A Longitudinal Investigation of the Moderating Effect of Social Support on Job Strain Developing Non-Specific Neck Pain in Office Workers

전덕훈 대한물리치료학회 2019 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.31 No.4

Purpose: This study examined the interactions between the job strain and social support in the workplace on the development of workrelated neck pain in office workers. Methods: The participants included 62 office workers without neck pain over the last twelve months. A battery of measures evaluating the potential workplace risk factors in office settings were conducted at the baseline, and at the 12 month incidence of work-related neck pain was reported via monthly questionnaires. Survival analysis evaluated the interaction effect between job strain and social support on the development of work-related neck pain. Results: The incidence of work-related neck pain was 1.91 (95% CI: 1.06 – 3.45) per 100 person months. The interaction effect between job strain and social support found that job strain may increase the risk of developing new work-related neck pain when lower social support existed in the workplace. On the other hand, the adverse effects of job strain on the development of neck pain were not significant when workers had higher social support from their colleagues and supervisors. Conclusion: An investigation of the moderating effects of risk factors on neck pain might reveal the unexplained relationship between the risk factors for the development of neck pain in office workers. Therefore, the interest in prevention plans and treatments should involve a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors at workplace.

사무직 근로자들에게 나타나는 직업 관련 목 통증에 관한 직장 내 스트레스와 작업자세의 전향적 조사

전덕훈 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2019 PNF and Movement Vol.17 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the causal relationship between workplace stress and working posture and the development of work-related neck pain in office workers. Methods: The study participants included 62 office workers who had not experienced neck pain in the previous 12 months. A battery of measures to evaluate potential workplace risk factors in an office setting were conducted at baseline, and the 12-month incidence of work-related neck pain was reported via monthly questionnaires. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between the workplace risk factors and the development of work-related neck pain. Results: The incidence of work-related neck pain was 1.91 (95% CI: 1.06–3.45) per 100 person months. The incidence of neck pain was predicted to be less likely to happen when workers had a more upright thorax posture during computer work (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.99). However, stress may deteriorate the preventative effects of other risk factors on neck pain and showed a positive relationship with episodes of neck pain (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% CI: 1.03–1.84). Conclusion: Understanding the psychophysiological effects of neck pain may explain the development of neck pain in office workers. Our interest in prevention plans and treatments should therefore involve a multifactorial pathology of neck pain in the workplace.

사무직 근로자의 컴퓨터 작업 자세의 관찰 연구

전덕훈,구미란,Jun, Deok-Hoon,Goo, Mi-Ran 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2021 PNF and Movement Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe office workers' postural behaviors during computer work to identify the risk factors for head and thorax postural behaviors. Methods: The participants included 57 office workers who worked longer than 20 hours on a computer. Postural behaviors during computer work were measured using 3-D wearable motion sensors on the forehead and sternum. A multivariate linear regression model evaluated the association between various risk factors (neck pain, demographics, and environmental factors) and non-head and thorax postural behaviors. Results: The participants maintained their head and thorax in neutral postures (defined as 10° extension~10° flexion and 5° extension~10° flexion, respectively) for 24.7% and 39.3% of the total recorded time. Those who reported neck pain at the measurement of postural behaviors showed less time spent in thorax postures. Current neck pain, high desk height, and the distance between the keyboard and the edge of the desk (cm) were found to be related to less time spent in a neutral thorax posture. Conclusion: Office environment factors and current neck pain might affect workers' thorax postures, which might also determine the orientation of head postures during computer work.

PNF and Movement 학술지의 연구 동향: 2018년부터 2021년까지

전덕훈,구미란,이상열,이명희 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2022 PNF and Movement Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: This study focused on reviewing articles published in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Movement to identify the current research trends featured in the journal. Methods: First, the most frequently used keywords in the 193 studies published in 2018 volume 16, issue 1, to 2021 volume 19, issue 3, were identified to determine the popularity of different topics. Information on the following parameters was collected for each study: research type, level of the study, research topic, diagnosis, application of PNF, and techniques applied. Results: Over the four-year period reviewed, “stroke” was the most frequently used keyword, followed by “balance” and “PNF.” In terms of research type, observational analytical studies were the most frequently reported (52.85%), and experimental studies were the second-most common (37.82%). Regarding the research level, it was found that level 5 studies were the most frequent, at 49.74%, and level 2 studies accounted for 28.5% of the publications. Most of the studies stated “stroke patient” (26.42%) as the study diagnosis, except for the studies that recruited healthy people (36.79%). The majority of studies did not implement PNF treatments (15.54%), but a combination of isotonic techniques was most commonly used when PNF was applied. Conclusion: A broad range of topics and types of studies have recently been featured in the journal, including neurological impairments and musculoskeletal disorders. The findings of this review provide insight into future research trends and the direction of the journal PNF and Movement.

