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유해화학물질 취급 중소사업장을 대상으로 한 맞춤형 교육 효과에 관한 연구
이효은,김민규,이봉우 한국산업융합학회 2022 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.6
Chemical accidents are increasing day by day as the industry develops. To prevent such chemical accidents, Korea enacted the Chemicals Control Act. Through these laws, systematic management of chemical substances began. There are various positions in the companies. hazardous chemical supervisors, equipment and technical human, operators and employees. Chemicals-related education for each position should be provided. As a result of the survey, hazardous chemical supervisors and equipment and technical human liked the overall content of the Chemicals Control Act and the education subject on safety management standards for facilities. Conversely, the operators liked the course on how to wear personal protective equipment. The employees preferred subjects such as classification of chemical substances and prevention of chemical accidents. Currently, various modular textbooks are widely available. Rather than general education, it is necessary to select and provide customized subjects that are preferred and interested according to the position. Then it will be more effective in understanding harzardous chemical substances and in preventing chemical accidents.
와인라벨에 활용된 아트 컬래버레이션이 소비자 구매의도에 미치는 영향
이효은,임경호 한국브랜드디자인학회 2017 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.1
기술이 빠르게 변화하고 향상됨에 따라 제품의 기능적인 측면은 점차 변별력을 잃어가고, 수준이 높아진 소비자들은 차별화된 제품을 구매하고자 한다. 이에 기업들은 아트 컬래버레이션(Art Collaboration) 마케팅을 통하여 제품의 가치와 경쟁력을 높이고 있다. 와인 업계 최근 몇 년 사이에 브랜드, 디자이너, 작가, 아티스트와의 아트 컬래버레이션을 한 제품을 선보이고 있다. 본 연구는 소비자가 아트 컬래버레이션이 적용된 와인라벨을 선호하는 요인을 파악하고, 구매의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 함에 연구 목적이 있다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 문헌연구 및 사례분석을 통하여 설문지 분석 방법으로 진행하였다. 그 결과 아트 컬래버레이션 와인라벨을 선호한 소비자는 심미성을 선호요인으로 가장 많이 선택했으며, 비(非)아트 컬래버레이션 와인라벨은 고급성으로 나타났다. 각 설문에서 아트 컬래버레이션은 심미성, 고급성, 특별함의 형용사 이미지가 대두됨을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 아트 컬래버레이션을 적용한 와인라벨 구매에 대해서는 긍정적 구매의향을 보였으나, 추천의향의 경우 구매의향보다는 우호적이지 않은 반응을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 아트 컬래버레이션을 활용한 와인라벨 디자인 진행은 단순한 아트 워크의 심미성뿐만 아니라, 제품의 고급스러움과 분위기를 고급스럽게 만들 수 있는 와인라벨 작업이 진행되어야 할 것이다. As techonolgy rapidly advances, the fucntional aspects of products have lost their competitive edge. Consumers' higher standards propel them to purchase differentiated goods. To satisfy the consumers’ purchasing desires, companies enhance the value and the competitiveness of products by art collaboration marketing. In recent years, the wine industry has released products collaborated with brands, designers, writers, and artists. The purpose of the research was to analyze why consumers prefer wines with the art-collaborated wine label, and to find the factors influencing the consumers' intentions. The questionnaire was utilized in order to reach the conclusions given in the literature research and case study. Results from the investigation showed that consumers who prefer art collaboration of wine label had the highest preference for aesthetics. Consumers who preferred non-art collaboration of wine label considered luxury as the highest preference. Aesthetics, luxury and uniqueness had the strongest connotation when consumers visualized art collaboration in the examples given. In addition, consumers were more receptive to purchasing art-collaborated wine labels. However, consumers were much more reluctant when recommendation intention. In conclusion, wine label designs should not only incorporate artwork focused on aesthetics but also a luxurious touch that gives the wine label an exclusive touch.
이효은,곡진진,최은혜,김존수 대한소아신경학회 2017 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.25 No.4
Purpose: We report sharp rise of incidence of mumps meningitis at our institute and describe the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and complications. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 34 patients with mumps meningitis at Eulji University Hospital from July 2012 to June 2014. They were diagnosed by definite parotid gland swelling and leukocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study. Results: Nineteen (55.9%) of the 34 patients with mumps meningitis were confirmed as positive by the mumps virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody in serum or CSF and the remaining 15 patients (44.1%) were classified as probable cases. We identified 31 boys and 3 girls clearly showing male predominance. The median age of the patients was 15.8 years and all patients were in the middle school and high school age group. Sixteen patients (47.1%) had unilateral mumps and 29 patients (85.3%) were diagnosed with meningitis after parotid swelling. Six patients (17.6%) were accompanied by testicular involvement and one (2.9%) showed hearing loss. The positivity of mumps virus specific IgM was 17 of 34 (50.0%) in serum and 4 of 34 (11.8%) in CSF. The total duration of illness including hospitalization was 5 to 21 days, median being 11 days. There was no serious neurologic deficit but 5 of 34 (14.7%) complained dizziness after discharge. It caused delay in back-to-work. Conclusion: It is worthy to notice that recent outbreak of mumps among adolescents are more complicated. We need to be more aggressive about prevention of mumps outbreak which bring on substantial socioeconomic loss. 