성인교육 분야 국제개발협력에서 임파워먼트 논의의 변화: UNESCO 발간자료에 대한 담론분석

정다정 국제개발협력학회 2023 국제개발협력연구 Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: This study aims to explore how the concept of empowerment has been discussed over time by exploring the development process of empowerment discourse, focusing on the field of adult education in international education development cooperation. In addition, it studies the characteristics of change in terms of the content of the discourse and examines the context that influenced the change. Originality: Despite the social movement origin of empowerment, the instrumentalist meaning prevails and the discussions have shifted to emphasizing capacity building of individuals in international development cooperation. It is necessary to explore whether these changes have also occurred in the field of adult education, which has traditionally been interested in the issue of power and the liberation of minorities. This process is important because changes in meaning can affect the participants' lifeworld through policy and project implementation. Methodology: Discourse analysis was applied as a research method, and the conceptual discussions of Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory were used throughout the research process. Discourse analysis was conducted on UNESCO's official published materials related to empowerment and adult education published from 1984 to 2022. Result: From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, when the radical meaning of empowerment diffused in the field of international development cooperation, the social transformation meaning of empowerment was also emphasized in UNESCO adult education discourse. From the late 1990s to the early 2010s, when the international community's focus on poverty eradication and human development expanded, discussions on empowerment related to expanding individual capacities, choices, and opportunities increased. After the mid-2010s, the era of sustainable development, the empowerment discourse that ordered learners to be competent in global challenges has spread. Conclusion and Implication: Empowerment has been a floating signifier that flowed without a fixed meaning in UNESCO adult education discourse, and the equivalent relationship of identities constituting the discourse has also changed from time to time. However, since the concept of empowerment with social transformation meaning is still important in the practice of international development cooperation, this study proposed responses in two directions. First, efforts are made to reconstruct the equivalent relationship of identities that creates the discourse of empowerment. Second, the discovery of alternative terms reveals the critical problem consciousness raised by empowerment, which paid attention to the crisis of inequality and the problem of power distribution.

The Influence of Education Level on Tinnitus and Quality of Life in Korean Adults

정다정,유명훈,정유진,이현주,이규엽 대한이비인후과학회 2019 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.62 No.9

Background and Objectives We aimed to evaluate the effect of the level of education onthe prevalence of tinnitus and quality of life (QoL) in the Korean population. Subjects and Method Our study included 3155 participants from a representative sample. Tinnitus was measured using questionnaires that evaluated perception of ringing, buzzing,roaring, or hissing sounds. Participants were asked to indicate “Yes” or “No” to these questions. Participants who felt that the sensation was “A little annoying” or “Very annoying”were considered to have moderate or severe tinnitus, respectively. Hearing thresholds weremeasured using an automatic audiometer. QoL was evaluated using the EuroQoL (EQ) scale. Results The number of participants in the low, middle, and high education groups were1521, 967, and 667, respectively. Participants with any degree of tinnitus or moderate to severetinnitus increased as the level of education decreased. Multivariate logistic regression analysisshowed that the low education group had significantly higher odds ratios compared to themiddle or high education groups for moderate to severe tinnitus. Abnormal EQ 5-dimensions(EQ-5D) were higher in participants with tinnitus and a low level of education. For participants,univariate and multivariate analyses showed EQ-5D index and EQ-visual analog scalein the low education group were lower than that in the other groups. Conclusion Our study showed that low education level was associated with moderate to severetinnitus in the Korean adult population. Participants with tinnitus and a low level of educationhad poorer QoL than those with tinnitus and a high level of education.

맞춤형 HSQ(위생․안전 지수) 관리를 통한 어린이 급식소 위생․안전관리의 효과평가

정다정,강현주 한국식품영양학회 2018 한국식품영양학회 학술대회논문집(학술심포지움) Vol.2018 No.06

Association between cadmium exposure and hearing impairment: a population-based study in Korean adults

정다정 영남대학교 의과대학 2019 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.36 No.2