초음파 영상을 통한 머리-목 굽힘 운동의 적정 수준 제시에 관한 연구

전덕훈 ( Deok Hoon Jun ),데니스펠 ( Dennis W Fell ),김경 ( Kyoung Kim ) 대한물리의학회 2011 대한물리의학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Purpose:Chronic cervical pain is a common source of disability in society. There has been no research regarding the amount of pressure for the deep cervical flexors during cranio-cervical flexion exercise (CCFE). The purpose of this study is to determine optimal pressure levels to facilitate deep cervical muscles (longus colli & longus capitis) during cranio-cervical flexion exercise, using ultrasound measurement of the muscles. Methods:Using a cross-sectional design, the study was performed in an experimental group of 19 subjects (7 men, 12 women) with no cervical pain. Participants were instructed to perform the CCFE, and during the five incremental stages of the test, changes in thickness, as compared to resting baseline values, were measured using ultrasonography for sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and deep cervical muscles (DCF). Results:Both DCF and SCM muscles demonstrated an increase in recruitment with each progressive phase of the test. In comparing the different pressure increments, the most significant changes found in DCF thickness were between phase 2 and phase 3 (p<.05), However no differences were found between pressure increments for SCM thickness (p>.05). Conclusion:The results suggest 26 mm Hg as the optimal pressure level during cranio-cervical flexion exercise for facilitation of deep cervical flexor.

Chlorambucil이 Mouse의 정소에 미치는 영향; 누적투여에 의한 정소의 형태적 변화

全德勳,朴元學 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

The present studies were designed to investigate the effects of chlorambucil on the testis of mouse. Chlorambucil suspended in 0.5N sodium bicarbonate(pH8.0) was administered to mouse at doses of 24mg/Kg/day for 7 to 14 days. The morphological changes in testis of mouse were observed oon 7th day and 14th day of administration by light microscope. After 7 days of chlorambucil administeration, spermatogenesis was partially ceased and interstitial space was moderately reduced. Almost all tubules were slightly damaged and some tubules were severely damaged. The shape of seminiferous tubule was waved circle, but the sertoli and Leydig cell was intact. After 14 days. all spermatogonia cells had disappeared and spermatogenesis was completely ceased. Almost all tubules were severely damaged and the germinal epithelium was markedly decreased. The interstitial space was markedly reduced and the shaped of seminiferous tubule was polygon. But, the sertoli and Leydig cell was no affected.

머리-목굽힘검사 시 통증 유무에 따른 표층 및 심부 목 굽힘근의 두께 비교연구

전덕훈(Deok-Hoon Jun) 한국운동재활복지협회 2022 운동재활·복지 Vol.3 No.1

목통증은 신경근동원의 체계를 변화시켜 정상적인 목 주변 근육의 활성과 근동원 패턴을 어렵게 한다고 보고된다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 목통증을 가진 사람들을 대상으로 머리-목굽힘검사(CCFT, cranio-cervical flextion test)시 머리-목굽힘검사시에 나타나는 통증군과 대조군의 목 굽힘근 두께를 비교하여 목굽힘근(neck flexor)들의 근육 동원 패턴을 이해하는 것이다. 목통증이 없는 17명의 대학생과 목통증을 경험하고 있는 17명의 대학생을 대상자로 선정하였다. 대상자들의 목 굽힘근 동원 패턴을 알아보기 위해서 머리-목굽힘검사 동안 초음파 측정을 통해 목굽힘근 근육의 두께변화를 측정하였다. 두 집단 모두에서 머리-목굽힘검사 시 압력의 증가에 따라 근 두께 변화량의 증가를 보였으며 목빗근(sternoclavicle muscle)의 근두께 변화량은 통증군이 비통증군에 비해 더 큰 증가량을 보였고, 심부 목굽힘근(deep neck flexors)의 근두께 변화량은 비통증군이 통증군에 비해 더 큰 증가량을 보였다. 결과분석을 바탕으로 목통증을 가진 사람들은 그렇지 않은 사람들에 비해 심부목굽힘근의 활성능력이 떨어지고 그 보상으로 인한 표층목굽힘근의 과활성을 확인 할 수 있엇다. 이에 목 통증을 가지는 사람을 위한 운동처방에서 심부목굽힘근의 활성을 유도할 수 있는 운동법이 제시되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to analyse the recruitment pattern of the neck flexor muscle during bothe the CCFT and the arm movement with CCFT. Using a cross-sectional design, the study was performed in an experimental group of 17 subjects (8 male, 12 female) with cervical pain and in an control group of 17 subjects (11 male, 9 female) with no cervical pain. Participants were instructed to perform the CCFE, and during the five incremental stages of the test, changes in thickness, as compared to resting baseline values, were measured using ultrasonography for sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and deep cervical muscles (DCF). In analysis by ultrasonographic measurment, there was an increase in DCF and SCM recruitment with each progressive phase of the CCFT. Statistically significant difference were found between control group and experimental group in both DCF and SCM. In change of muscle thickness, experimental group had higher measures of change of SCM thickness compared to the control group, on the other hand control group had higher measures of change of DCF thickness compared to the experimental group. According to the results of this study, there was a strong trend for greater muscle activity in the SCM as compensation of poor activity of DCF in the neck pain group during the CCFT.

