무용 : 현대무용에 나타난 동양사상의 영향

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 한국체육학회 1993 국제스포츠 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.-

마사 그레이엄과 니체의 미학

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 한국무용기록학회 2013 무용역사기록학 Vol.31 No.-

니체철학에서의‘춤’은 철학적 논리를 설명하기 위한 개념으로서‘해방’,‘자유’,‘영원성’, ‘디오니소스적인 것’등의 추상적 관념을 상징한다. 니체에 있어서 무용수의 몸과 춤은 현실적인 것, 경험적인 것으로서 주요한 연구대상일 뿐만 아니라 니체사상의 주요한 주제이다. 본 연구는 니체철학의 영향을 받은 현대무용의 안무자들 가운데 마사 그레이엄(Martha Graham, 1894-1991)의 무용을 고찰하고, 그레이엄의 무용세계에 미친 니체의 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 니체의 철학과 사유를 통해 마사 그레이엄의 무용에 접근하는데 있어서, 첫째는 니체의 미학사상을 토대로 현대무용의 미학과 발전을 알아본다. 둘째는 그레이엄 무용의 근원적 가치와 의미를 동작원리와 작품세계를 통해 고찰한다. 셋째는 마사 그레이엄 무용미학에 미친 니체의 영향을 밝힌다. 이 연구는 니체를 통해 창조적 자기표현과 자기완성의 과정으로서의 그레이엄의 춤을 사유하도록 한다. 삶과 창조 그리고 숭고의 니체미학이 자연성, 자유, 몸을 근간으로 마사 그레이엄에 미친 영향은 다음과 같이 정리될 수 있다. 신화 등의 소재를 재해석하는 창작활동에 의해 그레이엄은 자신의 세계관과 가치관을 표현하였을 뿐만 아니라 자신의 삶을 개척해 나아갔다. 또한 삶과 예술을 몸의 살아있는 경험으로 미학화 한다. 즉 언어로서 끌어 올리는 데에는 한계를 지닌 감각적인 근본적 세계를 그레이엄은 동작언어로서 재현해내고 창조한다. 그레이엄은 무용을 통해 디오니소스적 이념 자체의 내용으로서의 도취와 인간의 정열의 확대를 실천한다. 그레이엄의 신체 개념은 인간의 내면을 드러내고 표현하는 방법과 기술 그리고 내면의 내용에 적절한 구조의 발굴 등을 모두 포함하며, 단순한 전달의 도구적 기능에서 더 나아가 기술의 습득에 의해 내부로부터 자유로워질 수 있고 자기 자신에 대한 신념을 키워주는 신체, 즉 가벼운 춤의 상태를 이룬 짜라투스트라의 신체와 상통한다. The thesis discusses Martha Graham`s Dance influenced by philosophy of Nietzsche. According to Nietzsche, dance is a symbolic concept used for his philosophical logic. The dance symbolize freedom, eternity, the Dionysiac concepts. The dancer`s body not only is considered to be important as the real and experiential, but also is a theme of Nietzsche`s thought. The thesis consists of three parts. First one is to recognize the aesthetic of modern dance based on the philosophy of Nietzsche. The second one is to explore the artistic value and significance of Martha Graham dances. The third one is to find out the influential elements of Nietzsche`s thought appeared in Martha Graham dances. Exploring her subjective life, she communicates her own thought and aesthetic judgement. She creates movement vocabularies in her dance to which the verbal words are limited in expressive approach. Also she approaches to Dionysiac intoxication by dancing. Dancer`s body as instrument for Graham dance combines expressive techniques, method, function, formal structure and internal contents, which imply physical freedom by acquisition of proper techniques. The mission of human being lies in the completion of the self. For Nietzsche dance is such an accomplishment. The influence of aesthetics of Nietzsche can be found in the creative process and dancer`s body, also in the artistic life and the grace which is achieved after such a procedure.

