자동통역을 위한 한국어 대화 문장의 화행 분석 모델

이현정,이재원,서정연(Hyunjung Lee),Jae-Won Lee,Jungyun Seo 한국정보과학회 1998 정보과학회논문지(B) Vol.25 No.10

화행 분석이란 대화 속에서의 문장의 화행을 알아내는 과정이다. 이러한 화행 분석 과정은 대화에 대한 분석을 필요로 하는 여러 응용에서 요구되는 부분이다. 기존의 일반적인 대화처리 과정에서 사용되었던 계획 기법을 이용한 화행 분석은 담화 지식이 복잡한 영역 지식과 혼합되어 있어서 확장성이 떨어진다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 통역에 있어서의 대화 모델은 일반적인 모델과는 달리 대화를 완전히 이해 할 필요가 없고, 그 응용의 특성상 견고성이 요구되므로 이를 위한 확장성이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 통역에 사용될 수 있는 화행 분석 모델을 제안한다. 이러한 화행 분석 과정에서 담화 지식을 재귀적 대화 전이망으로 표현하여 담화 처리를 단순화하여 확장성이 높은 화행 분석 모델을 제안하였다. Korean speech act analysis is a process of finding the speech act of a Korean sentence in a dialogue. It is an essential part for various applications related to dialogue analysis. Previous plan-based approaches on speech act analysis use lots of domain knowledge combined with discourse knowledge. Although such approaches can make relatively correct analysis in the process of understanding dialogues, they are difficult to be scaled-up. Since a dialogue machine translation system should be robust, we propose a different speech act analysis model that can be more easily scaled-up with the expense of losing complete understanding of dialogues. This kind of trade-off is quite reasonable since machine translation usually does not require complete understanding of an utterance for translation. The proposed model separates discourse knowledge from domain plan and represents discourse knowledge in a form of Recursive Dialogue Transition Network (RDTN). By ignoring domain plans, it becomes more robust and easy to be scaled-up.

연생연금보험의 장수리스크에 관한 연구

오창수 ( Changsu Ouh ),이현정 ( Hyunjung Lee ) 한국계리학회 2017 계리학연구 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구에서는 미래사망률의 추정에 자주 사용되는 Lee-Carter(LC)모형을 이용하여 미래사망률을 산출하고, 제8회 경험생명표 적용 대비 보험사에서 판매하는 연생형 연금보험에서의 준비금을 기준으로 장수리스크 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 산출결과 주피보험자 40세(남자)일 때 현행 준비금 대비 장수리스크를 고려한 준비금 증가비율(V_LR^LC)이 단생형 7.842%, 연생형 8.358%로 분석되어, 연생형 연금보험에서 장수리스크가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 연생형 연금보험에서는 주피보험자 및 종피보험자의 사망률로 산출된 연금이 지급되므로, 주피보험자 및 종피보험자의 사망률 개선영향을 받기 때문이다. 또한, 연생형 연금보험에서는 주피보험자 및 종피보험자의 연령차가 클수록 총 연금지급기간이 길어지기 때문에 장수리스크는 증가하는 반면에, 연금지급 보증기간이 길수록 사망률에 영향을 받지 않는 연금지급기간이 길어 장수리스크는 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. Longevity risk is the risk the insurance company has to implement cash flow for the future as the mortality has improved under the Solvency Ⅱ. In this paper, the longevity risk is calculated in joint and last survivor annuity product applying the mortality from Lee-Carter model(LCM) comparing from the one from the 8th experience mortality table(EMT). We show estimation parameters of LC model using Korean mortality data from year 2001 to 2015. Longevity risk of joint and last survivor annuity was 8.358% of Best Estimate Liability(BEL) by the 8th experience morality table(EMT) while longevity risk of single life annuity was 7.842% of BEL by the 8th experience morality table(EMT). This is because in joint and last survivor annuity the mortality of both the insured and the second insured affects the payment of annuity. The mortality improvement influences both the insured and the second insured in joint and last survivor life annuity but in the single annuity the morality of the insured is the only factor affected. We also see the change of longevity risk as the discount rate, age, the gap of ages between the insured and the second insured and the different annuity payment guaranteed period so on.

