인쇄 공익광고의 표제와 슬로건에 나타난화행 실현 양상

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 한말연구학회 2014 한말연구 Vol.- No.35

This study aims to examine the formal characteristics of expressions and the trend of the utilization of speech act as shown in 197 public service print advertisements, particularly in its headlines and slogans, from 1983 to 2013 spanning 30 years. According to the study, the endings of headlines were much more likely to be final endings rather than pre-final endings. Headlines with final endings were in the order of descriptive (67.3%) > inquisitive (21.1%) > prescriptive (8.2%) > suggestive (3.4%) forms. Furthermore, the most used speech act in headlines is that of an [argument]. This is a persuasion strategy included in the headline, functioning to ‘weaken the forcefulness’ of a prescriptive order. An [argument] delivers new information from the narrator to the speaker. Moreover, in the process of delivering the information, it guides the listener to solve the problem on their own, thereby weakening the forcefulness compared to a direct [order]. The endings of slogans were also most likely to be descriptive (81.8%). However, compared to the case of headlines, the inquisitive form occurred much rarely. As the purpose of a slogan is to underline the topic and to deliver a clear message to the listener, the inquisitive form is inappropriate. As Lakoff(1973) has suggested on the endings of headlines and slogans as well as on the use of speech acts, it avoids imposing orders but offering options in order to clarify the message and to maintain a civil nature. Though a public service text contains actions that benefits all the constituents of the society, and thereby serve the public interest, it can be seen that a forceful text is not always used to persuade the constituents.

공익광고 텍스트에 나타난 지시화행의 실현 양상 연구

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 한말연구학회 2013 한말연구 Vol.- No.33

The purpose of this study is to examine the implementations of directive speech acts in the statements of public service advertisements. A speech act focuses on directing the viewer to perform a certain act, expressing the desire of the viewer or demonstrating the actions that will be performed by the viewer in the future. It is a powerful form of speech in that the viewer performs the act while the speaker only voices the statement. Controlling the power of the speech act depends on the expressions that are selected for the act. This study examines 372 directive speech act statements from 176 print public service advertisements. Speech acts tend to be implemented in either a direct way through imperative endings or performative verbs, or in indirect ways that are not explicit but nonetheless expressed in a way that the intent of the speaker can still be understood. The results of analyzing the 372 directive speech act statements from 176 print public service advertisements are as follows. The direct method occurred 16.67% of the time while the indirect method was divided into static indirect speech act and non-static indirect speech acts, constituting 27.4% and 72.6% of all the statements respectively. Of the static directive speech acts, proposing was used most frequently. Proposing, rather than unilaterally directing the viewer, implies that the speaker will also participate in the act, somewhat weakening the imperative implications within the directive acts. Non-static indirect directive speech acts contains an act that is different to the one being spoken, adding difficulty to the interpretation of the directive speech act in each context. However, it is the method that is preferred in contemporary public service advertisements. Early public service advertisements viewed the viewer as a constituent of the society that has to be unilaterally taught of the message. However, the perspective has changed and now views the viewer as the counterpart of a two-way communication. In turn, this is reflected in the changes to the implementation of directive speech acts. This study aimed to define realization aspect for conversational strategies of disagreement speech act in spoken language. The disagreement speech act refers to the unacceptable case about testimony act and indication act of preceding speaker, and ‘disagreement’ speech act of escorting speaker is expressed as the way of opposition about representatives and as the way of refusal about directives.

대화 텍스트에 나타난 칭찬 화행의 양상

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 겨레어문학회 2008 겨레어문학 Vol.40 No.-

감사 화행에 나타난 대화 전략 연구

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 한말연구학회 2009 한말연구 Vol.- No.25

부부 대화 실태 조사 연구

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 한말연구학회 2016 한말연구 Vol.- No.39

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing satisfaction in marital conversation and in so doing, to discover preferable forms of conversation. The study has developed survey questions, examined the influences of variables of population sociology and in particular, analyzed the specific factors that are related to satisfaction in conversation. According to the survey, on average married couples in Korea converse face to face for 30 minutes per day. They prefer face to face conversation even for deep topics. Also, it has been shown that they converse during meals, mainly about raising children, and talk about their thoughts and their concerns. However, factors influencing conversation between married couples have multiple aspects. Merely maintaining longer conversation times between couples does not result in an increase in satisfaction. It can be seen that having an appropriate environment for conversation is also necessary. Furthermore, for a better conversation between couples, it is essential to acknowledge that appropriate types of conversation differs according to the type of couples and to make an effort to find a conversation method that is most appropriate to oneself. The result of the study can be used to discover preferable forms of marital conversation. In particular, examining the factors that differently influence couples of varying marriage lengths in newlywed, middle-aged and senior couples can contribute towards finding appropriate forms of marital conversation according to the length of their marriages instead of an identical solution applied generally to all couples.

