 색계(色界)를 탐구하고 형상화한 관념소설의 정수라고 해도 과언이 아니다. 색계가 공계의 비대립적 상대성의 세계가 되기 위해서는 색즉시공의 동시성과 전환, 그리고 그것을 추동하는 용(用)이 필요했다. 달마는 용의 핵심을 마음으로 봤지만 박상륭은 남근으로 보았다. 이것은 선어(禪語)와 소설의 차이일 뿐이었다. 이어 ‘나’는 확정된 존재(Being)가 아니고 ‘되어가는 존재(becoming)``라는 관점에서 볼 때 색신(色身)임이 분명했다. 하지만 공신(空身) 달마로부터 원효에 이르기까지의 인물들이 색신에 투영되어 있다는 것도 확인할 수 있었다. 유리와 읍내, 그리고 큰 형장으로 이어지는 색신의 삶과 색계의 주유는 결국 공계(空界)로의 이동이란 궁극적 목표 때문이 아니었다. 공계로의 이동이 모든 색신의 궁극적 목표가 아닌 이유는 공이란 깨달음으로 가는 불성(佛性 혹은 自性)의 도구에 불과하니 집착하지 말라는 붓다의 가르침이 때문이기도 했다. 박상륭의 『죽음의 한 연구』에는 이와같은 내용들이 ‘나’라는 인물을 통해 색계가 잘 형상화되어 있는 소설이었다. It is no exaggeration to say that Park Sang-ryung`s 『A Study on Death』 is the quintessence of an ideological novel which embodies the world of r?pa(=form) that Korean literature has never discovered before. In order for the world of r?pa to exist with the world of s?nya(=emptiness) in a non-oppositive way, the simultaneity and conversion of the both as well as the medium that drives them are required. Dharma saw "heart" as the key of the medium, but Park Sang-ryung saw men`s penis as the key. It is just the difference between words of zen and a novel. In the sense that myself(in the novel) is not defined as "being", but more of a "becoming", it is clear that "I" am the body of r?pa. However, I could see that a variety of individuals in the body of s?nya from Dharma to Won-hyo were also reflected in the body of r?pa. Eventually, the ultimate goal of the journey of the body of r?pa from Yury to the downtown and the place of execution was not to travel to the world of s?nya. The reason why the ultimate goal of all bodies of r?pa is not moving to the world of s?nya is partially because of Buddha`s teachings that we should not be obsessed with s?nya since it is just one of the methods that lead us to the realization. The void is not Nothing. Park Sang-ryung`s 『A Study on Death』 is a novel that well-describes these contents through the character "myself".

『죽음의 한 연구』에 나타난 마음에 관한 연구

정도상 ( Do Sang Jeong ) 현대문학이론학회 2014 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.57

박상륭의 『죽음의 한 연구』는 마음의 변화를 형상화한 관념소설이다. 모든 소설이 사람의 마음을 다루고 있기는 하다. 하지만 이처럼 본격적으로 마음을 다룬 소설은 일찍이 없었다. 마음에도 체(體)와 용(用)이 있다. 체는 마음의 형태이고 용은 마음의 작용이다. 몸이 마음의 집이고, 마음은 몸의 길인 것과 비슷한 논리이다. 마음의 체와 용은 색즉시공 공즉시색의 관계에 놓여 있다. 『죽음의 한 연구』에서 주인공 ‘나’의 마음은 네 단계로 전환을 일으켰다. 욕심에서 색심으로, 색심에서 무심으로, 무심에서 공심으로의 전환이 그것이다. 이는 주인공 ‘나’의 공간 이동과 일치한다. 유리와 읍내, 다시 유리에서 큰 형장으로 공간의 이동과 마음의 변화는 결국 공계로의 이동을 궁극으로 삼았기 때문으로 보여진다. 주인공 ‘나’는 공계에서 죽음이라는 공심을 선택한다. 박상륭의 『죽음의 한 연구』는 ‘나’라는 인물을 통해 마음의 변화와 그 이동이 아주 잘 형상화되어 있는 소설이었다. Park Sang-ryung``s 『A Study on Death』 is an ideological novel that embodies the change of human Minds. All novels contain stories of human Minds. However, there has not been such a novel which genuinely talks about the Mind on this deep level. Mind consists of substance and the medium. Substance is a form of the Mind, and the medium is a behaviour of Mind. This is the same logic as how human body works as a house of Mind, and Mind is a path that human bodies live through. Substance and the medium of Mind are in a relationship that align with the one of the world of rupa and the world of sunya. In 『A Study on Death』, the Mind of the main character "I" changes through four different parts. It changes from the Mind of kamaloka to the Mind of rupa, from the Mind of rupa to the Mind of immaterial world, and from the Mind of immaterial world to finally the Mind of sunya. This journey also aligns with the change of places that the main character "I" travel through. All the changes of places and Mind travel through Yury, the downtown and the place of execution seem to eventually head to the world of sunya. In the world of sunya, the character "I" choose its death as the Mind of sunya. Park Sang-ryung``s 『A Study on Death』 is a novel that well-embodies the change of Mind that the character "I" travel through.