지하수위 변동에 따른 고속철도 콘크리트궤도의 침하 영향 검토

이현정(Hyunjung Lee),최영태(Yeong-Tae Choi),이일화(Ilwha Lee),이민수(Minsoo Lee),이태규(TaeGyu Lee) 한국철도학회 2017 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.20 No.2

치매마을에 나타난 바이오필릭 디자인 개념의 공간적 표현특성 연구

이현정 ( Lee Hyunjung ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.1

(연구배경 및 목적) 인구의 고령화는 전 세계적 현상이며 초고령사회의 진입을 앞두고 있는 대한민국도 여러 가지 사회 문제들이 나타났다. 대표적 현상인 치매의 유병률 증가로 치매 인구수가 급증하고 있다. 그러나 다양한 가치관과 라이프스타일 등의 급격한 변화는 더 이상 환자를 가족이 전적으로 도맡기는 현실적으로 어렵다는 인식하에 새로운 개념의 치매시설이 요구되고 있다. 사회와 격리되어 자유와 일상이 제한된 기존 시설의 문제점을 극복하기 위한 해결책으로 바이오필릭 디자인의 필요성이 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 자연과 상호작용을 통해 다양한 감각적 체험과 안정감을 주는 바이오필릭 디자인 개념의 관점으로 공간적 특성을 규명하여 치매마을 계획의 건축적 시사점을 제시하는 것에 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 마을형 치매시설을 연구의 범위로 한정하고 해외의 치매마을 4곳을 선정하였다. 선행연구를 바탕으로 치매마을과 바이오필릭 디자인의 개념을 고찰한다. 바이오필릭 디자인과 치매마을의 상관성을 통해 공간적 특성과 세부 요소들을 도출한다. 도출한 요소들을 통해 치매마을을 분석하였다. (결과) 치매마을에 나타나는 3가지 공간적 특성으로 자연 체험성, 자연 모방성, 상호작용성을 도출하였다. 첫째, 자연 체험성은 자연의 직접적 체험으로 세부 요소는 시각적 연결, 비시각적 연결, 빛으로 구분한다. 자연 체험성은 높게 나타난 공간적 특성으로 자연의 시각적 체험뿐 아니라 촉각, 청각 등 비시각적 연결의 요소가 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 자연 모방성은 자연의 간접 체험으로 세부 요소는 자연 이미지, 자연 재료, 인공환경이다. 자연 모방성의 공간적 특성은 중위 수준으로 나타났으나 세부 요소 중 자연 이미지는 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 상호작용성의 요소는 애착 환경, 사회성, 안전성이다. 모든 사례에서 상위수준의 강도를 나타낸 공간적 특성이다. 공간적 표현특성의 세부 요소 중에는 비시각적 연결, 애착 감성, 빛, 사회성의 요소가 상위수준의 강도가 나타난다는 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. (결론) 연구 결과, 바이오필릭 디자인 개념은 단순한 치료 차원의 접근이 아닌 인간의 의미 있고 존엄한 삶에 대한 실천영역으로서 치매마을의 핵심 개념이라는 것을 가시적으로 확인할 수 있었다. 바이오필릭 디자인 개념의 특성을 통해 치매 환자뿐만 아니라 가족과 종사자에게도 삶의 질을 높여 주는 환경을 만들기 위한 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대해 본다. (Background and Purpose) The aging population is a global phenomenon, and various social problems have emerged in Korea, which is about to enter a super-aged society. The number of dementia population is increasing rapidly due to the increase in the prevalence of dementia, a representative phenomenon. However, a new concept of dementia facilities is required under the recognition that rapid changes in various values and lifestyles are no longer practical for families to take full charge of patients. The need for biophilic design is suggested as a solution to overcome the problems of existing facilities that are isolated from society and have limited freedom and daily life. In this study, the purpose of the study is to identify spatial characteristics from the perspective of the biophilic design concept, which gives various sensory experiences and stability through interaction with nature, and to present architectural implications of the dementia village plan. (Method) Four dementia villages overseas were selected after limiting the village-type dementia facilities to the scope of the research. Based on prior research, the concept of dementia village and biophilic design is considered. Through the correlation between biophilic design and dementia village, spatial characteristics and detailed elements are derived. The dementia village was analyzed through the factors derived. (Results) Three spatial characteristics of dementia villages are derived: natural experience, natural imitation, and interaction. First, nature experience is a direct experience of nature, and the detailed elements are divided into visual connections, non-visual connections, and light. Natural experience is a highly visible spatial characteristic that it can be seen that elements of non-visual connections such as touch and hearing are important as well as visual experiences of nature. Second, nature imitability is an indirect experience of nature, and the detailed elements are natural images, natural materials, and artificial environments. The spatial properties of natural imitability have been shown to be median, but we can see that natural images among the detailed elements are high. Third, the elements of interaction are attachment environment, sociality, and safety. It is a spatial characteristic of higher levels of strength in all cases. Among the detailed elements of spatial expression characteristics, we could confirm that elements of non-visual connectivity, attachment sensitivity, light, and sociality show higher levels of strength. (Conclusions) Studies have shown that the concept of biophilic design is not just a treatment-level approach, but a key concept in the dementia village as an area of practice for meaningful and dignified human life. Through the characteristics of the biophilic design concept, we hope that it will be used as a basic data to create an environment that improves the quality of life not only for dementia patients but also for families and workers.