국어학 : 칭찬에 대한 응답 화행의 실현 양상 연구

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 겨레어문학회 2009 겨레어문학 Vol.42 No.-

칭찬 화행은 청자나 제3자가 가진 것 중에서 화자가 가치 있는 것으로 인정하는 것이 무엇인지 확인시키는 것이며 동시에 칭찬 화행을 통해 청자에 대한 화자의 태도를 보여주어 긍정적인 인간관계를 유지하게 하는 화행이다. 칭찬 화행에 대한 응답 화행은 선행 화자와의 평가에 대한 반응이며 인간관계 유지의 방법이 되기도 한다. 이 연구에서는 TV 드라마 대본을 대상으로 칭찬 화행에 대한 응답으로 나타난 화행의 양상을 살펴보았다. 칭찬 발화에 대한 반응은 언어적, 비언어적 방법으로 모두 이루어지며 수용하기, 거절하기, 보류하기의 세 유형으로 나눌 수 있고 그 중에서 가장 높은 빈도를 보이는 것은 `수용`하는 태도이다. 수용하기의 하위 유형 중에서는 감사하기, 거절하기의 하위 유형 중에서는 사양하기, 보류하기 중에서는 되묻기가 선호되는 유형이다. 이 연구에서는 칭찬에 대한 응답 화행으로 수용하기에서 가장 높은 빈도로 나타났으나 앞선 연구에서는 응답 화행의 유형으로 거절하기가 선호된다고 하였다. 이와 같은 차이는 참여자 사이의 관계에 따라 결정되는 것으로 상대방과 사회적으로 친밀한 관계를 유지하고 있는 경우에는 공손성보다는 친밀성이 화행에 더 큰 영향을 끼치게 되어 거절하기보다는 수용하기가 더 선호되는 것이다. The successful realization in the speech act of compliment means identifying what the speaker accepts as a value among the audience and the third party and at the same time means the speech act which keeps positive human relations as showing speaker`s attitude for audience through it. The responsive speech act for the speech act of compliment means the response for evaluation in the preceding speaker and the agency for the way of keeping human relations. This study examined the aspects of the speech act which was revealed as response about the speech act of the compliment for the script of TV drama. The response for the locutionary of the compliment accomplishes as verbal and nonverbal method, and can devide into three types which are made up of the accommodation, the refusal, and the reservation. The attitude of `accommodation` shows the highest frequency among them. The appreciation in the subordinate type of accommodation is prefered type, the decline is prefered type in the refusal, and asking again is prefered type in the reservation. The accommodation as the responsive speech act for the compliment is the highest frequency in this study, but the refusal is prefered as the type of the responsive speech act. This difference is determined by the relationship between the participant. That is, in the case of keeping intimate relationship with others socially, the intimacy has more great effect than the politeness to the speech act, and accommodation is more prefered than the refusal through it.

남북한 사과 화행 사용 양상 연구

전정미 ( Jeon Jung-mi ) 한말연구학회 2017 한말연구 Vol.- No.43

The study seeks to look into the differences in the use of apology speech act between South and North Korea. In order to do so, 9 sentences on apology speech act were constructed for a survey that was conducted with 74 South Koreans and 73 North Korean defectors. The surveys questions included the perception of apology speech act, the usage frequency, and the most frequently used expressions in apology speech act. The responses were investigated and compared. The results of the survey showed that North Koreans more negatively perceived the act of apology speech act to others compared to South Koreans. Moreover, when a specific situation was given, North Koreans were less likely to understand that an apology speech act was required in that situation. Furthermore, there was a large difference in understanding of one`s fault or pressure between North Korean and South Korean respondents. This was the cause for the differences in the situations where an apology speech act was given. Also, there was a difference in the expressions used by the South and North Koreans in giving and accepting apology speech act. The study demonstrated that there was a large difference on the perception of apology speech act itself between South and North Korean respondents. The differences in perception is the cause for the differences in situations and the expressions where an apology speech act is given. Moreover, this determines the course of action employed in order to maintain social relations when one`s fault harms the reputation of another. Therefore, instead of the linguistic differences, a way to bridge the differences in perception must come first. Though the study is limited in its size of the sample, it is expected that the results of the study will influence the ways of unifying language use between South and North Korea, and aid the adjustment of North Korean defectors in South Korea.