여고생의 건강체력 평가기준 설정

정도상(Jeong Do-Sang),김남종(Kim Nam-Jong) 한국체육과학회 2003 한국체육과학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical fitness and to construct a test battery for evaluating health-related physical fitness in high school girls. The subjects were 369 high school girls aged 15 to 17. Ten test items were used in assessing health-related physical fitness. Principal factor analysis was applied to the correlation matrix consisting of 10 variables. Then, the first principal component was investigated. This factor correlated with most of variables at significant level and this factor had the amount of contribution to the total variance of 2.313, the degree of contribution of 23.13%. The first factor was interpreted as a fundamental physical fitness factor(FPFF). Multiple regression analysis was used in developing prediction equations for health-related physical fitness(HRPF). The multiple correlation between FPFF and 5 HRPF variables was significant(R=0.838, p<.05). The following equation for estimating health-related physical fitness score(HRPFS) was developed; HRPFS = 75.228+1.624X₁+0.337X₂-0.253X₃+0.397X₄-0.656X?, where in X₁= grip strength, X₂=sit and reach, X₃=800m run, X₄=sit ups, X?=%fat. The assessment criterion ranking by a 5-point scale in each was constructed using a regression equation to ages.

여성 고령자 체격 및 활동체력의 1996년, 2006년, 2016년 횡단적 변화 추이

정도상(Do Sang Jeong) 한국발육발달학회 2017 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine chronological changes in physique and functional capacity-related physical fitness of elderly women. Chronologic changes for 20 years were analyzed for physique and functional capacity-related physical fitness targeting 562 elderly women (279 people in 1966, 162 people in 2006, 121 people in 2016) aged from 65 to 79 living in Jinju city. The results are as follows: First, in physique, there is a tendency to increase in height and weight but there is no significant difference in BMI. Second, in functional capacity-related physical fitness, it shows to increase significantly in grip strength, arm curl, sit and reach, one leg balancing with eyes open in all age groups from 1996 to 2016. Also, it tends to increase in 10m fast walking speed, walking around two chairs in a figure 8, manipulating pegs in a pegboard. Third it shows to improve remarkably in muscular strength, upper limb muscular endurance, flexibility, and balance. Fourth, from 2006 to 2016, it shows to increase significantly in arm curl. However, it tends to decrease in grip strength, 10m fast walking speed, walking around two chairs in a figure 8, one leg balancing with eyes open.

노년 전기 여성 고령자 체격 및 활동체력의 10년간 시대차

정도상(Do Sang Jeong) 한국사회체육학회 2007 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.30

The purpose of this study was to examine chronological trends in functional capacity-related physical fitness over a decade. A group of 207 women and another group of 137 one, who were healthy with ages from 65 to 74 years and residents of the city of Jinju, were recruited from local wellness centers at the years of 1996 and 2006, respectively. Basic physique measures (i.e., weight and height) and functional capacity-related physical fitness (i.e., muscular strength and endurance, walking ability, agility, dynamic balance, hands coordination, balance, flexibility) were measured by using the standardized protocols. For comparison purposes, we classified the participants as either group 1 or group 2; group 1 was defined as those who aged from 65 to 69 years, and group 2 as those who aged from 70 to 74 years. From this study, we found the following results; 1. Regardless of age-based groups, physique including mean height and weight increased significantly from 1996 to 2006; the group 1 (aged from 65 to 69 years) had average increases of 1.77㎝ and 2.16㎏ of height and weight, respectively, and the group 2 (aged from 70 to 74 years) had average increases of 1.3㎝ and 2.86㎏ of height and weight, respectively. 2. Similarly, functional capacity-related physical fitness including muscular strength, arm endurance, walking ability, agility/dynamic balance, hands coordination, balance also increased significantly from 1996 to 2006. But there were declining tendencies in lower body endurance and flexibility at the same time period. In conclusion, the current findings of the study suggest that 1) a modification of the standard activity fitness evaluation would be necessary in order to more appropriately reflect the chronological trends in the functional capacity-related physical fitness of old women, and 2) specialized exercise programs targeting at leg endurance and flexibility improvements are urgently needed to developed for those populations.

