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건물용 연료전지 발전 건물용 연료전지 시스템 개발 현황
전희권 ( Hee Kwon Jun ),이수재 ( Soo Jae Lee ),이동활 ( Dong Hwal Lee ),최청훈 ( Choeng Hoon Choi ),김민석 ( Min Seok Kim ),배석정 ( Suck Jung Bae ) 한국공업화학회 2011 공업화학전망 Vol.14 No.2
지속적으로 증가하고 있는 에너지 수요에 대처하기 위해 신재생에너지 기술 확보를 위한 노력이 계속되고 있다. 연료전지는 풍력, 태양전지와는 달리 환경적 제약 없이 연속적인 에너지 공급이 가능하여 건물용 분산발전용으로 적합한 요건을 갖추고 있다. 최근 시작된 시범보급 사업으로 건물용 연료전지의 초기 시장 진출이 시작되었고 공공기관 대체에너지의무화와 그린홈 보급사업 시행으로 시장 확대가 기대된다. 본 논문에서는 건물용 연료전지 시스템의 기본원리와 국내외 개발 동향에 대해 살펴보았으며 핵심부품에 대한 기술개발 현황에 대해 기술하였다.
전희권(Jun, Hee-Kwon),황정태(Hwang, Jung-Tae),이갑식(Lee, Kap-Sik),최청훈(Choi, Choeng-Hoon),이동활(Lee, Dong-Hwal),배준강(Bae, Joon-Kang) 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.06
1 kW class Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell(PEFC) co-generation systems have been developed from 2001 and evaluated for improvement of efficiency, durability and reliability of the system. This paper introduce new version system including with excellent reliability, durability and user friendly applications. Its electrical and overall efficiency showed 35 % and 80 %, respectively, and noise level of the system was less than 45 dB. In addition, this system have various functions such as load change, N₂ less purge, low emission and low temperature operation (-15?C) through development of operation logic. This system was designed for convenient installation in indoor and outdoor due to the compactness of size and the separation of electrical and heat recovery units, which means a user can select the size of heat recovery unit.
강석찬,전희권,이태진,류시옥,김재창 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.3
여러가지 지지체(TiO_2, SiO_2, Al_2O_3)를 이용한 아연계 탈황제가 전처리 조건에 따라 제조되었고 고정층 반응기를 이용한 황화 수소 제거 능력 및 반복 실험에 따른 비 활성화가 증온(탈황 온도: 480℃, 재생 온도: 580℃) 및 고온(탈황 온도: 650℃, 재생 온도: 800℃) 실험 조건에서 실시되었다. 탈황제의 제거 능력 및 내구성은 아연 산화물의 상태에 따라 크게 변화하였는데 지지체는 비록 직접적인 황화 수소에 활성은 없었으나 이러한 아연 산화물의 물리, 화학적 상태에 크게 영향을 미치고 있었다. 800℃에서 전처리된 알루미나 지지체를 이용한 아연계 탈황제가 가장 우수한 탈황제로 선정되었는데, 이 탈황제는 고온 및 증온에서의 반복되는 탈황, 재생 반응 전,후에 물리적인 변화가 관찰되지 않았으며 활성점으로 판단되는 아연 산화물은 알루미나와 새로운 복합 산화물을 형성하지 않고 분리되거나 도포된 독립상을 형성하고 있었다. Zinc-based desulfurization sorbents supported on TiO_2, SiO_2 and Al_2O_3 and modified by treatment at various temperatures were prepared. Their sulfur removing capacities in a fixed-bed reactor and characteristics of their physical and chemical properties were tested during multiple cycles of sulfidation/regeneration. The best sorbent with high sulfur removing capacity and resistance to the deactivation at high and middle temperature was the alumina supported sorbent pretreated at 800℃. The active species was the zinc oxide phase coated on the external surface of the alumina support without forming the spinel structure of zinc-aluminate and the change in the physical properties was not found during repeated sulfidation and regeneration.
