http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
장관,임영재,서준교,박관진 대한비뇨의학회 2020 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.61 No.2
Purpose: Brain dysfunction related to areas regarding attention and arousal may occur not only in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but also in patients with enuresis and daytime symptoms. This study aimed to investigate changes in computerized comprehensive attention tests (CATs), a psychometric test for ADHD when patients with nonmonosymptomatic enuresis (NME) were treated with anticholinergic agents. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with NME featuring overactive bladder were prospectively enrolled. They were treated with 5 mg of solifenacin to control daytime symptoms. Using CATs, patients were evaluated during 12 weeks of treatment. Four subtests of attention (visual and auditory selective attention, sustained attention, and flanker tests) were measured. For each subtest, four domains (omission error, commission error, response time [RT], and standard deviation of RT) were assessed. Results: Only one domain of the flanker test was in the deficient range at baseline. The presence of urge incontinence affected follow-up results on the sustained attention tests. Treatment with anticholinergic agents did not significantly affect attention variables but changes in several variables were correlated with bladder symptoms and enuresis. Conclusions: Minimal baseline defects in attention function were seen in patients with NME. Follow-up results for some attention variables were affected by daytime symptoms and enuresis. These results suggest that altered brain function in enuretic patients influences improvement in both attention and bladder function.
都市에서 發生되는 大氣汚染物質이 森林生態界에 미치는 局所的 影響
張寬淳,李壽煜 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1987 環境硏究 Vol.5 No.2
本 調査는 各種 産業施設과 都市人口, 交通量이 密集되어 있는 大田市 地域에서 發生하는 汚染物質이 森林에 미치는 影響을 局所的으로, 季節的으로 分析하여 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 大田市에서 發生되는 大氣汚染物質의 影響은 大都市 中心部로부터 거리가 멀어짐에 따라 減少하였다. 2. 酸性雨(Acid Precipitation)의 影響에 의한 土壤 pH는 季節別로 여름보다 겨울이 낮았다. 3. 大都市에서 工團地域의 固定汚染源과 車輛運行이 빈번한 移動汚染源을 中心으로 排出되는 汚染物質이 森林土壤의 表土pH에 미치는 季節別 影響은 그 類型이 8月에 이르러 다르게 나타났다. 4. 固定汚染源이 集中的으로 排出되는 工團地域에서 土壤汚染의 擴散은 거리에 따라 뚜렷이 減少했다. 그 擴散率 Model은 Y=3.75+0.0013X와 같다. 5. 移動汚染源 地域에 있어서 土壤汚染의 擴散은 季節別 距離別로 뚜렷하며 8月에 현지히 增加했다. 그 擴散率 Model은 Y=4.54+0.00015X와 같다. The experiment has been made to find out the local effects of air pollutants from urban area on forest ecosystem. According to the distance from city center, 5 sample locations were selected. The influence of air pollutants from urban area decreased with increasing distance from city center. The soil pH by acid precipitation was lower in the winter than in the summer. The seasonal fluctuations of top-soil pH by industrial and traffic influences had a different pattern in August. The dispersion rate of soil contamination from industrial area significantly decreased according to the distance from pollution source (Y=3.75+0.0013X). The dispersion of soil contamination by heavy traffic showed significant seasonal changes and the most significant increase was in August(Y=4.54+0.00015X).