Acanthosis Nigricans, Tripe Palms, Florid Cutaneous Papillomatosis 소견을 보인 피부 부종양 증후군 3예

정도상 ( Jeong Do Sang ),오창근 ( O Chang Geun ),이재봉 ( Lee Jae Bong ),김문범 ( Kim Mun Beom ),장호선 ( Jang Ho Seon ),권경술 ( Kwon Gyeong Sul ) 대한피부과학회 2003 대한피부과학회지 Vol.41 No.10

Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes are the non-contiguous skin and mucous membrane changes that are caused by internal malignancy. since they may be the first sign of a new or recurrent malignancy, recognizing their features and clinical implication is very important, We describe three patients with internal malignancy such as stomach adenocarcinoma or biliary tract adenocarcinoma who showed coexistence of acanthosis nigricans, tripe palms, and cutaneous florid papillomatosis. We reviewed the literatures about these cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes and discussed their relationship between this striking cutaneous manifestations and internal malignancy.(Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(10) : 1364~1369)

피부 조직생검에서 예방적 항생제 요법의 의의

정도상 ( Jeong Do Sang ),조주현 ( Jo Ju Hyeon ),이재봉 ( Lee Jae Bong ),김문범 ( Kim Mun Beom ),오창근 ( O Chang Geun ),장호선 ( Jang Ho Seon ),권경술 ( Kwon Gyeong Sul ) 대한피부과학회 2004 대한피부과학회지 Vol.42 No.1

N/A Background: Many dermatologists usually prescribe antibiotics postoperatively to prevent the wound infection, but there are no definite guidelines for the use of prophylactic antibiotics in skin biopsy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotice after skin biopsy. Methods: We performed the prospective study of 200 patients in skin biopsy. We excluded patients who have a risk failure, chronic hepatic failure, anemia, internal malignancy, untreated diabetes, immune suppression, taken antibiotic within 1 week, hypersensitivity to antibiotics and infected wound. They were classified randomly into two troups, each 100 patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis. All patient received the wound dressing. All biopsy wounds were evaluated in a blinded fashion at the time of suture removal and scored according to a standardized assessment based on erythema, edema and discharge. Results: Of the 100 patients who received the wound dressing and the prophylactic antibiotics postoperatively, no one had surgical wound infection. Of the 100 patients who received only the wound dressing, one patient had surgical wound infection. Conclusion: The infection rates were not significantly differnet between two groups. Therefore prophylactic antibiotics after skin biopsy may not be necessary to prevent wound infection in healthy patients. (Korean J Dermatol 2004;42(1):16~22)

초등학교 저학년 아동의 형태 및 건강체력의 특성

정도상(Do Sang Jeong) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.32

진주지역 초등학교 고학년 아동의 체격 및 건강체력의 시대적 변화

정도상(Do Sang Jeong) 한국사회체육학회 2011 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.43