텍스트언어학 : 응용편(국어) ; 한국어 대화의 회고적 기능 연구

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ),구현정 ( Hyun Jung Koo ) 한국텍스트언어학회 2003 텍스트언어학 Vol.15 No.-

사회통합프로그램 한국어 교재의 의사소통 기능 연구

전정미 ( Jeon Jung-mi ) 한말연구학회 2022 한말연구 Vol.63 No.8

The purpose of this study is to analyze the composition of communication functions presented in the Korean textbook for the Korea immigration & Integration program published in 2020, and to identify the implementation of cultural speech acts essential for learners to improve their communication skills. To this end, the characteristics of the functions presented in the speaking activities of each unit of the Korean textbook from levels 1 through 4 have been examined. The number of functions presented in the new textbook is significantly smaller than the types of functions selected in the International Standard Curriculum for Korean language conducted and the category of 'request and delivery of information’ employing 'questioning and answering' skills constitute the most parts. In terms of difficulty, functions of a higher level than those determined as the core level in the international standard Korean language curriculum are presented. Therefore, in actual class activities, it is essential to adjust the difficulty of the corresponding functions. In addition, considering that the target learners are immigrants, various functions should be exposed to them so that they can use different functions effectively in real communication situations. In this study, the special emphasis was on how key speech acts with high cultural sensitivity or cultural speech acts, which is essential to improve communication competence, are presented in the text book. The result indicated that ‘Greetings’ is the only speech act presented as a unit in the new text book. However, cultural speech acts such as 'greeting, thanking, apology, complimenting, rejecting' are the basic speech acts of human relationships, in which they serve as linguistic tools for resolving conflicts when problems arise. Cultural speech acts are essential for immigrants who have different cultural backgrounds to adapt to Korean society and maintain human relationships. Therefore, education to acquire this social as well as cultural and linguistic skills should be provided, not only to improve the communication skills of the immigrants, but also to achieve ultimate goal of ‘social integration’ program.

화법 교육과정의 문제와 개선 방안 : 설득 화법의 원리와 방법

전정미 ( Jung Mi Jeon ) 한국화법학회 2005 화법연구 Vol.8 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 설득을 이루는 구성 요소와 원리를 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 이루어지는 설득의 방법을 제시하는 것이다. 설득은 각각의 구성 요소와의 상호작용 속에서 이루어지며 그 방법은 화자 중심적 방법, 청자 중심적 방법, 메시지 중심적 방법으로 나누어진다. 화자 중심적 방법은 화자가 자신이 가진 힘이나 지위를 이용하여 상대방을 설득하려는 것으로 보상이나 체벌을 제시하는 방법, 과시하는 방법, 화자의 희망이나 바람을 제시하는 방법 등이 있다. 청자 중심적 방법은 화자가 청자에게 대한 친밀감을 나타냄으로써 상대방을 설득의 과정 속에 끌어들이는 것이다. 상대방의 체면이 상하지 않도록 하기 위해서 호의 베풀기, 친밀감 조성하기 등이 청자와 관련된 설득의 구체적인 방법이다. 메시지 중심 방법은 설득하려는 메시지 자체가 타당한 근거를 가지고 있음을 보이면서 설득하는 것으로 인용이나 예 시를 통하여 증거를 제시하는 방법, 해결책이나 대안을 제시하는 방법 등이 있다. 설득은 논리적, 감성적 요소가 모두 작용하여 이루어지는 화법의 유형이다. 그러나 아무리 훌륭한 설득의 방법을 알고 있다고 해도 설득의 기본 바탕에는 상대방을 위하는 진실한 마음이 있어야 좋은 결과로 이어지고, 또한 지속적인 인간관계를 유지할 수 있게 될 것이다. The aim of this paper is to suggest the methods of persuasion, by embossed the principles and constituents of persuasion. Persuasion is done by interacting with each constituents, and the methods of persuasion are classified into three types ; the speaker-oriented method, the listener-oriented method, and the message-oriented method. The speaker-oriented method is to persuade the listener by using power or status. This method is often expressed as a type of reward or punishment, showing off his power, expressing his hope or desire. The listener-oriented method is to involve the listener in the process of persuasion, by expressed the intimate relations between speaker and listener. In order not to lose listener``s face, suggest the speaker does a favor for the listener or makes close relationship. The message-oriented method is to persuade the listener by proving that this message is valid. Quoting or exemplifying for proof and making solutions or alternative plans are more specific. Persuasion is a type of speech communication which consists of logical, emotional, and interactional factors. Even though we get the best method of persuasion, we can not meet with good results in persuasion and continuous human relationship without thoughtful consideration of others feelings.