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휴대부착용 신경근전기자극이 인체의 에너지 소비량에 미치는 영향
임종훈,유재호 대한신경치료학회 2020 신경치료 Vol.24 No.2
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neuromuscular stimulation on respiratory system and cardiovascular system according to exercise load test time. Methods The experiment was performed in 20 experimental groups and 20 control groups, and a total of 5 neuromuscular stimuli were attached to the rectus femoris, gluteus maximus and abdominal muscles. A total of eight measurements before, during and after exercise were compared between groups. Results There was no significant difference in body weight before / after comparison between groups (p> 0.05), but body fat mass was significantly different between groups (p <0.05). Maximum oxygen uptake, maximum carbon dioxide emissions, and gas exchange rates were significantly different between the two groups at 3, 6, and 9 minutes after the exercise test. There was a significant difference in heart rate and systolic blood pressure between two groups at 3 minutes after exercise. Conclusion In conclusion, neuromuscular electrical stimulation could affect the respiratory system and cardiovascular variables, and it was confirmed that there was a change in body fat loss. In addition, neuromuscular electric stimulation could be applied for portable attachment, so it is possible to help weight reduction as energy expenditure would be increased while exercising.
A Study on Public Design Applicability Through Extraction of Healing Environment Elements
임종훈,임진이 한국공간디자인학회 2017 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.12 No.5
(Background and Purpose) The paradigm of the urban environment is also shifting as it is undergoing rapid urbanization. In this process, various social problems are exposed, and the public space, emphasizing the functional aspect in the existing urban environment, has limitations in meeting the needs of the users. These problems led to increased interest in the psychological environment, and it has become an opportunity to recognize the need for an urban environment that meets user needs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of healing environments through preceding research and to propose the feasibility of their applications to public design through the extraction of healing environment elements based on the analysis. (Method) In Chapter 2, we theoretically examined the concept of the healing environment and the trends of the preceding research. In Chapter 3, we reconstructed the healing environment types through the analysis of preceding research. In Chapter 4, we derived concrete elements according to reclassified healing environment types, and conducted a comprehensive analysis. In Chapter 5, we presented the results of the research based on the preceding research. (Results) In the analysis of the preceding research, nine types of existing healing environments derived based on frequency were reclassified as physical environment, psychological environment, social environment, and behavioral environment. First, among the types of healing environments, the physical environment has objective and physical characteristics, and its concrete elements like pathfinding and accessibility have the same meaning as “accessibility” in public design evaluation items. Second, the psychological environment is an intrinsic factor. Concrete elements derived from this type of healing environment include privacy, comfort, habitability, and intimacy. Third, the social environment holds an objective and its related factors. Concrete elements derived from this type of healing environment include social interaction, communication, sociality, public sphere, system, regulation, and program. Fourth, the behavioral environment is an external factor, and its concrete elements include information exchange, environmental adaptability, and interaction. (Conclusions) Natural factors in the physical environment have an effect of providing psychological stability to the users which infers it is essential in obtaining healing effect of the users. In the psychological environment, it is found that psychological stability and healing concepts are applied by providing a space for users, based on the element of comfort. In the social and behavioral environments, it was found that creating the space where the community can be activated is highly important. This can be applied as a vital component in public design which emphasizes publicness. This study has its significance in recognizing the importance of the user-centered psychological environments in healing environments, and its value is in that it suggests the possibility of applying the elements of healing environments to public design.
Modeling of the wet flue gas desulfurization system to utilize low-grade limestone
임종훈,최영렬,김건열,김정환 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.12
Wet flue gas desulfurization was simulated to improve gypsum production using low-grade limestone. High-grade limestone with 94 wt% CaCO3 content is used for producing gypsum with 93 wt% purity, but owing to the resource depletion of high-grade limestone, low-grade limestone should be replaced as an alternative. However, lowgrade limestone with CaCO3 purity of less than 94% contains impurities such as MgCO3, Al2O3, and SiO2, which reduce gypsum purity. To resolve this issue, a process involving mixing of both low-grade and high-grade limestone was simulated to predict the quantity of low-grade limestone that could be utilized. Many reactions like limestone dissolution, SOX absorption, and crystallization were considered and were simulated by different models in Aspen plus. For process optimization, the following constraints were set: 93 wt% gypsum purity, 94% desulfurization efficiency, and 3,710 kg/h total limestone usage, which maximized the mass flow of low-grade limestone. The maximum blending quantity of low-grade limestone for 2,100 kg high-grade limestone that satisfied the constraints was ~1,610 kg.
