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일본어 거절표현의 의미기능에 대한 일고찰 : 일본어 모어화자와 학습자를 중심으로
임영철(Yim Young-Cheol),김윤희(Kim Yoon-hee) 동북아시아문화학회 2011 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.27
This study conducted a role-play-based interview and its analysis by dividing the rejection expressions to the request of a professor into internal situation(JJ) and contact situation(JC.IK). The study results are as follows: 1) Looking at the average number of semantic formulas used per person, there appeared in the order of JC,JK and JJ, and it was found that native speaker JJ used a short and clear linguistic expression using a standardized the formula of rejection expression in comparison with Japanese learner JC &JK. 2) In the semantic formulas of 〈refusal expression〉, JK showed a larger proportion of appearances than JJ and JC. The semantic formula of 〈calling one’s attention〉 appeared from only JK. The semantic formula of 〈an alternative of friend introduction〉 appeared only from JC and JK. 〈Alternative Promise〉 was a semantic formula appearing from JJ, JC, and JK, which is the same as the questionnaire survey results. 3) In addition, this study was able to understand that when both the native speaker and learner don’t use a direct 〈refusal expression〉, they convey their intention of refusal using the semantic formula of 〈reason explanation〉. 4) This study was also able to understand that among the 〈reason explanations〉 for refusal expression, ‘part-time work’ was, as an officially acknowledged business in Japan, used in both ‘internal situations’ and ‘contact situations’ while the reasons of ‘Class attendance & Club activity’ and ‘Related to applications’ are used as a valid reason in 〈contact situations〉. In contrast, the customary expressions such as ‘prior appointment, promise’, which showed a high appearance in a questionnaire survey, showed a low number of appearances.
임영철(Yim Young-cheol),윤사연(Yoon Sa-yeon) 한국사회언어학회 2008 사회언어학 Vol.16 No.1
According to development of mass media, the chance of international communication has increased. Therefore, neologism is created by the inflow of foreign languages, Chinese characters, and loan words. The use of neologism is increased gradually in daily life as well. This article attempts to represent the trend and features of the "campus terms" today. In detail, it studies how to reflect using and understanding of "Campus terms" in college students of South Korea. The results show similarities and differences throughout the linguistic map. "Campus terms" can be defined as a part of the students" unique language use. In particular, subject titles, school buildings, group activities, and experiences on campus are used. Moreover, it can be characterized as a metaphorical and satirical expression of the society.
임영철(Yim Young-cheol) 한국사회언어학회 2006 사회언어학 Vol.14 No.1
This is a report on the linguistic life of Korean-Americans and Korean-Chinese, i.e., immigrants and their descendants who reside in the United States and China (mainly in Manchuria), respectively. A field study was conducted in the United States and China on the immigrants" consciousness and attitudes of the use of languages, i.e., Korean vs. English, and Korean vs. Chinese, respectively. Here, the transformation of Korean and what factors were responsible for changes in both communities were examined. Observation shows that first, Korean- Americans maintain a closer relationship with native Koreans than the Korean-Chinese do. However, the Korean-Chinese maintain a stronger community relationship among themselves. Second, Korean-Chinese maintain more coherent racial homogeneity than the Korean-Americans. Third, Chinese-Koreans seem to more easily adapt to Chinese culture than Korean-Americans do to American culture. Fourth, food is the most well-inherited and preserved culture in both communities. Fifth, Korean-Americans regard Spanish as a second foreign language; the Korean-Chinese people Japanese or English. Lastly, for both groups, there seem to be generational differences regarding language use and culture.
임영철(Yim Young-cheol) 한국사회언어학회 2005 사회언어학 Vol.13 No.1
The present research explores differences and similarities in the expressions of considerate attitudes between Korean and Japanese speakers. More specifically, this study attempts to explain differences in producing topics and responses in first encounters between the two in terms of politeness. The findings of the research can be summarized as follows: (ⅰ) Japanese speakers' overuse of polite expressions are vague and off point. This can be explained in terms of a face-saving act in the sense that Japanese speakers do not attempt to impose their ideas and opinions upon interlocutors, and (ⅱ) Korean speakers use clear and definite expressions, compared to Japanese speakers. It appears that Koreans when expressing positive attitudes to the other party attempt to make their ideas and opinions clear and explicit as a way of establishing a strong relationship. This research shows that pragmatic use of languages reflected in the expressions of considerate attitudes is different between Korean and japanese, in spite of the grammatical similarities between the two languages. This suggests that a comparative study of language use in terms of pragmatics and sociolinguistics is a prerequisite to a better understanding of the cultures and societies of Korea and Japan.