김재창,전희권 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.35 No.2
귀금속 촉매가 첨가된 주석 산화물계 가스 젠석과 여러 방법으로 제조되어 각 소자의 감자특성과 고온 열처리 효과 및 알루미나, Ca, Pt 등의 첨가물 효과가 검토되었다. 비록 가스의 종류에 귀금속으 종류가 다르기는 하지만 가스의 감지도 향상을 위해 귀금속을 첨가하는 방법으로 귀금속 담지 촉매의 이용이 가장 효과적이었으며, 담체의 넓은 표면적에 고 분산된 귀금속 촉매작용에 기인하여 부탄 가스의 경우 백금이 담지된 촉매가, 메탄 가스의 경우 팔라디움이 5wt% 담지된 촉매를 사용하여 1000ppm의 가스농도에서 각각 90%이상의 감지도를 얻을 수 있었다. 제조된 소자들은 600℃까지의 열처리에서도 매우 안정하였으며, 800℃이상의 고온 열처리시에는 귀금속 첨가 방법에 관계없이 첨가된 귀금속의 분산도가 증가할수록 또한 고온 처리 시간이 길어질수록 소자의 열적 안정성이 떨어져서 감지도의 저하율이 커지고 있었다. 이러한 감지도의 저하 현상을 첨가된 담지 촉매 금속의 분산도 혹은 금속 입자 크기에 따른 열적 불안정성으로 설명할 수 있었으며 첨가물의 영향이나 주석 산화물 또는 알루미나 담지 촉매의 자체 변화는 감지도 저하의 크게 영향을 미치지 못하고 있었다. Tin oxide based hydrocarbon gas sensors were prepared by using various methods and their sensing characteristics and the effects of high temperature treatment and additives on the sensitivities were tested. Although the choice of the effective noble metal depended on the detecting gas, it was found that the supported noble metal catalyst was the most effective additive to increase the sensitivity of the sensor. Especially well dispersed 5 wt% oh Pt and Pd supported alumina catalysts mere the most effective for the butane and methane sensor, respectively. The increase in sensitivity was due to the increase in dispersion of the noble metal used anil the sensors with supported catalyst were found to be very stable up to the temperature of 600℃. When the sensor was calcined at 800℃, the thermal instability of the sensor increased with metal dispersion regardless of preparation methods. resulting in the decrease in sensitivity. The thermal instability at a high temperature could be explained by the dispersion of the Pd metals rather than the sintering of tin oxide or supported metal catalyst itself or additives.
P-212 : SOx removal performance of MgO based sorbent promoted with Cerium and Iron oxide
이수재,정석용,전희권,류청걸,이태진,김재창 한국화학공학회 2007 화학공학의이론과응용 Vol.10 No.2
MgO-based SO2 sorbent promoted with Ce, Co, Fe and Cu were developed for the use in the regeneration unit of RFCC and FCC. Their abilities of SO2 absorption as well as regeneration were investigated in Fixed-bed under RFCC and FCC conditions(sulfation of MgO to MgSO4 in the atmosphere of SO2 : 700℃, regeneration of MgSO4 to MgO and H2S in the presence of H2 : 530℃). The promoters such as Cerium, Cobalt and Iron played an important role in transforming SO2 into SO3 could can easily absorb to the MgO and their abilities of oxidation increased in the following order: Fe<Co<Ce. The regeneration properties of the MgO based sorbent(hydrogenation of metal sulfate to the metal oxide and H2S) depended on these promoters in regeneration condition. In regeneration performance, regeneration rate of Mg-based sorbent promoted with Fe was faster than those promoted with Co and Ce. So far, MgO sorbent promoted simultaneously with Ce and Fe was prepared and it showed SO2 removal and regeneration abilities in RFCC and FCC unit in that this material could satisfy with requirement of SO2 absorption and regeneration performance.
Methanol 가스에 대한 고분자 센서의 온도와 습도 영향 고찰
이경문,허용수,전희권,손성옥,허증수,Lee, K.M.,Hoh, Y.S.,Jun, H.K.,Sohn, S.O.,Huh, J.S. 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.12
The polypyrrole prepared with pyrrole monomer, APS and DBSA was synthesized by chemical Polymerization at $V^{\circ}C$ under atmosphere conditions. After dissolving polypyrrole powder to the chloroform including DBSA, polypyrrole film was prepared on the alumina substrate with an interdigitated electrode by using the dip-coating method. This film was soaked in methanol solvent for 1 h at room temperature and heated to $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 h in $N_2$. Initial resistance was increased with the increasing humidity and decreasing temperature. The sensitivity was increased with lower humidity and decreasing temperature. The best linearity was achieved at $25^{\circ}C$ and low humidity of 0%.
Impedance를 이용한 전도성고분자 센서의 에탄올 가스 감응특성
이경문,유준부,전희권,이병수,이덕동,허증수,Lee, Kyung-Mun,Yu, Joon-Boo,Jun, Hee-Kwon,Lee, Byung-Soo,Lee, Duk-Dong,Huh, Jeung-Soo 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.3
The polypyrrole and polyaniline thin film sensors which were made by chemical polymerization were employed to detect ethanol gas. With a single sensor element we can obtain characteristic patterns of behaviour across a very wide frequency range when measuring either resistance or capacitance. Impedance spectroscopy was employed to study the gas sensing behavior of both capacitance and resistance based sensors with conducting polymer as the active sensing element.
신동원,이상태,전희권,이덕동,임정옥,허증수,Shin, D.W.,Lee, S.T.,Jun, H.K.,Lee, D.D.,Lim, J.O.,Huh, J.S. 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Nano-sized powders of Indium Tin Oxide(ITO) were synthesized by a coprecipitation method. In order to investigate the gas sensing characteristics in the nanocrystalline ITO thick films with various particle sizes, ITO powders with the average particle diameter of 15, 30, and 70 nm respectively were synthesized. And the sensitivity of ITO thick films was measured upon exposure to a target gas($C_2$$H_{5}$ /OH) and some other Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs), such as, toluene, methanol, benzene, chloroform. As a result, ITO thick films had high sensitivity for ethanol and higher sensitivity with smaller particle size.