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이장원,장형목,정수빈,주태영,김창수,김충성 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.05
Background : In this study, we have examined antioxidative effects and antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of several plant resources (three varieties of Asimina triloba L., Momordica charantia L., Psidium guajava L. and Alium ampeloprasum L.) Methods and Results : The antioxidant activities were assayed by five methods based on total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, scavenging of DPPH, ABTS and reducing power analysis. Total polyphenol contents was the highest in Psidium guajava and Mango, the varieties of Asimina triloba as the contents of 95.85, 95.81 ㎎/g, respectively. Total flavonoid content was the highest in Psidium guajava (54.3 ㎎/g). DPPH free radical scavening activity of all extracts was ranged from 10.5 - 85.8%, and significantry great activities was found at Psidium guajava leaf. Methanol extracts of Psidium guajava and Asimina triloba showed showed greater ABTS scavening activities compared to others. Reducing power of all extracts was linearly proportional to the concentration. Especially, the extracts of Psidium guajava and three varieties of Asimina triloba showed greater reducing power than that of other resources. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were tested by paper disc assay and minimum inhibitory concentration test. Antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava leaf extract was shown relatively high activity against all investigated strains. Conclusion : The results suggest that Psidium guajava leaf extract be a new functional cosmetic ingredient with antioxidant effect and antimicrobial activity.
조직배양에 의한 Cymbidium "Kenny Wine Color" 식물체 재분화에 미치는 LED 광질 효과
고정애 ( Jeong Ae Ko ),장형목 ( Hyoung Mok Jang ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.45 No.2
심비디움 Cymbidium ‘Kenny Wine Color`` 조직배양에 의한 대량증식을 위해 1-2매의 엽원기가 부착된 정단분열조직을 Hyponex 배지에 배양하여 원괴체 유도 및 증식, 식물체 재분화에 미치는 LED 효과를 조사하였다. 배양 50일 후대조구를 비롯 광원별(적색광, 청색광, 적색광+청색광, 녹색광 및 백색광)로 원괴체 생육 특성을 조사한 결과 백색광이 원괴체 증식, 신초 와 뿌리 분화와 전체적인 외관상 식물체 재분화에 가장 양호하였다. 백색광 하에서 신초와 뿌리가 가장 길었다. 원괴체 생체중은 적색광에서 가장 무거웠으며 적색광이 대조구인 형광등에 비해 효과적이었다. 원괴체와 신초의 엽록소 함량은 형광등에 비해 백색광과 청색광에서 증가하였으며 적색광에서는 원괴체와 신초가 누렇게 되었고 엽록소 함량이 가장 낮았다. 배양 300일 후유식물체는 적색+청색 혼합광에서 가장 효과적인 생장을 보인 반면 배양 500일(순화 200일 후) 후 순화묘의 생육 특성 결과에서는 적색광이 초장이 가장 길었으나(20.6cm) 엽폭(6.6mm)은 좁게 생장하였다. 적색+청색 혼합광이 가장효과적인 생장을 보여 엽수(8.9개)가 가장 많았고, 엽폭(7.3mm), 근수(16.0개), 근장(12.5cm) 및 생체중(9.2g)은 대조구인 형광등보다 높았고 SPAD값은 형광등과 적색 + 청색 혼합광의 처리간에 약간의 통계적 유의차가 인정되었다. 순화묘에서 기공의 크기는 형광등(32.3μm), 청색광(32.3μm), 적색+청색 혼합광(28.6μm)이 백색광(21.0μm)과 적색광(22.8μm)보다 현저하게 컸고, 기공의 수도 백색광 (5,347/cm2), 청색광(5,936/cm2), 형광등(6,539개/cm2)과 적색+청색 혼합광(7,255/cm2) 순으로 증가하였으며 녹색광에서 최대의 기공수(7,552/cm2)가 관찰되었다. In order to investigate the effect of the light emitting diode (LEDs) lightings on the induction and multiplication of PLBs (protocorm like bodies) and plant regeneration for the mass propagation, the meristems with one -two leaf primordia of Cymbidium ``Kenny Wine Color`` were cultured on Hyponex media. Fifty days