남북한 교육제도의 통합에 관한 연구

장종옥 대진대학교 통일대학원 2009 統一論叢 Vol.7 No.-

뿌리혹 형성능과 질소 고정능이 우수한 헤어리베치 유래 Rhizobium의 분리 및 선발

장종옥,권미경,박동진,성창근,김창진,Jang, Jong-Ok,Kwon, Mi-Kyung,Park, Dong-Jin,Sung, Chang Keun,Kim, Chang-Jin 한국미생물학회 2013 미생물학회지 Vol.49 No.2

본 연구에서는 헤어리베치로부터 뿌리혹 형성능과 질소 고정능이 우수한 Rhizobium 균주를 분리하고자 하였다. 전국의 일곱 군데 헤어리베치 재배 지역에서 수집 후 뿌리혹으로부터 균주를 분리하였고, 헤어리베치에 분리 균주를 재접종하여 뿌리혹 형성능과 질소 고정능을 확인하였다. 그 결과, 52개의 Rhizobium 속 균주를 분리하였고, 이 중 0.5% NaCl 농도 이상에서 자라는 Rhizobium은 16균주이었다. 뿌리혹 형성능은 16개 균주 중 Rhizobium sp. RH1, RH3, RH81, RH82, RH84, RH93의 균주를 접종한 시험구에서 우수하였다. 또한, 질소 고정능을 확인한 결과 Rhizobium sp. RH84가 가장 높은 acetylene reduction activity를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 향후 염의 분포가 불균일한 간척지에 적용 시에도 헤어리베치의 생육을 촉진해 녹비 작물로의 활용 가능성을 높여주는 결과로 판단된다. This study was conducted to select rhizobia from hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) with nodulation and excellent nitrogen-fixing ability. Hairy vetch root was collected from 7 of cultivation region of all over the country, rhizobia were isolated from the root nodules. Isolates were re-inoculated into a hairy vetch separately and studied nodulation and nitrogen-fixing ability. As a result, total of 52 Rhizobium isolates were isolated from the hairy vetch root nodules, among these, 16 isolates were Rhizobium which show good growth at more than 0.5% NaCl concentration. These 16 isolates were re-inoculated separately, 8 weeks after, good root nodule formation was observed from Rhizobium sp. RH1, RH3, RH81, RH82, RH84, and RH93 strain treated samples. Six isolates were positive for nitrogen fixing ability, the highest acetylene reduction activity was shown by Rhizobium sp. RH84. Results suggest that the Rhizobium sp. RH84 could be used as the possibility of its application as a green manure crop of hairy vetches in nonuniform salt distribution reclaimed land.

온도변화에 따른 건조 스트레스 환경에서 고추 세균점무늬병 발생 영향

장종옥,김병혁,이중복,좌재호,고상욱 한국식물병리학회 2019 식물병연구 Vol.25 No.2

The global warming by increased CO2 will effect of plant pathogenic microorganisms and resistance of host plants, and it is expected to affect host-pathogen interactions. This study used Capsicum annuum L. and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, a pathogenic bacteria of pepper, to investigate interactions between hosts and pathogens in a complex environment with increased cultivation temperature and drought stress. As a result, the bacterial spot disease of C. annuum L. caused by X. euvesicatoria was 35oC higher than 25oC. In addition, the effect on water potential on bacterial spot disease was much greater water potential -150 kPa than -30 kPa. The disease progress and severity higher than water potential -30 kPa. This result will useful for understanding interaction with red pepper and X. euvesicatoria under the complex environment with increased cultivation temperature and in water potential -150 kPa drought stress in the future.

CO2 농도 상승 효과에 의한 고추 세균점무늬병 발병 양상 분석

장종옥,김병혁,문두경,고상욱,좌재호 한국미생물·생명공학회 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.1