현대무용의 발전에 나타난 철학사상(2) -현상학을 중심으로

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 한국무용교육학회 2003 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

인문,사회과학논문 : 무용예술을 통한 니힐리즘의 완성

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 2003 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.36 No.-

몸과 춤에 대한 새로운 사유

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 大韓舞踊學會 2009 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.60 No.-

Nowadays spectacular dance as well as the dance where body is the subject of dance, appears important role in contemporary world of dance. The knowledge that a society requires, enables artists` methods and ideas to be realized. However it is more important for society to integrate and manipulate the knowledge and information. The union of dance with different genres, are caused by the artistic autonomy and societal multiplicity. Opening the dance to the artistic world is a result of post modern ideas beyond the closed modernism. The union of dance with different genres are the ideas appeared in the early 21st century. The styles of minimalism, multi media and digital technology purpose on de-center(freeing from center that is caused by freeing body) and allow various perspectives and the variety of dance-spectrums. A new thought about `body and Dance` requires new paradigm of aesthetic reflection on dance according to the environment of dance society and multiplicity of dance media. In this study after considering changes of dance media and environment, instead of concept of body, bodily movement, body space, stage, body image, movement of body image, virtual body space and virtual cyber space are considered as the analytic object for this study. That is an analysis of material and media as an object of aesthetic analysis. In conclusion, dances created in 21st century enlarge its concepts of style, vision, sense, material, time, space and media. Furthermore it creates aesthetic value of dance under the enlargement of dance theme and body concepts. The study discussed the range and perception of virtual body concept. It also generally discussed the characteristics of virtuality and interactivity of visual multi-media for the communication between producer and audience. However there requires new reflection on body image. The phenomenon of superior values of technology, information, media and sense than human inner subjectivity and instinct of imitative expression must be considered and solved for dance world of next generations.

머스 커닝햄의 <델리 코메디아>(Deli Commedia)에 관한 연구

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 2009 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.61 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyse <Deli Commedia> by Merce Cunningham in order to get the idea of choreographing stage dance pieces. The process of creating video dance was considered from the aspects of the ways how Merce Cunningham understands and approaches to the possible dance scenes-both in cuts and flowing of movement-using the camera. The characteristics of pieces by Merce Cunningham during the 1970s and 1980s stimulated the exploration of dance-system presenting the high energy and elaboration of movement. <Deli Commedia> uses various dance movements from Cakewalk, Tango, Lindy Hop including stage effects and properties. The video dances which in general allow us to find out movements used in different ways, however the improvement of advanced Cunningham technique that preserves and determines the piece`s quality of movements and dancers. <Deli Commedia> is considered to expand the attention to the intensified, experienced realms of movements by utilizing video and film as well as its aesthetic values. From this study the compositional method of video-film dance was perceived a few scenes that was utilized for the choreography and composition of spacial design of stage dance pieces. Furthermore the compositional variation of video-film dance is considered to be necessary for the fundamental work for collaboration of dance and technology today.

머스 커닝햄의 1970년대 작품에 관한 연구

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 2005 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.45 No.-

스포츠와 무용의 미적 동질성과 예술적 차이점

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 2012 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.70 No.1

