글루캔 형성에 대한 세균 배양상청액의 영향

임성이,양규호,오종석 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The interaction between Streptococcus and Lactococcus lactis 1370 on the formation of glucan was studied. 1. When the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain in M17 broth containing 0.5% yeast extract and 5% sucrose (M17YS broth) was added in the media of beaker, Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain and Streptococcus sobrinus B13 produced more artificial plaque compared with culturing in the media added with the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain in M17 broth containing 0.5% yeast extract (M17Y broth) (p<0.05), and were replicated more. 2. When the culture supernatant of Streptococcus sobrinus B13 in M17YS broth was added in the media of beaker, Streptococcus sobrinus B13 produced less artifical plaque compared with culturing in the media added with the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain in M17Y broth (p<0.05). 3. The weight of artificial plaque prodeced by Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain was significantly reduced to 8.0mg in the media added with the culture supernatant of Lactococcus lactis 1370 in M17YS broth compared with 101.6mg in the media only (p<0.05), and that produced by Streptococcus sobrinus B13 was reduced in the media added with the culture supernatant of Lactococcus lactis 1370 in M17YS broth (p<0.05). 4. The weight of soluble glucan in 40ml culture supernatant of Strptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain was 0.002g, and that in 10ml culture supernatant of Lactococcus lactis 1370 was 0.076g, while that in the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain being 0.110g in 30 ml M17YS broth added with 10 ml culture supernatant of Lactococcus lactis 1370. 5. The optical density of absorbance at 550 nm was 0.379 and 0.209 in the culture of Lactococcus lactis 1370 added with the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain and Lactococcus lactis 1370 in M17YS broth, whereas being 0.501 in the culture of Lactococcus lactis 1370 in M17YS broth only. 6. The polymer produced by Lactococcus lactis 1370 was glucan on the thin layer chromatography. 7. The glucan produced by Lactococcus lactis 1370 was water-soluble glucan containing α1→6 linkages as the main linkage on the thin layer chromatography. These results indicate that the production of water-insoluble glucan by Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt strain was increased by water-insoluble glucan, but decreased by water-soluble glucan.

肝纖維化 過程中 肝膠原質 分劃의 變動

林誠伊,柳顯模,金仁山,曹準承 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1988 慶北醫大誌 Vol.29 No.3

간섬유화 과정중 교원섬유의 생화학적 변동을 관찰하기 위하여 체중 200g 전후의 Sprague-Dawley종 백서의 총수담관을 결찰한 후 2주에서 8주까지 2주 간격으로 실험동물을 희생시켜 간장을 채취하였다. 간조직내 교원질은 neutral salt soluble, acid soluble, pepsin soluble 및 insoluble fraction으로 분획 추출한 후 각 분획내에 함유된 교원질의 함량을 측정하였다. 간조직내 교원질의 함량은 담관결찰 이후 4주까지 완만한 증가를 나타내었고, 6주군 및 8주군에서는 4주군까지에 비해 급격한 증가를 나타내었다. 각 분획별 교원질의 함량은 acid soluble fraction을 제외한 모든 분획에서 지속적인 증가를 보였으며 insoluble fraction은 6주와 8주 사이에 급격한 증가를 나타내었다. 추출율은 정상군의 25%에서 6주군의 36.97%까지 지속적인 증가를 나타내었으나 8주군에서는 24.57%로 정상군의 수준으로 격감하였다. 이는 담관결찰로 인하여 6주군까지는 가용성 분획 즉, 신생 교원질 분획이 증가하다가 8주를 전후하여 불용성 분획으로의 편입이 급격히 이루어진 것으로 보이며, 가역적이던 간섬유증이 비가역적인 간경변증으로 이행함을 시사한다. This study was performed to characterize the collagen in fibrosis caused by biliary obstruction. Hepatic fibrosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats weighing around 200g by double ligaton of common bile duct. The animals were sacrificed biweekly after biliary obstruction and liver specimens were obtained. Hepatic collagen was fractionated into neutral salt soluble, acid soluble, pepsin soluble and insoluble fractions, and routine liver function tests were performed. Hydroxyproline content of hepatic collagen increased gradually for 4 weeks and increased remarkably at 6 and 8 weeks of biliary obstruction. Hydroxyproline content of alll fractions of collagen, except acid soluble fraction, increased as the duration of biliary obstruction increased. Extractability of collagen was incrceased until 6 weeks(36.97%) of biliary obstruction, but decreased to normal range(25%)after 8 weeks(24.57%). Probably this may indicate that around 6 weeks after biliary obstruction is critical time point when fibrotic changes in the liver became irreversible.