An increase in CO2 will affect plant pathogenic microorganisms, the resistance of host plants, and hostpathogen interactions. This study used Capsicum annuum and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, a pathogenic bacterium of pepper, to investigate the interactions between hosts and pathogens in conditions of increased CO2 concentrations. Our analysis of disease resistance genes under 800 ppm CO2 using quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of CaLRR1, CaPIK1, and PR10 decreased, but that of negative regulator WRKY1 increased. Additionally, the disease progress and severity was higher at 800 ppm than 400 ppm CO2. These results will aid in understanding the interaction between red pepper and X. euvesicatoria under increased CO2 concentrations in the future. CO2의 상승은 식물 병원성 미생물의 발병력과 기주 식물의 저항성에 영향을 미칠 것이며, 기주와 병원체의 상호 작용에도 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 CO2 상승환경에서 기주와 병원체간의 상호 작용을 연구하기 위하여고추(Capsicum annuum)와 세균점무늬병을 유발하는 X. euvesicatoria를 이용하였다. 고추 식물체의 병저항성 관련유전자인 CaLRR1, CaWRKY1, CaPIK1 그리고 CaPR10 유전자를 quantitative RT-PCR로 분석한 결과 800 ppm에서 CaLRR1, CaPIK1 그리고 PR10 유전자의 발현이 감소하였으며, negative regulator인 CaWRKY1 유전자는 발현이증가하였다. 400 ppm과 800 ppm의 CO2 농도에서 이병엽률과 발병도를 확인 한 결과 800 ppm에서 발병도가 증가된 것을 확인하였다. 이들 결과는 미래의 CO2 농도가 증가 된 환경에서 고추와 고추의 주요 피해 병원균인 X. euvesicatoria 에 의한 고추 세균점무늬병의 발병 양상을 이해하는 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

Characterization and Antifungal Activity from Soilborne Streptomyces sp. AM50 towards Major Plant Pathogens

장종옥,이중복,김범수,강선철,황철원,신기선,권기석 한국환경농학회 2011 한국환경농학회지 Vol.30 No.3

BACKGROUND:Chemical fungicides not only may pollute the ecosystem but also can be environmentally hazardous, as the chemicals accumulate in soil. Biological control is a frequently-used environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in phytopathogen management. However, the use of microbial products as fungicides has limitations. This study isolated and characterized a three-antifungal-enzyme (chitinase,cellulase,andβ-1,3-glucanase)-producing bacterium, and examined the conditions required to optimize the production of the antifungal enzymes. METHOD AND RESULTS: The antifungal enzymes chitinase, cellulase, and β-1,3-glucanase were produced by bacteria isolated from an sawmill in Korea. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain AM50 was identical to Streptomyces sp. And their antifungal activity was optimized when Streptomyces sp. AM50 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.4% chitin, 0.4% starch, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.11% Na2HPO4, 0.07% KH2PO4, 0.0001% MgSO4, and 0.0001% MnSO4 at 30℃. A culture broth of Streptomyces sp. AM50 showed antifungal activity towards the hyphae of plant pathogenic fungi, including hyphae swelling and lysis in P. capsici, factors that may contribute to its suppression of plant pathogenic fungi. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrated the multi- antifungal enzyme production by Streptomyces sp. AM50 for the biological control of major plant pathogens. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect, to the growth regulations by biogenic amines and antifungal enzyme gene promoter. BACKGROUND:Chemical fungicides not only may pollute the ecosystem but also can be environmentally hazardous, as the chemicals accumulate in soil. Biological control is a frequently-used environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in phytopathogen management. However, the use of microbial products as fungicides has limitations. This study isolated and characterized a three-antifungal-enzyme (chitinase,cellulase,andβ-1,3-glucanase)-producing bacterium, and examined the conditions required to optimize the production of the antifungal enzymes. METHOD AND RESULTS: The antifungal enzymes chitinase, cellulase, and β-1,3-glucanase were produced by bacteria isolated from an sawmill in Korea. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain AM50 was identical to Streptomyces sp. And their antifungal activity was optimized when Streptomyces sp. AM50 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.4% chitin, 0.4% starch, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.11% Na2HPO4, 0.07% KH2PO4, 0.0001% MgSO4, and 0.0001% MnSO4 at 30℃. A culture broth of Streptomyces sp. AM50 showed antifungal activity towards the hyphae of plant pathogenic fungi, including hyphae swelling and lysis in P. capsici, factors that may contribute to its suppression of plant pathogenic fungi. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrated the multi- antifungal enzyme production by Streptomyces sp. AM50 for the biological control of major plant pathogens. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect, to the growth regulations by biogenic amines and antifungal enzyme gene promoter.