센서 네트워크에서 멀티미디어 데이터를 위한 에너지 효율적인 데이터 압축 전송 기법

이현정(Hyunjung Lee),박준호(Junho Park),성동욱(Dongook Seong),유재수(Jaesoo Yoo) 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.2D

최근 무선 센서 네트워크는 멀티미디어 센서 노드를 활용하여 음성 데이터나 영상 데이터 등과 같은 멀티미디어 데이터 수집을 바탕으로 고품질의 환경 모니터링에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 기존 응용과 달리 멀티미디어 데이터는 크기가 매우 크기 때문에 기존의 데이터 전송 방법을 적용 시킬 경우 데이터를 수집하는 과정에서 특정 노드에 과도한 에너지 소모가 발생하기 때문에 전체 네트워크 수명이 단축되는 문제점이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 실제 센서 네트워크의 환경을 고려하여 멀티미디어 데이터 전송을 위한 에너지 효율적인 데이터 압축 전승 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 중국인의 나머지 정리와 경유 노드의 잔여 에너지를 고려하여 멀티미디어 데이터를 분할 하고 압축하여 데이터 전송랑을 감소시킨다. 성능 평가 결과 제안하는 기법은 기존 기법에 비해 전체 데이터 전송량이 평균 약 71% 감소하였고 수행 라운드에 따른 생존 노드 비율이 최대 약 188% 증가하였다.

영화적 대본1)의 연극연출 방법-공연 ≪일리아드≫를 중심으로-

이현정 ( Lee Hyunjung ) 한국연극교육학회 2020 연극교육연구 Vol.37 No.-

During the early- and mid-20th century, numerous theatre plays and musicals were transfered to screens for their superior quality in terms of dramatic structure and spectacles. The forte and splendor of live performances inspired filmmakers and general audiences who wanted recapture the magic of the stage on screen. In the 21st century, however, the tide has turned the other way. Less and less theatre pieces were adapted into film versions as traditional theatrical languages and expressions has lost their upper hands to more advanced and versatile technology of cinematography. The expansion of multiple platforms such as on streaming services, cable programs as well as traditional TV and cinema venues occupied majority of drama market pushing stage productions to marginal rim of drama industry. Since the previous century, there have been pioneers in theatre who committed themselves to differentiate the aesthetics of theatre from realistic cinemas. Bertolt Brecht, for example, aside from his ideological backgrounds, developed a new non-Aristotelian theatre which revolutionized the dramatic structure and stagecraft which expanded the limit of theatre space into a new dimension of dramatic flexibility and liberated theatrical imagination. Furthermore, under the influence of cinematic storytelling today, contemporary theatre practitioners also began to probe and experiment new methods to stage more challenging cinematic scripts which usually breaks the rule of the unity of action, place, and time. Directing a theatrical adaptation of Homeros’ great epic poem 『Iliad』 was a challenging effort to put 24 books onto stage preserving its original scale and multiple story lines. While a film like ≪Troy≫ edits out many aspects of the poem and follows Achilles as major tragic hero in the way of classical(Aristotelian) Greek tragedies, my stage rendering of ≪Iliad≫ paradoxically aimed to capture multiple levels of characters, actions, and complex flow of the original epic poem by making the most of theatrical flexibilities and expressive potentials in three ways. The Problem of Plot Structure and Directorial Solution: As Aristotle puts it, the epic poem differs from the tragedy (drama) in that the former has a greater length, simultaneous incidents, loosely connected episodes with multiple characters’ journeys, and many different locations (more akin to cinematic structure). Unlike tragedy, which focuses on a single tragic hero, an epic structure prefers a story itself. Likewise, my stage version of ≪Iliad≫ adopts more cinematic approaches. Actors as ‘storytellers’ start reading the poem and gradually walk into the unabridged narrative of Iliad as characters. At the end of the play, they return to actors/storytellers to make comments on the destiny of each character and the story in general. The last spectacular leaps and shouts of actors/characters disappear in blackout and there is only a book left on stage when the light comes back. Directing highlights book-story-epic narrative over traditional hero-centered drama. The Problem of Stage and Space: The greatest challenge for directing cinematic script is to deal with multiple scene changes without losing seamless flow and tempo. Furthermore, it required separated spaces, Olympus above and earthly battlefield below, and the latter should provide an empty stage for flexible staging for multiple locations and quick changes. Building a sizable and solid set for each scene was not an option. The stage designer used motifs of the ancient Greek pillars and set up 2 of the bigger ones on the Olympus (2^nd Floor) and 2 smaller ones on the stage. The smaller ones reveal battle-stricken skeletons inside. This symbolic pillar units contributed to integrating two different levels of worlds and enforcing the main theme. Six to eight iron cubes of different sizes were of great help for our physical theatre since they can be handled easily by actors as bed, camps, rocks towers, caskets and others as needed without any interruption. Overall design of space also aimed to make the most of the architecture of CJ Azit, whose architecture is very peculiar and resistant to traditional type of staging. The Problem of Actors, Characters, and Costumes Staging of ≪Iliad≫ requires many characters on cinematic scale. All 14 actors took the roles of minimum 7 to 8 characters. Actors, all trained in diverse physical theatres and Viewpoints, developed a series of stylistic gestures and movements for gods, evil spirits and so on. Costume design was made in a way that actors can change their costumes onstage instantly with minimum number of handy props and accessories. The 21^st century is characterized by cinematic imagination with cinematic tempo. Culture of drama has shifted from literature-centered to video-centered. As Marie-Anne Charbonnier warns, the modern theatre may lose its vitality obsessed with capturing ‘daily, common, vivid human relationships as it is.’ The glory of 20^th century theatre legacy faces the greatest challenge of survival in a new era of film pouring out of multi platforms. There have been some heroic efforts of theatre practitioners, however, who dream to explore a new horizon of theatre. The gap between a new theatre and the fundamental theatre may not be wide as we assume. A breakthrough to form a new theatre in the 21^st century must and will be found from our great theatrical inheritance, not in emulation of film media. Directing ≪Iliad≫ was a such a step towards the new horizon dreaming new possibilities. It will be a great honor and joy if this case study is used as a stepping stone to further such experiments by other thespians.

