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임신예,최민철,조기옥,백도명 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.4
목적 최근 수은이 심혈관계통에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구들이 발표되고 있다 본 연구는 지역사회 주민들을 대상으로 모발에서 수은 분석 및 심박동변이 검사를 실시하여 이들 간의 관계를 분석함으로써 수은의 심장 자율신경기능에 미지는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다 방법 모발 채취는 미용사가 후두부에서 모근에서 최대한 가깝도록 자른 다음 모근부위를 표시하여 보관하였다 모발 수은 측정은 열분해 촉매변환 아말감화와 원자흡수분광법의 네단계를 거쳐 분석하는 Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80)를 이용하여 분석하였다 심혈관계질환의 알려진 위험요인을 조사하기 위해 의사가 면담을 통하여 고혈압 당뇨병 등의 과거력을 확인하였고 혈압을 측정하였으며 신체계측으로 비만여부를 확인하였고 총콜레스테롤 중성지방 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 등을 분석하기 위때 정맥혈을 채취하였다 심박동변이는 Medi-core사의 SA-3000P를 이용하여 조용한 방에서 가만히 앉아 있는 상태에서 5분 동안 시간 범위와 주파수 범위를 측정하였다 심혈관질환 위험요인들을 보정한 상태에서 모발 수은과 심박동변이검사와의 관계를 분석하였다 통계분석은 SAS 9 1 3을 이용하였다 결과 건강검진에 참여하여 의사검진 혈액검사 모발 수은 검사 및 심박동변이 검사를 수행한 671명(남자 307명 여자 364명)을 대상으로 결과를 분석하였다 평균 연령은 36세(범위 6~83세)였다 조사대상자들에서의 모발수은의 기하평균은 0.90 ppm(범위 0.12-13.36 ppm) 이었다 남자에서 연령이 증가할수록 현재 흡연군 잦은 음주군 농업 임업 및 어업숙련 종사자군과 임원 및 관리자군에서 모발 수은 농도가 높았다 모발 수은 농도와 연령 수축기 및 이완기 혈압 총콜레스테롤 중성지방 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 체질량지수와 모발 수은은 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였고 심박동수와 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 SDNN TP LF HF 값과는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였다 모발 수은 농도가 높은 군에서 낮은 군에 비해 심박동수 및 SDNN LF HF 값이 유의하게 감소하고 수축기 및 이완기 혈압은 유의하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다 다중선형회귀분석을 이용하여 성별 연령 등 심혈관질환 위험요인들을 보정한 후에도 모발 수은 농도가 로그 1 ppm 증가함에 따라 심박동수는 2.6회/분 감소하고 Ln (HF)값은 0.131 msec² HF norm은 2.550 감소하였다 결론 본 연구를 통하여 수은 노출이 심장의 부교감신경계 기능에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다 추가적인 연구를 통하여 수은 노출과 심혈관계 질환의 장기영향 조사가 필요하다 Objectives The effect of mercury on the cardiovascular system has recently been reported on but the mechanisms as well as its nature of this effect still need to be confirmed In this study the mercury in the hair of a community population was analyzed in relation to the cardiac autonomic activity. Methods A hair sample was obtained from the occiput area and the mercury in the hair was analyzed by using a Direct Mercury Analyzer. We measured the cardiovascular risk factors including total Cholesterol, triglyceride blood pressure and the body mass index (BMI) Heart rate variability was assessed for 5 minutes in the time and frequency domain by using SA-3000P from the Medi-core company The association between the mercury in the hair and heart rate variability was assessed after controlling for the other cardiovascular risk factors Results The mean age of the 671 total subjects was 36 years The geometric mean of the hair mercury was 0.90 ppm The hair mercury level was elevated in males adults smokers and drinkers Hair mercury and age the systolic and diastolic blood pressure total cholesterol triglyceride. LDL cholesterol and BMI were all positively correlated However hair mercury and heart rate, HDL cholesterol standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN) total power (TP) low-frequency (LF) high- frequency (HF) were negatively correlated In the higher mercury group heart rate SDNN LF and HF indices were Significantly lower compared with those of the lower mercury group Heart rate was decreased 2.6 beats/min Ln (HF) was decreased 0.131 msec² and HF norm was decreased 2.550 with a 1 ppm increase of Ln (Hg), according to multiple linear regression analysis after controlling for age gender and other cardiovascular risk factors Conclusion This cross-sectional study showed that mercury may affect the cardiac autonomic activity through parasympathetic dysfunction.