after incubation under various lighting sources of LEDs (red, blue, red+blue, green, and white) as well as fluorescent light, the external characteristics of induced protocorms were determined. The white light was most effective for shoot and root differentiation as well as plant regeneration. Shoot and root length were also highest under white light condition. The fresh weights of protocorms were higher under red light than under fluorescent light condition. Both white and blue lights increased the chlorophyll concentrations of protocorms and leaves compared to fluorescent light. The red light induced the yellowing symptom in protocorm and shoots, resulting in the lowest concentration of chlorophylls in those tissues. Growth characteristics of plants were determined at 300 days after culture. The balanced plantlets were obtained by treating the red+blue mixed light. The growth characteristics of hardened plants were measured at 500 days after culture (200 days after acclimatization). Most of the growth variables were favorable under the red+blue mixed light condition, including leaf number (8.9), leaf length (20.6 cm) and width (7.3 mm), root number (16.0) and length (12.5 cm) and fresh weight (9.2 g), compared to the fluorescent light. The SPAD values were slightly different between red+blue mixed light and fluorescent light. The length of stomata and guard cell on the leaves of hardened plants were significantly larger in fluorescent light (32.3 μm), blue light (32.3 μm), and red+blue light (28.6 μm) than white (21.0 μm) and red lights (22.8 μm).The number of stomata in these leaves were also significantly increased in fluorescent light (6,539/cm2), blue light (5,936/cm2) and red+blue mixed light (7,255/cm2) than white (5,347/cm2) and red lights (5,167/cm2). The greatest number of stomata was counted as 7,552 /cm2 in green light condition.
이인용,김창석,이정란,서현아,권봉재,장형목 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.2
충남 청양, 전남 진도를 중심으로 구기자밭에 발생하는 문제잡초의 현황을 파악하고 잡초방제의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 2015년 5월과 6월에 본 조사를 실시하였다. 구기자밭에 발생하는 잡초는 30과 91초종으로 국화과 26종, 화본과 13종, 비름과 5종, 현삼과, 십자화과, 마디풀과, 두과는 각각 4종 등의 순이었다. 이들 잡초를 생활형으로 구분하면, 일년생 36종, 월년생 28종, 다년생 27종이었다. 우점잡초로는 쇠비름, 바랭이, 별꽃, 괭이밥, 깨풀, 흰명아주, 참방동사니, 냉이, 망초, 돌피 등이었다. 외래잡초는27종으로 29.7%를 점유하고 있으며, 흰명아주, 망초, 큰망초, 개쑥갓, 개비름, 큰방가지똥, 유럽점나도나물, 소리쟁이, 미국가막사리, 붉은서나물 순으로 우점도가 높았다. Investigation on weed flora in Lycium chinense upland fields was conducted to understand the current status of weed flora and establish the control measures. Investigation was conducted twice, May and June on 2015. From this investigation, 91 species of 30 families including 27 exotics were identified into 36 species of annuals, 28 species of biennials and 27 species of perennials. Dominance was the highest with Portulaca loeracea followed by Digitaria ciliaris, Stellaria media, Oxalis corniculata, Acalypha australis, Chenopodium album, Cyperus iria etc. in order. Chenopodium album was the highest in importance analysis and the followings were in order of Conyza canadensis, Conyza bonariensis, Senecio vulgaris, Amaranthus lividus, Sonchus asper etc.