웹사이트 화면디자인의 시각요소와 스타일 분석

이현정(Lee, HyunJung),이지수(Lee, JiSoo) 한국디자인학회 2002 디자인학연구 Vol.- No.45

부인암 환자의 하지 림프부종 예방과 관리를 위한 간호실무 프로토콜 개발

이현정(Lee, Hyunjung),전나미(Chun, Nami),노기옥(Noh, Gieok),송현주(Song, Hyunju),김주현(Kim, Juhyun),하수미(Ha, Sumi) 대한종양간호학회 2018 Asian Oncology Nursing Vol.18 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the lower extremity lymphedema nursing practice protocol for patients following gynecologic cancer treatment. Methods: Thirteen web-sites were searched for eligible clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and eleven databases were searched to identify evidence to develop a lower extremity lymphedema nursing practice protocol for patients following gynecologic cancer treatment. Results: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight CPGs and ninety-six studies, two guidelines and eight studies were identified as evidence. The protocol development group consisted of ten experts who have at least five years’ experience in the related area. A lower extremity lymphedema nursing practice protocol for patients following gynecologic cancer treatment was developed including forty-three recommendations in five domains. Significant differences were found in nurses’ pre and post knowledge and confidence on lower extremity lymphedema prevention and management. Conclusion: Nurses and other professionals could utilize this evidence based lower extremity lymphedema nursing practice protocol and apply it to patients undergoing gynecologic cancer treatment.

농가의 6차산업화 활동 참여 유형 및 성과 결정요인 분석

이현정(Hyunjung Lee),김관수(Kwansoo Kim),안동환(Donghwan An) 한국농업경제학회 2017 農業經濟硏究 Vol.58 No.3

This study analyzes the factors that affect farmers’ decision on the type of 6th industrialization activities. A special attention has been paid to the degree to which the types of 6th industrialization affect farm income. Our results show that urban-rural return migration and the number of visitors at local festivals are positively related with participating all types of the 6th industrialization activities. The gender of household head and major crop are found to affect farmers’ choice of the types in different ways. Cultivation experience, the regional rate of participation in 6th industrialization, and information accessability tend to encourage farm households to choose activities related to direct marketing and farm restaurants. We also found that diversification strategies in the 6th industrialization activities are likely to increase farm income, validating positive outcomes of the 6th industrialization policies.

농가의 6차산업화 활동 참여 유형 및 성과 결정요인 분석

이현정 ( Hyunjung Lee ),김관수 ( Kwansoo Kim ),안동환 ( Donghwan An ) 한국농업경제학회 2017 KOREAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS(KJAT) Vol.58 No.3

This study analyzes the factors that affect farmers’ decision on the type of 6^th industrialization activities. A special attention has been paid to the degree to which the types of 6^th industrialization affect farm income. Our results show that urban-rural return migration and the number of visitors at local festivals are positively related with participating all types of the 6^th industrialization activities. The gender of household head and major crop are found to affect farmers’ choice of the types in different ways. Cultivation experience, the regional rate of participation in 6^th industrialization, and information accessability tend to encourage farm households to choose activities related to direct marketing and farm restaurants. We also found that diversification strategies in the 6^th industrialization activities are likely to increase farm income, validating positive outcomes of the 6^th industrialization policies.