GC-Olfactometry를 이용한 돼지간장의 비린내불쾌취 성분분석

임성임,최성희 東義大學校 生活科學硏究所 2003 生活科學論集 Vol.7 No.-

지금까지 거의 보고되지 않은 동물간의 비린내 불쾌취를 밝히는 것을 목적으로, 연속수증기증류에 의해 얻어진 가열 돼지간의 휘발성 농축물중에 포함된 화합물을 분리. 동정하여, 가열에 의해서도 없어지지 않고 잔존하는 비린내불쾌취를 검토하였다. 또한, GC 분석시, GC-O를 이용하여 각 휘발성화합물의 냄새를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 간은 가열하는 것에 의해 특이적인 비린내불쾌취가 소실되지 않으며, 여전히 잔존함이 확인되었다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 비린내를 갖는 (E,E-2, 4- heptadienal (fishy) 및 금속취를 갖는 1-octen-3-one, hexanol의 존재를 확인하였다. 또한 가열돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 기여하는 것으로 생각되어지는 (E)-2-noneal(cardboard-like), (Z)4-decenal (cudboard-like), (E,E)-2, 4-decadienal(deep-fried)등 낮은 한계값을 갖는 adehyde류의 생성을 확인하였다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 40종류의 성분은 본 연구에서 처음으로 가열 돼지간의 휘발성성분으로 동정되었다. 1-Octen-3-one, hexanol (E)-2-nonenal, (Z)-4-decenal, (E, E)-2, 4-heptadienal등은 특징적인 냄새를 나타내며, 돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 있어 중요한 화합물로 사료된다. 이들 alkanal, alkenal 및 alkanone류는 돼지간에 다량 함유된 불포화지방산의 산화 반응생성물로, 그 일부는 가열처리에의 한 분해생성물인 것으로 사료된다. The volatile compounds of porcin liver were collected by simultaneous distillation and extraction(SDE) and steam distillation under reduced pressure(SDR). the volatiles were anayzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The key aroma compounds of off-flavor in porcin liver were characterized using gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) technique. The concentrates of cooked porcin liver have odor of a typical liver, fishy and metallic off-flavor. The aroma concentrates showed over 90 peaks of which 70 compounds were completely and/or tentatively identified. 1-Octen-3-one, 1-hexanol, (E)-2 nonenal, (Z)-4-decenal, (E,E)-2,4- heptadienal and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal were newly identified in this study. These compounds seem to be produced from unsaturated fatty acids procine liver by oxidation. 1-Octen-3-one(metallic), 1-hexanol(metallic) and (EE)-2,4-heptadienal(fishy) have been implicated in fishy and metallic off-flavor cooked porcin liver.

초,중,고 학생과 예비 교사 및 초등 교사가 생각하는 과학자에 대한 이미지 분석

임성만 ( Sung Man Lim ),임재근 ( Jae Keun Lim ),최현동 ( Hyun Dong Choi ),양일호 ( Il Ho Yang ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2008 초등과학교육 Vol.27 No.1

다른 교과와 비교하여 과학 교과 학업성취도가 다른 학습자의 과학에 대한 선호도와 자아개념에 관한 사례 연구

임성만 ( Sung Man Lim ),이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),양일호 ( Li Ho Yang ) 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2011 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.17 No.1

이 연구는 질적 연구 접근을 통해 과학과 학업성취에 따른 학습자의 특성을 이해하는데 목적을 두었다. 이에 과학 교과의 학업성취가 다른 교과의 성취에 비해 높은 학생과 낮은 학생 간의 학습 자 특성은 어떠한가를 알아보았다. 초등학교 6학년 학생 중, 과학 과목의 성 적이 특별히 우수한 학생 4명과 다른 주요 교과목의 성적은 우수하나 과학 과목의 성적이 비교적 낮은 학생 4명의 총 8명의 학생을 정보 제공자로 선정하여 면담 하였다. 타교과보다 과학과의 학업성취가 우수한 집단의 학생들은 평소에도 학교 학습 이외의 과학 학습이나 과학 관련 경험이 지속적이고 의욕적으로 이뤄지고 있으나 타교과보다 과학 학업성취 수준이 낮은 학생들은 학교 밖에서의 과학 관련 활동이나 학습이 거의 이뤄지지 않고 있었다. 또 비록 과학 학습에 대한 가정의 관심이 높고 비교적 과학 관련 경험이 많더라도 과학 선호도나 과학 학습에 대한 가치 인식, 과학 학습 동기가 긍정적으로 갖춰지지 않거나 자발적인 학습이 아닌 경우, 과학과 학업성취가 낮은 경향을 보였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다른 주지 교과의 성적은 비슷하나, 과학 교과에 서 두드러진 학업성취 차이를 보이는 학생들에 대한 좀 더 깊은 이해를 도와줄 수 있다. 또 학교 과학 교육이 과학 적 지식이나 소양뿐 아니라 과학 학습 에 대한 동기, 가치를 보다 고려해야 할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. 학교 과학 교육에서의 이러한 접근은 학생들이 과 학을 배우고자 하는 자발적인 의욕을 갖도록 도울 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study was to understand learner`s characteristics by scientific academic achievement. The major research Question was as follow; What is the learner``s characteristics between high achievers and low achievers in scientific academic achievement. 8 informants in 6th grade were chosen. 4 students were superiors in science study, and 4 students were not superior in science study but were excellent in other main subjects. The superiors had continuous and self-directed experiences of science learning. Especially they taken a long time in contacting with science activities independently and deeply. Their interest, self-concept, preference and values about science were affirmative. But the low achievers had negative attitudes about science preference, values, and so on. Thus, these results showed that the superiors have higher learning motivation and learning readiness than the low achievers. These results indicate that the school science education needs to consider motivation, value, experience about science learning as well as scientific knowledge, literacy.