Rhizobium sp. RH84에 의한 간척지 환경에서의 헤어리베치 생육촉진

장종옥 ( Jong Ok Jang ),권미경 ( Mi Kyung Kwon ),박동진 ( Dong Jin Park ),성창근 ( Chang Keun Sung ),김창진 ( Chang Jin Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.56 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the plant growth promoting activity of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) on reclaimed land. At the previous research, Rhizobium sp. RH84 was isolated and selected for further study from hairy vetch. For the investigation of plant growth promoting effects by the Rhizobium sp. RH84, production of indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixation were tested and other characters were examined. As results, RH84 produced 9.03 μg IAA per mL and showed nitrogen fixation activity. With the treatment of Rhizobium sp. RH84 to hairy vetch showed good growth at 0.3% salty reclaimed soil, and the production yield was increased up to 56% at field test. From these results, it was confirmed that the Rhizobium sp. RH84 would be used as a green manure for hairy vetch under the salty condition of reclaimed land.

CO₂ 농도 상승 조건에서 고추 병 저항성 유전자의 발현 양상

장종옥(Jong-Ok Jang),김병혁(Byung-Hyuk Kim),고상욱(Sang Wook Koh),문두경(Doo-Gyung Moon),좌재호(Jae-Ho Joa) 한국원예학회 2017 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2017 No.5

온실가스 감축 전략의 성과평가 - 지자체 환경기초시설 사례 -

장종옥 ( Jong-ok Jang ),이성욱 ( Sung Wook Lee ),김종대 ( Jong Dae Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

The study focuses on 32 environmental facilities in Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea, categorizes them by sector: sewage treatment, wastewater treatment, incineration, landfill, water purification, and water supply. Their GHG reduction results are analyzed through quantitative and qualitative measures for 2012 to 2015. The study surveys and examines GHG reductions of the environmental facilities for two categories - facility operation and management. The findings are as follows: First, the GHG reduction rate, an emission-to-allocation ratio, from 2012 to 2015 is 89.67%. Second, GHG reductions coming from qualitative measures of facility management are even greater than those from quantitative measures of facility operation. Third, GHG reductions through facility operation are mostly attributable to overhauls, less use of facilities, resources recycling, process improvement rather than the betterment of fuels, facilities and energy efficiency. Fourth, higher reduction can be achieved by effective facility management, qualitative measures.

CO₂ 농도 상승조건이 배추의 무름병에 미치는 영향

장종옥(Jong-Ok Jang),김병혁(Byung-Hyuk Kim),좌재호(Jae-Ho Joa),고상욱(Sang Wook Koh) 한국원예학회 2017 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2017 No.10

CO₂ 농도 상승 효과에 의한 고추 세균점무늬병 발병 양상 분석

장종옥 ( Jong-ok Jang ),김병혁 ( Byung-hyuk Kim ),문두경 ( Doo-gyung Moon ),고상욱 ( Sang-wook Koh ),좌재호 ( Jae-ho Joa ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.1

CO₂의 상승은 식물 병원성 미생물의 발병력과 기주 식물의 저항성에 영향을 미칠 것이며, 기주와 병원체의 상호 작용에도 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 CO₂ 상승환경에서 기주와 병원체간의 상호 작용을 연구하기 위하여 고추(Capsicum annuum)와 세균점무늬병을 유발하는 X.euvesicatoria를 이용하였다. 고추 식물체의 병저항성 관련유전자인 CaLRR1, CaWRKY1, CaPIK1 그리고 CaPR10 유전자를 quantitative RT-PCR로 분석한 결과 800 ppm에서 CaLRR1, CaPIK1 그리고 PR10 유전자의 발현이 감소하였으며, negative regulator인 CaWRKY1 유전자는 발현이 증가하였다. 400 ppm과 800 ppm의 CO₂ 농도에서 이병엽률과 발병도를 확인 한 결과 800 ppm에서 발병도가 증가된 것을 확인하였다. 이들 결과는 미래의 CO₂ 농도가 증가 된 환경에서 고추와 고추의 주요 피해 병원균인 X. euvesicatoria에 의한 고추 세균점무늬병의 발병 양상을 이해하는 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. An increase in CO₂ will affect plant pathogenic microorganisms, the resistance of host plants, and hostpathogen interactions. This study used Capsicum annuum and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, a pathogenic bacterium of pepper, to investigate the interactions between hosts and pathogens in conditions of increased CO₂ concentrations. Our analysis of disease resistance genes under 800 ppm CO₂ using quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of CaLRR1, CaPIK1, and PR10 decreased, but that of negative regulator WRKY1 increased. Additionally, the disease progress and severity was higher at 800 ppm than 400 ppm CO₂. These results will aid in understanding the interaction between red pepper and X. euvesicatoria under increased CO₂ concentrations in the future.