목적: 최근 대전지역에서 집단 발생한 청소년 연령에서의 볼거리뇌수막염에 대한 임상적 특징을 분석하고자 한다. 방법: 2012년 7월부터 2014년 6월까지 을지대학교병원에서 볼거리뇌수막염으로 진단받은 34명을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 볼거리 감염환자와의 접촉, 뚜렷한 이하선 부종 및 혈청 또는 뇌척수액에서 볼거리 바이러스 특이 IgM 항체 유무, 그리고 뇌척수액내 백혈구 증가증 여부에 따라 진단하였다. 결과: 31명이 남자였고 3명이 여자로 남성 우세를 분명히 나타내었다. 환자의 중간 연령은 15.8세였고 모든 환자는 중학교 및 고등학교연령 그룹에 속하였다. 16명(47.1%)에서 일측성 유행성 이하선염이 있었고, 29명(85.3%)은 이하선 부종이후 뇌수막염으로 진단하였다. 모든 환자는 발열, 두통, 구역 또는 구토의 수막 자극 징후가 확인되었다. 6명(17.6%)은 고환염이 동반되었으며, 1명(2.9%)은 청력 소실이 발생하였다. 볼거리 바이러스 특이 IgM의 양성율은 혈청에서 총 34명중 17명(50.0%)이었으며, 뇌척수액에서는 34명 중 4명(11.8%)이었다. 입원기간을 포함한 질병의 총 지속 기간은 5일에서 21일이며 중앙값은 11일이었다. 중대한 신경학적 손상은 없었으나 퇴원 후 34명 중 5 명(14.7%)이 현기증을 호소하였고, 이로 인해 일상생활의 복귀가 지연되었다. 결론: 청소년 연령에서 발생한 최근의 볼거리 대유행은 좀 더 합병증이 동반되었다는 사실은 주목할 만하다. 상당한 사회경제적 손실을유발하는 볼거리 대유행에 대한 적극적인 예방이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
이효은,김율희,김승민,신하영 대한신경과학회 2016 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.12 No.4
Background and Purpose Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are widely used to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). Although AChEIs are usually tolerated well, some MG patients suffer from side effects. Furthermore, a small proportion of MG patients show cholinergic hy-persensitivity and cannot tolerate AChEIs. Because repetitive compound muscle action poten¬tials (R-CMAPs) are an electrophysiologic feature of cholinergic neuromuscular hyperactivi¬ty, we investigated the clinical characteristics of MG patients with R-CMAPs to identify their clinical usefulness in therapeutic decision-making. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and electrodiagnostic findings of MG patients who underwent electrodiagnostic studies and diagnostic neostigmine testing (NT). Results Among 71 MG patients, 9 could not tolerate oral pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and 17 experienced side effects of PB. R-CMAPs developed in 24 patients after NT. The high¬est daily dose of PB was lower in the patients with R-CMAPs (240 mg/day vs. 480 mg/day, p<0.001). The frequencies of PB intolerance and side effects were higher in the patients with R-CMAPs than in those without R-CMAPs [37.5% vs. 0% (p<0.001) and 45.8% vs. 12.8% (p=0.002), respectively]. The MG Foundation of America postintervention status did not dif¬fer significantly between MG patients with and without R-CMAPs, and the response to im¬munotherapy was also good in both groups. Conclusions Side effects of and intolerance to AChEIs are more common in MG patients with R-CMAPs than in those without R-CMAPs. AChEIs should be used carefully in MG pa¬tients with R-CMAPs. The presence of R-CMAPs after NT may be a good indicator of the risks of PB side effects and intolerance.
전염성근괴사증바이러스(IMNV)를 인위감염 시킨 흰다리새우(Litopenaeus vannamei)의 근육에서 나타난 미세 손상과 염증반응에 대한 조직병리학적 특성 연구
이효은,김영숙,장진현,천원주,최가영,Bambang Hanggono,김수미 한국어병학회 2022 한국어병학회지 Vol.35 No.2
We injected infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) to pacific whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and observed closely with using light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) for 4-8 days post infection (dpi). As clinical signs, abdominal bodies had mild opaque muscles at 5 dpi. And the mortality was shown at 6 dpi. At 8 dpi, most injected shrimps had severe opaque muscles and humped back that cause of movement disorder. As results of histopathological examinations, local parts of abdominal body muscle had muscle fiber hyalinization, muscle fiber atrophy, rounded muscle fibers, myofibrillar hypertrophy in size, a decrease in number of myofibrils and phagocytosis from the sarcolemmas by multiple hemocytes at 4 dpi. Especially, myofibrillar hypertrophy appeared at the whole or random part of single muscle fiber not in specific locations like the center or edge of muscle fiber. At 6-7 dpi, multiple muscle necrosis, muscle fiber segmentation, myofibril lysis appeared and a few hemocytes were infiltrated at lesions. At 8 dpi, extensive muscle necrosis, multiple myofibril lysis and muscle fiber atrophy were shown, and very few hemocytes were infiltrated. In early stage of infection, local viral myositis with zenker’s degeneration were shown. These lesions appeared multiply after the early stage. In late stage of infection, extensive coagulative muscle necrosis appeared with few of inflammatory response such as hemocytes infiltration. The lack of hemocytes infiltration response at the late stage might be disadvantage for Litopenaeus vannamei to defense against IMNV and to recover, because hematocytes (granulocyte, semi-granulocyte) eliminate pathogen and damaged tissues from infection sites and help recover. As results of the TEM observation, IMNVs that had nonenveloped icosahedral capsid which was 30-40 nm diameter were in myofibril and beside tubules of sarcoplasmic reticulum and moved to the certain direction. The micro-tears and micro-traumas in myofibrils caused muscle fiber necrosis. And semi-granulocytes engulfed IMNVs to eliminate virus.