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical association between cadmium exposure and hearing impairment among the Korean population. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used the data obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for our study. Finally, 3,228 participants were included in our study, which were then divided into quartiles based on their blood cadmium levels: first quartile (1Q), second quartile (2Q), third quartile (3Q), and fourth quartile (4Q) groups. The hearing thresholds were measured using an automatic audiometer at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 kHz. Hearing loss (HL) was defined as >25 dB average hearing threshold (AHT). Results: All the groups had 807 participants each. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of cadmium level for HL were 0.634 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.621–0.646). The participants in the 4Q group had higher Low/Mid-Freq, High-Freq, and AHT values than those in the other groups in the multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. The logistic regression showed that the OR for HL per 1 µg/L increase in cadmium was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09–1.44; p=0.002) on the multivariate analysis. Moreover, the multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the participants in the 4Q group exhibited a 1.59-, 1.38-, and 1.41-fold higher odds for HL than those in the 1Q, 2Q, and 3Q groups, respectively. Conclusion: High cadmium level quartile was associated with increased hearing thresholds and HL among the Korean adult population.

Is Body Mass Index Associated With the Development of Age-Related Hearing Impairment in Koreans? The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2012

정다정,장정훈,이규엽 대한이비인후과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.9 No.2

Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in the Asian elderly population. Methods. Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2012 were used for the analyses. The pure tones at 0.5 and 1 kHz of both ears of each subject were averaged to obtain the low-frequency, those at 2 and 3 kHz were averaged to obtain the mid-frequency, and those at 4 and 6 kHz were averaged to obtain the high-frequency. The average hearing threshold (AHT) was calculated as pure tone average at 4 frequencies in the better ear. ARHL was defined as the AHT >25 dB. Results. Univariate analyses revealed an increase in the BMI tertile in men was associated with a decreased low-frequency threshold, while an increase in the BMI tertile in women was associated with decreased mid- and high-frequency thresholds. Multivariate analyses adjusted for confounders show no significant differences in low-, mid-, or high-frequency. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of ARHL by BMI tertiles. Linear regression analyses show no association between BMI and low-, mid-, and high-frequency or AHTs. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for AHT was 0.515 in men and 0.522 in women. The logistic regression analyses showed no association between BMI and ARHL in either sex. Conclusion. BMI is not advantageous for the prediction of ARHL. In future epidemiological studies, BMI as a covariate of obesity may be replaced by other active metabolic parameters that have better predictive ability of ARHL than BMI.

Statistical Seasonal Forecasting of Winter and Spring PM2.5 Concentrations Over the Korean Peninsula

정다정,유창현,예상욱,윤진호,이대근,이재범,최진영 한국기상학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.58 No.4

Concentrations of fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) over the Korean Peninsula experienceyear-to-year variations due to interannual variation in climate conditions. This study develops a multiple linear regressionmodel based on slowly varying boundary conditions to predict winter and spring PM2.5 concentrations at 1–3-month leadtimes. Nation-wide observations of Korea, which began in 2015, is extended back to 2005 using the local Seoul government’sobservations, constructing a long-term dataset covering the 2005–2019 period. Using the forward selection stepwise regressionapproach, we identify sea surface temperature (SST), soil moisture, and 2-m air temperature as predictors for the model,while rejecting sea ice concentration and snow depth due to weak correlations with seasonal PM2.5 concentrations. For thewintertime (December–January–February, DJF), the model based on SSTs over the equatorial Atlantic and soil moistureover the eastern Europe along with the linear PM2.5 concentration trend generates a 3-month forecasts that shows a 0.69correlation with observations. For the springtime (March–April–May, MAM), the accuracy of the model using SSTs overNorth Pacific and 2-m air temperature over East Asia increases to 0.75. Additionally, we find a linear relationship betweenthe seasonal mean PM2.5 concentration and an extreme metric, i.e., seasonal number of high PM2.5 concentration days.