解放 以後 左右合作運動에 관한 硏究

임성만 건국대학교 1993 政治論叢 Vol.28 No.-

Headspace Solid-Phase Micriextreaction(HS-SPME)를 이용한 간의 비린내불쾌취에 기인하는 불포화지방산 산화생성물의 휘발성분

임성임,최성희 東義大學校 生活科學硏究所 2003 生活科學論集 Vol.7 No.-

간 및 간에 함유된 불포화지방산인 arachidonic, linolenic, linolecic 및 oleic acid의 철 이온 존재 하에서의 headspace 산화 반응생성물을 SPME법을 이용하여 포집, 분석하는 것에 의해 간이 함유된 불포화지방산의 산화생성물과 간의 비린내 불쾌취 형성과의 관련성을 검토하였다. SPME fiber중 불포화지방산의 headspace 산화생성물인 휘발성 알데히드류, 알코올류 및 지방산 등 대다수의 화합물을 검출에는 PDMS/DVB fiber가 적합하였다. 간의 headspace 산화생성물은 aiachdonic acid을 비롯한 간에 함유된 각 불포화지방산의 headspace 산화생성물과 일치하였으며, 간의 불쾌취 형성은 간에 함유된 불포화지방산의 산화로 생성되는 산화 반응생성물에 의한 것이 시사되었다. 간의 불쾌취를 형성하는 주요성분으로는, arachidonic acid에서 생성되어 간의 금속취를 형성하는 화합물로 생각되어지는 1-octen-3-one 및 hexanol과 linolenic acid에서 형성되어 간의 비린내를 형성하는 (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal이 그 원인물질인 것으로 사료된다. 산화에 의해 생성된 각 불포화지방산의 산화 반응생성물은 간의 불쾌취인 비린내, 금속취등을 생성하며, 주로 arachidonic acid 및 linolenic acid의 산화에 의해 생성된 산화 반응생성물에 의한 것으로 밝혀졌다. Headspace Solid-Phase Micriextraction(HS-SPME) was used to isolated the off-flavor volatile compounds, which are formed during the oxidation of porcine liver and unsaturated fatty acids in porcine liver induced by iron. three fibers for HS-SPME method development were tested, and the Polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene(PDMS/ DVB) fiber was selected as providing the best detection of analyzed compounds. In the oxidized arachidonic acid, the major compounds identified were haxanal, 1-octen-3-one(metallic), (Z)-4-heptenal, (E)-2-octenal, 1-octen-3-ol(mushroom), (Z)-2-nonenal(cardboard like), and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal(fatty, oily). In the oxidized linolenic acid, the major ones were (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal(fishy), (E,E)-3,5-octadien-2-one and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal. Moreover, those of the oxidized porcine liver with iron were hexanal, 1-octen-3-one, (Z)-4-heptenal, (E,Z)-2,4-decadienal and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal. These results showed that the fishy and metallic off-flavor in porcine liver were due to the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in porcin liver.