스포츠와 무용의 객관적인 심미의식의 대상은 신체와 운동이다. 관전자는 미적 태도에 의해 미적 경험(aesthetic experience)을 가지며 미적 가치를 발견하게 된다. 스포츠를 통해 경험하는 시간성, 공간성, 직접성, 힘(역동성)과 같은 특질은 무용예술의 미적 성질과 매우 유사하다. 본 연구는 스포츠와 무용 각각의 미적 경험 가운데 발견되는 미적 동질성이 무엇이며 더 나아가 근본적인 차이점이 무엇인지를 고찰함으로써 스포츠와 무용의 차별화를 모색한다는 데에 그 필요성을 두고 있다. 또한 이 연구는 스포츠에 대한 철학적 의미와 미적 가치를 확장하기 위해서도 필요하다고 할 것이다. 본 연구는 스포츠와 무용에 대한 미적 동질성을 논하며, 더 나아가 스포츠와 무용의 예술적 측면에 대한 차이점을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 스포츠와 무용의 미적 동질성을 모색하기 위해서는 미적 지각을 바탕으로 하여 미적 형식원리, 미적 질, 미적 표현을 고찰한다. 목적스포츠의 실천 방법과 목적의 측면을 미적스포츠와 무용의 그것들과 구별하고, 스포츠와 무용의 예술적 측면에 대한 차이점을 논하기 위해서 상상, 재현, 상징 등을 비롯한 예술적 요인을 고찰한다. 본 연구는 무용미학의 입장에서 스포츠의 미적 특성을 객관적으로 탐구하고, 무용수와 스포츠실천자는 물론 무용과 스포츠를 관람하는 사람들에게 미적 경험을 환기시키며 폭넓게 바라보는 관점을 제시한다. Sport have been considered as one of the artistic cultural development since recent times. Sport is recognized as the artistic by a few scholars since the realm of artistic concepts has been expanded. Post modern elements of interaction, play and improvisation in the artistic movement are also found in the sporting context. Sport is artistic when observer approach to it with aesthetic attitude, when the player presents proper timing of playing, articulation and changing aspects, in other words, when the player presents the rhythm and tempo as timing element, bodily space and movement pattern as space element, and interacting force between players, which also is the dynamic powers between the winning and losing. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss about the aesthetic identification and artistic difference of sport and dance. Sport as well as dance is aesthetic. The aesthetics of sport objectively explore the aesthetic characteristics of sport, and subjectively the aesthetic experience, aesthetic judgement, and aesthetic value. Sport performer experiences his spirit encountered with his own body, experiences his own kinesthetic sense, the aspects of life -the dramatic and the dynamic powers. However the spontaneous expression in sport is different from the projected expressive art-such as dance-in certain ways. Sport is intended to perform the evocation of aesthetic experience both for athlete and the audience. Comparing the artistic recognition of aesthetic sport and dance to purposive sport, we find that the purposes and the methods are unified in aesthetic sport and dance, not in purposive sport. The expressive intention is necessary in aesthetic sport, although creative intention is not essential in sport as much as in dance. Aesthetic approach to sport not only confirms the people better understanding and interest on sport, but also includes the formulation of their own subjective bodies, lives and interactive power in a community. Sport is regarded as one of cultural activities, as an evocation of the aesthetic experience both of performer and observer.

현대무용의 철학사조

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 1995 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.18 No.-

무용에서의 정의의 개념에 관한 연구

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 대한무용학회 2010 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.62 No.-

Justice in relation with art expresses the condition in which every person has the absolute potential to show his own personality, talent, and ability. The discussion of the relation between arts and justice in this essay starts from understanding both abstract and concrete concepts of justice dealt in Aristotle`s Politics, Nichomachian Ethics and Poetics. The concrete form of realizing justice through art is virtue, and the concrete virtue can be found in art, which realizes catharsis and justice. The realization of justice is placed in virtue in terms of art, criticizing right and wrong of an artistic act. However, Aristotle`s concept of realizing justice refers to good in human being prior to art. An artistic act with right attitude means an act that follows the disposition which asks the right and is done in law-abiding spirit and just attitude for the good of the national community. The purpose of this essay is to provide the fundamental understanding about what human being pursues and the ideology of art with regard to justice. In this essay I discuss three points. First, Aristotle`s concept of justice which fundamentally is operative in art. Secondly I discuss interrelation of dance and justice and in this context discusses `resistance`, `mobilization`, `social movement` and `diversity` of dance aspects. Lastly I discuss contemporary practices of the 1960s` Judson dance activities which is regarded as revolutionary activity, challenged to the prevailing social ideology, and its relationship with social movement is considered. The practices are examined by the themes of freedom, equality and liberation of the body through their choreographic works.