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Selective Susceptibility of Human Dopaminergic Neural Stem Cells to Dopamine-Induced Apoptosis
전성만,천상명,배혜란,김재우,Seung U Kim 한국뇌신경과학회 2010 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.19 No.3
Dysfunctions of ubiquitin-proteasome system and toxicity of dopamine have been known as the key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and proteasome inhibitors are widely used in experimental models of PD to reproduce cell death of dopaminergic neurons. In the present study, immortalized human neural stem cells (HB1.F3, F3) and those transfected with human aromatic acid decarboxylase gene (F3.AADC), were used to investigate the mechanism of selective dopaminergic neuronal cell death mediated by dopamine or proteasome inhibitors. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that F3.AADC was more susceptible to dopamine than parental F3 cell which does not carry dopaminergic phenotype. The dopamine-induced apoptosis was mediated by activation of caspases 3 and 9 and cleavage of PARP. Proteasome inhibitors also induced apoptosis in dose-dependent manner but there was no difference between cell types. Prolonged exposure to subtoxic dose of proteasome inhibitors further enhanced dopamine-induced apoptosis in the F3.AADC, and increased presence of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin-positive inclusions was noted in the cytoplasm of apoptotic cells by immunocytochemistry. These findings indicate that dopaminergic cells are selectively susceptible to dopamine toxicity and prolonged suppression of proteasome system further enhances selective sensitivity to dopamine toxicity. Chronic subtoxic proteasomal dysfunction of dopaminergic cells might contribute to selective cell death of dopaminergic neurons during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
정책성과인식 결정요인 분석 - 국가균형발전정책에 관한 국민인식 조사를 대상으로 -
전성만,유법민 한국지방행정학회 2020 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.17 No.1
This article examines the effect of policy literacy and the political tendency on the perception of policy performances, based on the public perception survey conducted by the presidential committee for the balanced national development in 2018. We found that the respondents with higher policy literacy are more positive about the balanced national development policies than those who with lower policy literacy. The progressive respondents are more positive about the balanced national development policies than conservative respondents. Specifically, the respondents’ perception on the previous administrations’ policies is affected by whether the respondents support politically the previous administration or not. These findings suggest that the policy literacy have a normative importance and affect the perception of policies, but political tendency also affect the perception of policies. Therefore, governments should increase the level of understanding of policy targets on relevant policies. At the same time, governments should consider importance of influence of political tendency on the perception of policy outcome. In this respect, It is implied that promotion of understanding of policy targets on policies and communications with them are very important in the whole policy process. 본 연구는 일반국민을 대상으로 한 국가균형발전정책에 대한 인식조사 결과를 토대로 정책성과 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 정책 이해도와 정치적 성향의 영향력을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 정책이해도가 높은 응답자일수록 균형발전정책 성과에 긍정적인 인식을 하고 있으며, 정치적 성향이 진보적인 응답자들이 균형발전정책 성과에 긍정적인 인식을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 응답자들의 정책성과 인식은 정부의 정치적 성향에 따라 달라지는 결과를 얻었다. 이를 통해서 정책이해도에 대한 규범적 중요성과 함께 정치적 성향에 따라 정책성과 인식이 달라질 수 있다는 점을 고려한 정책수행 전략이 필요하다는 시사점을 얻을 수 있다. 또한, 정책 수행과정에서 정책대상자들, 즉 국민들에게 정책 이해도 증진 및 정책관련 대 국민소통이 정책환류 과정 전반에서 중요한 것임을 시사한다.