This study attempts to explore the chronological changes in upper grade children`s physique and healthrelated fitness in Jinju. This study conducted chronological t test to examine changes in physique or healthrelated fitness between 1999 and 2010, aimed at 571 elementary 5th and 6th graders(285 boys and 286 girls) in Jinju. After examining the relationship between physique and health-related fitness with Pearson correlation coefficient, we came to three conclusions. First, there is a slight growth in height but overall stagnant in chronological changes. There is a growth in weight and BMI among boys and girls, especially significantly among 6th graders. While boys` height and weight are below the national average, similar-average in BMI, girls` height and weight are slightly above the national average. Second, while there is a slight decrease in health-related fitness among boys, there is a slight growth among girls. Both boys and girls tend to show decline in cardiovascular endurance. There seems to be a significant decline in muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility among boys. On the other hand, it seems that girls have the upward tendency in muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility. While both boys and girls` muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance are slightly above the national average, flexibility is below the national average. Third, in a correlation between physique and health-related fitness, boys` height is significantly related with muscular strength and flexibility and boys` weight and BMI with muscular strength, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance. For female students, height and weight have much to do with muscular strength, BMI related with muscular strength, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance. As mentioned above, there is a chronological difference between physique and health-related fitness in different ways among male and female students. For male students, there is a marked decline in every healthrelated fitness element. In contrast, there is a marked improvement in every health-related fitness element except cardiovascular endurance among female students. It is obvious that one of the most influential factors that affect health-related fitness is BMI. Accordingly, we need to recognize the importance of health-related fitness, aimed at developing a program for improving cardiovascular

골프운동이 고교생의 심박수 및 혈중지질에 미치는 영향

정도상(Do Sang Jeong) 한국발육발달학회 2001 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 골프운동이 고교생의 심박수와 혈중지질에 미치는 영향을 검토하는데 있다. 진주시 남자 고등학교 골프학과 골프 선수 7명을 대상으로 골프 운동(18Hole)전·후에 심박수와 혈액검사를 실시하였다. 골프운동 전후 평균치의 차이를 검정하기 위하여 paired t-test를 실시하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 골프운동 전 안정시의 심박수는 61.57±6.80beats/min이었고, 운동 후 전체 심박수의 평균은 106.14±10.42beats/min이었다. 2. 총콜레스테롤은 운동 전 164.86±19.68㎎/㎗, 운동 후 153.14±22.24㎎/㎗로 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 3. 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤은 운동 전 53.71±12.98㎎/㎗, 운동 후 53.00±12.40㎎/㎗로 운동 전·후에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 4. 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤은 운동 전 97.71±18.21㎎/㎗, 운동 후 85.57±24.45㎎/㎗로 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 5. 중성지방은 운동 전 86.43±15.63㎎/㎗, 운동 후 74.14±15.15㎎/㎗로 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 6. TCH/HDL-C비는 운동 전 3.21±0.7㎎/㎗, 운동 후 3.03±0.88㎎/㎗로 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 이상의 결과에서 골프운동은 운동 강도가 낮으나 고교생의 심박수 및 혈중지질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 골프운동은 고교생의 건강증진과 신체기능의 발육발달에 필요한 운동종목인 것으로 사료되며, 앞으로 많은 인원을 대상으로 연령대별 변화에 대한 지속적인 검토가 이루어져야 할 것으로 여겨진다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of golf exercise on the heart rate and the blood lipid profiles. Seven golfers in high school participated in the test of heart rate and blood before and after golf exercise. To verify the discrepancy of average before and after golf exercise, paired t-test was performed. We have observed the following results. 1. Before the golf exercise, the number of heart beat was 61.57±6.80beats/min and after the number of that was 106.14±10.42beats/min. 2. The total cholesterol(TCH) was at pre-exercise 164.86±19.68㎎/㎗ and post-exercise 153.14±22.24㎎/㎗. Therefore, it was significantly decreased at post-exercise than that of total cholesterol at pre-exercise. 3. There were insignificantly different in the HDL-cholesterol between before in 53.00± 12.40㎎/㎗ and after exercise in 53.14±12.38㎎/㎗. 4. The LDL-cholesterol was at pre-exercise 97.71±18.21㎎/㎗ and post-exercise in 85.57±24.45㎎/㎗. Therefore there were significantly decreased in the concentration LDL-cholesterol at post-exercise than that at pre-exercise. 5. Triglyceride(TG) was at pre-exercise 86.43±15.63㎎/㎗ and post-exercise 74.14±15.15㎎/㎗. Therefore there were significantly decreased in the Triglyceride at post-exercise than that at pre-exercise. 6. The TCH/HDL-C ratio was at pre-exercise 3.21±0.86 and post-exercise in 3.03±0.88. Therefore there were significantly decreased in the TCH/HDL-C ratio at post-exercise than that at pre-exercise.