‘지층과 화석’단원에 대해 초등 예비 교사가 개발한 평가 문항 분석

임성만(Lim Sung Man) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.7

교사가 학생들의 학습 목표 도달 정도를 파악하기 위해 평가 문항을 개발하고 평가 결과를 해석하는 능력을 갖추는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이 연구는 미래 교사가 될 예비교사들이 갖고 있는 평가에 대한 관점을 구체적으로 알아보기 위한 것이었다. 연구를 위해 지층과 화석 단원을 선정하여 예비교사들에게 과학과 지필평가 문항과 수행평가 문항을 개발해보도록 하였다. 연구에 참여한 예비 교사들은 2016년 초등교사 양성 대학에 재학 중인 2학년 학생 28명이었다. 자료 수집은 과학교육방법론 을 통해 과학과 평가 에 대한 기본적인 소양을 학습한 후에 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 예비교사들은 내용영역에서는 지층의 정의, 지층의 생성, 퇴적암, 화석의 정의, 화석의 생성, 화석의 이용 등 다양한 내용으로 문항을 개발하였다. 또 문항 유형으로는 선택형 보다는 서답형의 문항을 많이 개발하였다. 대부분의 예비 교사는 탐구 문항보다는 지식을 확인하는 문항을 위주로 개발하였다. 특히 Klopfer의 분류체계에 따라 분석한 결과 지식과 이해 영역에 해당하는 문항들이 대부분이었다. 수행평가에서는 지층과 화석 이라는 단원의 특성에 맞게 관찰을 바탕으로 하는 실험 위주의 평가 문항을 개발하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 예비교사 양성 과정에서의 평가 문항 개발과 관련된 교육과정의 편성 및 기회 제공이 중요함을 시사해 주었다. It is very important for teachers to acquire the ability to interpret the evaluation results and the ability to develop an assessment item to determine the degree of achievement of students learning objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the perspective of the evaluation of the pre-service teachers who will be teacher in the future. For the study, stratum and fossil units were selected and the pre-service teachers were asked to develop science and paper evaluation items and performance evaluation items. The pre-service teachers were 28 second grade students attending elementary school teacher training college. And they took a course on Science Education , which teaches the whole contents of elementary school science in the first semester of the second grade, and was taking a course of Science education methodology to learn science teaching method in the second semester of the second grade. The data collection was done after learning basic knowledge about science and evaluation through science teaching methodology . As a result of the study, the pre-service teachers have developed various contents such as definition of strata, formation of strata, definition of sedimentary rock, fossil, generation of fossil, use of fossil in content area. Also pre-service teachers developed a lot of items selection type rather than supply type. Most of the pre-service teachers developed items that confirm students knowledge rather than inquiry items. Especially, according to Klopfer s classification system, most items corresponded to knowledge and understanding area. In performance evaluation, we were able to confirm that pre-service teachers had developed experiment oriented evaluation items based on the observation consist with the characteristics of the unit stratum and fossil . These results suggest that it is important to organize curriculum and provide opportunities related to the development of evaluation items in the process of training pre-service teachers.

Ⅲ급 부정교합 치료에 이용되는 Horseshoe appliance의 제작법 및 치료증례

양규호,임성이 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

The Horsehoe appliance was developed by Dr. Schwarz, and is used to correct sagittal reationships by elastic force in class Ⅲ malocclusion. Horseshoe appliance minimize the lower anterior facial height, allows reposition of mandible which is harmonious with soft tissues and muscle matrix of jaws, has advantage of good cooperation of patients, is easy to construct, and effectively is modified. In the patients who were treated with Hoorseshoe appliance, The following results were observed: 1. Forward growth of maxilla was enhanced, overgrowth of the mandible was blocked, and normal arch relationships was established. 2. Minimum downward and backward rotation of madible during use of this appliance was accepted with free sliding of the appliance and elastic force and so, increasing of lower anterior facial height was minimized. 3. Both labioversion of maxillary incisors and linguoversion of maxillary incisors and linguoversion of mandibular incisiors were observed.

교과대체형 STEAM(융합인재교육) 프로그램 개발 및 적용 후 학생들의 인식 분석 - 6학년 에너지 관련 단원을 중심으로 -

임성만,채동현,김은정,현동걸,김오범,한제준 대한지구과학교육학회 2014 대한지구과학교육학회지 Vol.7 No.1

In recent years, Korea encourages teachers to do STEAM education(Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts & Mathematics), which includes Arts to STEM education to train creative science technology talent. Related to this, we developed a subject substitute STEAM program for the 6th grade students in elementary school and applied it in a field. The STEAM program which substitutes contents in curriculum related to Energy unit was developed and it was taught to twenty four sixth grade students during regular classes. During the classes, all activities of students were observed and they were written in recording notes during the observation. After all STEAM program ended, how students recognize the subject substitute STEAM program compared to general class, understand learning contents and think about the program before and after the STEAM classes were analyzed through questionnaire and interviews. The results were as follows. First, some students had difficulty in reconciling different ideas in group, creative thinking and crafts but most students liked the STEAM classes because many activities are fun and it is easy to understand. Second, learners regarded practical use of knowledge, learning different subjects together and interests as the reasons they can understand learning contents easily during STEAM program. Third, learners recognized STEAM classes are good to understand knowledge, think creative ideas and improve social skills after the STEAM classes while they showed anticipation, worry and fear before taking the classes. It is found that a subjective substitute STEAM program is helpful to increase learners' interests in learning, understand learning contents, increase creativity and have a good personality through a qualitative research.