제20대 국회에서 법률 제ㆍ개정 시 국회와 행정부 간의 협력방안
임종훈 한국입법학회 2017 입법학연구 Vol.14 No.2
헌법 제52조에 따라 국회의원과 정부는 법률안을 국회에 제출할 수 있다. 일반적으로 정부가 법률안을 제출할 경우 ‘정부입법’이라고 부르고, 국회의원이 법률안을 발의할 경우에는 ‘의원입법’이라고 한다. 최근 20년 동안 국회의 입법현황을 살펴보면, 의원입법의 역할과 비중이 비약적으로 증대되었음을 확인할 수 있다. 의원입법이 증대된 상황에서 남은 과제는 국회가 어떻게 하면 ‘좋은 입법(good law)’을 많이 만들어 내느냐 하는 점이다. 좋은 입법을 위해서 필요하다면 국회와 행정부 간의 협력을 마다할 이유는 없다고 본다. 이 글에서는 ‘민주성’과 ‘효율성’이라는 준거기준에 기초해서 ‘좋은 입법’을 만들기 위한 국회와 행정부의 협력방안으로 다음과 같은 사항을 검토하고자 한다. 첫째로 정부에 법률안 제출권을 부여하는 것이 적절한지 여부와 관련하여, 대통령에게 과도하게 집중된 권한을 견제하기 위한 방편의 일환으로 정부의 법률안 제출권을 폐지하자는 주장이 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 그러나 의원입법이 증대하고 있는 상황에서, 오늘날 입법에 담아야 할 내용이 복잡하고 전문적인 사항이 대부분인데, 정작 이러한 사항에 대한 구체적이고 전문적인 정보는 의회가 아닌 행정부가 가지고 있다는 현실을 감안할 때, 법률안 제출권을 국회가 독점하는 것은 적절하지 못할 뿐만 아니라 합목적적이지도 못하다는 비판도 설득력이 있다. 둘째로, 국회의 입법과정에서 행정부가 범정부적 차원의 통일된 입장을 수립하고 반영하기 위해서 ‘입법 컨트롤 타워’의 설치가 필요하다. 이러한 기구를 마련한다면, 국회를 통과한 법률안에 대한 대통령의 거부권 행사 가능성을 최소화하고, 법률의 집행가능성도 제고할 수 있을 것이다. 그 외에도 입법과정에서 국회와 행정부 간의 구체적 협력방안으로 국회의 상임위원회가 법률안에 대한 심사를 시작하기 전에 정부의 소관부처에 대하여 법률안에 대한 의견을 조회하는 절차를 제도화하고, 법률안을 심사하기 위하여 개최하는 공청회에 반드시 정부 소관부처의 책임 있는 공직자가 진술인으로 참석하여 집행부 측의 입장을 개진하도록 기회를 부여하는 방향으로 공청회 제도를 개선할 필요가 있다. This paper examines the way to promote cooperation between the National Assembly and the Executive in the legislative process in order to make good law in Korea. Article 52 of the Korean Constitution prescribes that “bills may be introduced by members of the National Assembly or by the Executive.” Before examining the way to promote cooperation between the National Assembly and the Executive, this paper reviews who actually has dominated the legislative process in Korea. Until the end of the 20th century, the legislative process was dominated by the Executive like in most other nations. Around the beginning of the 21th century, however, members of the National Assembly began to pay more attention to their legislative work for some reasons and nowadays they have achieved a dominant position in the legislative process. Under this circumstance, this paper makes the following suggestions as ways to promote cooperation between the National Assembly and the Executive in the legislative process. First, with regard to the pros and cons of whether to allow the Executive to submit bills to the National Assembly, this paper puts more emphasis on the need to maintain the presidential power to submit bills. Second, the Executive needs to set up a so called “control tower for the legislative affairs” to harmonize a variety of opinions within the Executive departments on a bill under deliberation at the National Assembly. We need to look at the experience of the OMB(Office of Management and Budget) of the United States in this regard. Third, the National Assembly Act needs to be amended so that a relevant Executive official is entitled to show up and express his or her opinion on a bill before a committee deliberating the bill.