뇌졸중 환자의 상지 재활 치료에 있어서 건측 억제 유도 기법의 적용 가능성

김진섭,김경,이지연,박진현,전덕훈,최윤희 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 再活科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 편마비 환자의 재활을 위하여 강제유도치료(Constraint Induced movement Therapy: CIMT)의 잠재성을 조사하는 것이다. 강제유도치료는 학습된 불용과 피질 재배치 현상을 근거로 개발된 운동 중재로 임상적으로 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자뿐만 아니라 다양한 병인을 가진 환자들의 치료에 이용되고 있다. 최근 회복시기에 집중적인 치료를 받지 못하는 뇌졸중 환자들을 위한 상지 기능의 향상과 학습된 비사용 현상을 감소시키기 위한 치료 방법으로 강제 유도 운동 치료가 추천되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 강제 운동 유도치료의 정의, 적용분야, 이론적 배경, 신경 생리학적 기전 및 장·단점과 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 재활 치료에 있어서 그 적용 가능성에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. The purpose of this review was to research the potential of CIMT(Constraint Induced movement Therapy) on stroke hemiplegic patient rehabilitation. Constraint Induced movement Therapy that is exercise intervention developed on the basis of learned non-use and cortex relocation, is used to treat not only storke hemiplegic patient but also the patients with various other pathogenesis. Constraint Induced movement Therapy is recently recommended as a treatment to improve upper extremity function and reduce learned non-use symptoms in stroke patient who is not received intensive therapy during the recovery time. In this review, definition of constrait induced movement therapy, the applications, the theoretical background, the neurophysiological mechanisms and its feasibility of advantages and disadvantages of the upper extremities rehabilitation were discussed.

젊은 성인 여성의 휴대 가방 위치가 보행 후 정적 균형 변화에 미치는 영향

김진섭 ( Jin Seop Kim ),김경 ( Kyoung Kim ),전덕훈 ( Deok Hoon Jun ) 대한물리의학회 2011 대한물리의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Purpose:This study was designed to identify the effects of carrying bag positions (None, left hand, right hand, left shoulder, right shoulder) on static balance. Methods:Fourteen healthy adult females participated in the this study. The exclusion criteria were orthopedic or neurologic disease, predominant left side. Measurements were performed initial effects. Results were evaluated by OSI, APSI, and MLSI in the biodex stability system. Results:There are among the three assessments (overall stability index(OSI), antero-posterior stability index (APSI), medio-lateral stability index(MLSI) significants difference for the carrying bags positions (None bag, left hand, right hand, left shoulder, right shoulder)(p<05). The post-hoc test revealed a significant difference between none bag and both left hand and left shoulder in the OSI, APSI, MLSI (p<.05). Also, comparing the carrying positions significant difference between right hand and both left hand and left shoulder in the MLSI (p<.05). Conclusion:The results suggest that none dominant side with carrying bag improve more imbalance than none bag and right hand of dominant with carrying bag improve more balance than non dominant side, When comparing the four carrying bag conditions, right hand was more effective than another conditions in static balance.

불안정 지지면을 이용한 운동 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 균형에 미치는 효과

이지연,김용수,김진섭,박진현,최윤희,전덕훈,김경 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 再活科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 재활을 위하여 불안정 지지면을 이용한 운동 프로그램이 균형 능력과 운동 기능 능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 불안정 지지면의 이용한 치료는 임상적으로 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자뿐만 아니라 스포츠 손상 및 노인들의 질환 등 다양한 병인을 가진 환자들의 치료에 이용되고 있다. 대부분의 뇌졸중 환자들은 재활 훈련을 할 수 있는 병원이나 기관에서 치료를 받을 때에 지지면의 차이를 제공함으로써 보다 더 안정한 지지면에서 적응할 수 있는 방법이 요구되고 있다. 하지만, 아직도 불안정 지지면을 이용한 구체화된 치료적 운동 방법과 객관적 평가에 대한 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 최근 뇌졸중 환자의 불안정 지지면과 이론적 근거를 바탕으로 한 운동 프로그램에 대한 연구가 더욱 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 실험군과 대조군이 같은 운동 프로그램을 적용하였을 때, 두 그룹 간에서 나타나는 균형 향상과 운동 기능 향상에 어떠한 효과를 주는지 살펴보고자 하였다. The purpose of this article was to study the effect of the exercise programme that uses the unstable supporting surface to rehabilitate cerebrovascular patients on balance ability and exercise function ability. The therapy is being clinically used for the patients with diverse pathological factors such as hemiplegia caused by CVA, sports injury, and diseases in the elderly. when most patients with CVA are treated in the hospital or institute that can provide rehabilitation training, they need to be given the way to adjust more stable surpporting surface by being provide with various stages of surface. However, the actual therapeutic exercises is still needed and the study for objective assessments wants conducting. To solve these problems, the study of unstable surface exercise programmes based on the evidences recently need to be made for the patients with CVA. in this study, we intend to look into what effects on the balance improvement and the exercise function are different from the experimental group to the control group with the same programme applied to the two groups.