한반도 겨울철 및 봄철 PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> 농도의 통계적 예측

정다정,유창현 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

본 연구에서는 다중선형회귀 모형을 개발하여 한반도의 겨울철과 봄철의 PM2.5의 농도에 대한 계절예측을 진행하였다. PM2.5 농도 자료는 서울특별시 보건환경연구원의 25개 관측소와 에어코리아에서 전국 권역별로 선정한 9개의 관측소의 데이터를 연결하여 2005.7 -2019.6 기간에 대해 사용하였다. 계절내 예측의 예측 인자를 추출하기 위하여 대기 순환의 경계조건이 되는 해수면 온도 및 토양 수분이 분석되었으며, 추가적으로 지면 대기 온도가 사용되었다. 한반도의 PM2.5 농도와 1-3개월의 지연상관 관계를 확인하였으며, 지속적으로 강한 상관관계가 나타나는 지역들을 잠재적인 예측 인자로 검증하는 stepwise regression 방법을 적용하였다. 결과적으로 예측 인자 간의 독립성을 검토하여 겨울철 및 봄철에 대하여 각각 2개의 예측 인자를 선정하였고 PM2.5 농도의 추세가 고려되었다. 겨울철 PM2.5 농도의 예측인자로는 적도 대서양의 해수면 온도와 동유럽의 토양 수분을 채택하였고, 봄철 PM2.5 농도의 예측인자로는 북태평양의 해수면 온도와 동아시아의 2미터 상공의 온도를 채택하였다. 해당 예측 인자들은 한반도 지역 남서풍을 유도하고 한반도 풍하측 지역 고기압 형태 순환장을 형성하였다. 개발된 다중선형회귀 모형은 1-3개월 선행시간에 대해서까지 겨울철은 0.93, 0.89, 0.73, 봄철은 0.92, 0.89, 0.76의 높은 예측 성능을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 한반도의 겨울철 및 봄철 평균 PM2.5 농도에 대하여 높은 성능의 통계적 계절 예측이 가능함을 제시하였다. 또한 기후 변동 및 변화가 한반도 미래 대기질의 변화에 중요한 요소임을 시사한다.

이명의 발생기전

정다정,이규엽 대한이비인후과학회 2014 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.57 No.6

Subjective tinnitus can be defined as sound sensations (ringing or roaring) occurring in the absence of external auditory stimulus. It is one of the most widespread disorders of auditory system that might be caused by the peripheral auditory injury and insults to somatosensory levels. There were some theories in pathophysiology of tinnitus, such as change in biochemical systems, discordant dysfunction, and spontaneous hyperactivity of auditory tract or imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory transmitter actions of central auditory tracts. Theories related to neural plasticity and cortical reorganization have been recently introduced. Current understanding of pathophysiology in tinnitus is essential to therapeutic approaches. Although there were many studies addressing pathophysiology of tinnitus, controversies exist regarding the pathophysiology of tinnitus. The aim of this review was to review and summarize the recent studies related to pathophysiology of tinnitus. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2014;57(6):357-63

폐쇄형(Closed Fit) 보청기를 착용하는 난청환자들의 RIC 보청기의 비교체험에 관한 예비 연구

정다정,이규엽,이상흔,장정훈 대한이비인후과학회 2015 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.58 No.4

Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the degree of satisfaction of the patients, hearing loss type and severity, and satisfactory and unsatisfactory factors between closed fit hearing aid (HA) and receiver in the canal (RIC) HA. Subjects and Method Seventeen patients with hearing loss participated in this study. Allpatients had used closed fit HAs prior to the study, with the ratio of those using in the canal (ITC) types and completely in the canal (CIC) types being 4:13. After a 2-week trial period of using RIC HAs, patients were evaluated for their satisfaction of using RIC HAs by filling out the questionnaire on the Korean version International Outcome Inventory for hearing aids (K-IOI-HA). Results The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of closed fit HA was higher in the RIC-HAdissatisfied group (≤5, n=8) than in the RIC-HA-satisfied group (>5, n=9). The K-IOI-HA score of closed fit HA was higher than that of RIC HA in the RIC-HA-dissatisfied group and similar in the RIC-HA-satisfied group. Audiologically, air conduction and bone conduction thresholds at 500 Hz were lower in the RIC-HA-satisfied group than in the RIC-HA-dissatisfied group. In addition, the VAS score of RIC HA was negatively correlated with air and bone conduction thresholds and the K-IOI-HA score of RIC HA was positively correlated with speech discrimination score, whereas the VAS and K-IOI-HA scores of closed fit HA were not. Conclusion Among the patients with closed fit HA, some patients indicated RIC HA to besuitable and showed intention to change. The HA should be prescribed firstly based on audiologic criteria, which could increase the subjective satisfaction and prevent poor compliance due to incongruity.

Fabrication of Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor Based on Ruthenium (Ru) ion immobilized MWCNT electrode

정다정,최성호 한국공업화학회 2009 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2009 No.-