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우리나라 여성들의 건강 수준 및 건강 위험요인 현황: 여성근로자들을 중심으로
임신예 ( Sin Ye Lim ) 경희대학교 경희의료원 2014 慶熙醫學 Vol.29 No.1
The proportion of Korean women in total population is 50.0%. The enrollemtn rate for college or university of Korean women has been increasing and it has been higher than that of Korean men. In spite of this finding, the proportion of women in higher position in government and company is much lower because of glass ceiling. Furthermore, there is a big wage gap between male workers and female workers. Korean female workers are more employed in non-standard work, such as temporary and daily work, than male workers and the employment rate in non-standard work is increasing. Female workers suffer from double burden of work and domestic responsibilities. Because of this, the risk of musculoskeletal diseases is increasing. They deprived of sleeping hours, so the risk of generalized fatigue, self-rated poor health, depression, and suicidal ideation is increasing. Recently, the suicidal attempted rate in Korean female has been higher than that in Korean male. The risk of work-related musculoskeletal diseases in female workers is worse, because of repetition, force, and not suitable working conditions and equipments. In addition, most female workers are working in the sectors of service, sales, care giver, and hospital exposed to high demand of emotional labor. Because of these risk factors, female workers’ self-rated health is worse than that of male workers and the prevalence rates of depression and other psychological health problems show increasing trend. Besides, female workers exposed to adverse reproductive health risks for both workers themselves and their children, such as spontaneous abortion, delayed time to pregnancy, and congenital anomalies of their children. To prevent these health problems, it is necessary to obey the regulation for the protection of women’s health. Furthermore, policies for keeping work-life balance, reducing job stress by increase of job control and decrease of job demand, and decreasing gender inequality should be planned and implemented in Korean society.
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최예용,임흥규,임신예,백도명,Choi, Ye-Yong,Lim, Heung-Kyu,Lim, Sin-Ye,Paek, Do-Myung 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.2
Introduction: After 17 years since the first production of humidifier disinfectants in Korea, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) announced that the odds ratio of lung injury related with humidifier disinfectant usage was 47.3 (95% confidence interval 6.0-369.7) according to a case-control study with 18 adult cases, including 8 pregnant women at a university hospital in Seoul. Results: From September 2011 to April 2012, one-hundred and seventy four victim cases have been reported to an environmental non-governmental group (NGO). We summarized timetable of humidifier disinfectants accidents, analyzed health outcomes (death, lung or lung and heart transplantation, pulmonary disease) of reported victims, and classified some information for humidifier disinfectants with health outcomes, and government action for this accident. Among the victims, number of death cases are 52 (30.0%), including 26 babies less than 3 years old. Sixty-nine victims come from twenty-seven family with 2 to 4 members per family. About twenty types of humidifier disinfectant products and about 600,000 product items a year have been sold. Fifty-two death cases used 7 different types of disinfectant products, including imported goods and some private brands of well-known supermarkets. KCDC confirmed inhalation toxicity of 6 products through an animal experimental test, and based on this observation recalled disinfectants containing PHMG (polyhexamethylene guanidine) and PGH (Oligo(2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxyethyl guanidinium chloride). Discussions: The use of these biocides involved highly fatal consequences among biologically vulnerable victims, such as pregnant women, several family member victims after semi-acute exposure. This is the first biocide disaster in Korea with non-specific targets, and unknown scale of victims, warranting concerns on use of biocides in the living environment. Conclusions: Special administrative agency for chemical safety and compensation act for environmental health victims are needed to prevent similar problems.
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