소면적 재배작물인 당귀밭에 발생하는 잡초현황과 잡초에 의한 피
이인용,김창석,이정란,서영진,김종수,서현아,장형목 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.2
Investigation on weed flora in Angelica gigas upland fields was conducted to understand the current status of the weed flora and establish the control measures. Investigation was conducted twice, July and October in 2015. From this investigation, 105 species of 37 families including 27 exotics were identified and classified into 53 species of annuals, 24 species of biennials and 28 species of perennials. Dominance was the highest with Digitaria ciliaris, followed by Portulaca loeracea, Chenopodium album, Cyperus iria, Conyza canadensis, Galinsoga ciliata etc. in order. Chenopodium album was the highest in importance analysis and the followings were in order of Conyza canadensis, Galinsoga ciliata, Amaranthus lividus, Taraxacum offcinale etc. The yield of A. gigas was reduced 49.6% in no weeding plots comparing in weed managed plots. 충북 제천, 경북 봉화를 중심으로 당귀밭에 발생하는 잡초를 조사하여 당귀밭 문제잡초의 현황을 파악하고 잡초 방제의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 2015년 5월과 6월에 실시하였다. 당귀밭에 발생하는 잡초는 37과 105초종으로 국화과 20종, 화본과 9종, 두과, 마디풀과, 사초과 각각 6종, 꿀풀과, 메꽃과 각각 5종 등의 순이었다. 이들 잡초를 생활형으로 구분하면, 일년생 53종, 월년생 24종, 다년생 28종이었다. 우점잡초로는 바랭이, 쇠비름, 흰명아주, 참방동사니, 망초, 털별꽃아재비 등이었다. 외래잡초는 27종으로 25.7%를 점유하고 있으며, 흰명아주, 망초, 털별꽃아재비, 개비름, 서양민들레, 개망초 순으로 우점도가 높았다. 잡초에 의해 당귀 수량은 49.6% 감소되었다.
우리나라 평창, 서산, 제주지역 목초지에 발생하는 잡초 현황과 군락변화
이인용,김창석,이정란,황경준,김일준,김동민,서현아,장형목 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.3
The surveys of weed species in pastures were conducted in Jeju Island, Pyeongchang Gangwon, and Seosan Chungnam throughout 2013, 2014, and 2015 in order to understand the current status of the weed flora in Korean pastures and to utilize the survey data for basic measure of them. From the surveys, 275 species of 52 families including 83 exotic species were identified and classified into 77 species of annuals, 55 species of biennials and 143 species of perennials. Looking regionally, 207 species of 49 families, 62 species of 14 families, and 136 species of 36 families were occurred in Jeju, Pyeongchang and Seosan, respectively. Based on the importance values, the most dominant species was Rumex obtusifolius followed by Artemisia princeps, Trifolium repens, Digitaria ciliaris, Rumex acetosella etc. in order. The dominance of exotic species was the highest in Rumex obtusifolius followed by Trifolium repens, Rumex acetosella, Erigeron annuus etc. According to the surveys of past and present a pasture weed community has been changed, i.e., Erigeron annuus, Artemisia princeps, and Potentilla fragarioides var. major were dominant in 1990 and Artemisia princeps, Trifolium repens and Rumex acetosella were dominant in 2004. On the other hand, the dominant species at the pastures were changed into Rumex obtusifolius, Artemisia princeps, and Trifolium repens in 2015. 제주, 강원 평창, 충남 서산을 중심으로 목초지에 발생하는 잡초를 조사하여 목초지 문제잡초의 현황을 파악하고잡초방제의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 2013년, 2014년, 2015년 3년에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 목초지에 발생하는 잡초는52과 275종으로 국화과 48종, 화본과 44종, 마디풀과 21종등의 순이었다. 이들 잡초를 생활형으로 구분하면, 일년생75종, 월년생 56종, 다년생 144종이었다. 지역별 발생잡초를 보면, 제주에는 49과 207종, 평창은 14과 62종, 그리고서산은 36과 136종이 발생되었다. 우점 잡초로는 돌소리쟁이, 쑥, 토끼풀, 바랭이, 애기수영 등이었다. 외래잡초는 83 종으로 전체의 29.1%이었고, 돌소리쟁이, 토끼풀, 애기수영, 개망초, 유럽점나도나물, 도깨비가지 순으로 발생이많았다. 목초지잡초 군락변화를 보면, 1990년에는 망초, 쑥, 양지꽃이 우점하였으나, 2004년에는 쑥, 토끼풀, 애기수영등에서 2015년에는 돌소리쟁이, 쑥, 토끼풀로 발생 초종이변하였다. 이와 같이 목초지내에서 잡초군락 변화는 계속진행될 것이고 적절한 약제방제가 수반되어야 한다.