반말체 어미 ‘-게’의 의미기능 연구

이한민 ( Lee Han-min ),조은영 ( Cho Eun-young ) 국어학회 2015 국어학 Vol.74 No.-

본고는 조은영·이한민(2011)에서 정리하였던 연결어미에서 종결어미화된 ‘-게’의 의미기능과 문법화 과정의 연장선상에서 추가적인 ‘-게’의 용법으로 [가정]과 [추측유도]의 의미기능을 살피고자 하였다. [가정] ‘-게’구문은 조건절인 선행절과 결과절인 후행‘-게’절로 구성되며, 선행절의 부정을 이끄는 반어적 진술의 수사의문문으로 사용된다. [가정] ‘-게’는 선어말어미 ‘-었-’이 결합할 수 있는 점, 후행 ‘-게’절이 단독으로 쓰일 수 없는 점, 의미적으로 후행절의 내용이 선행절을 강조하는 기능을 한다는 점에서 [완료결과] ‘-게’와 연관성을 보인다. [추측유도] ‘-게’구문은 화자가 알고 있는 어떠한 사실에 대하여 청자의 ‘추측을 유도’하는 발화에서 사용되며, 설명의문문 형식이나 선택의문문 형식으로 쓰이지만, 청자로부터 신정보를 얻기 위한 질문으로는 사용되지 않는다. [추측유도] ‘-게’절은 선어말어미 ‘-었-’이 결합할 수 있는 점, 이미 이루어진 상황 혹은 확정된 사실에 대한 것이라는 점에서 [완료결과] ‘-게’와 유사한 의미를 보인다. 그러나 단독으로 사용될 수 있는 구문인지, 발화의 초점이 ‘-게’절에 있는지의 여부에서 차이를 보인다. [가정]은 [완료결과]와 통사적, 의미적으로 비슷한 부분이 많고, [완료결과]와 동일한 형식의 문장이 [가정]의 쓰임을 보이는 과도기적 형태도 존재한다. 따라서 [가정]은 [완료결과] 이후에 연결될 수 있는 단계로 볼 수 있다.[추측유도]의 경우에는 [완료결과], [가정]과 통사적, 의미적으로 공통적인 부분이 있지만, 조은영·이한민(2011)에서 정리한 종결어미 ‘-게’의 단계별 의미기능과 함께 다룰 수 있을지에 대해서는 결론을 내리지 못하였다. [추측유도]가 연결어미 ‘-게’에서 문법화한 종결어미가 아니라 다른 기원을 갖는 ‘-게’의 의미기능일 수도 있다는 가능성도 열어 두어야 할 것이다. 다만, [추측유도] ‘-게’가 공시적인 쓰임에서 연결어미 ‘-게’에서 문법화한 종결어미의 의미기능들과 연관성을 가지는 것은 분명하다. This paper tries to figure out the additory usage of final ending ‘-ge’―the semantic function of [supposition] and [assumption inducement]― as an extension to the grammaticalization process of final ending ‘-ge,’ originated from a connective ending ‘-ge’ organized by Cho, Eun-Young & Lee, Han-Min (2011). The sentence structure of [supposition] ‘-ge’ is consisted of the antecedent clause, which is a conditional clause, and the following clause ‘-ge’ clause, and is used as a rhetorical interrogative of an ironic statement denying the antecedent clause. It also shows some correlation with [completion result] ‘-ge’, considering the fact that ‘-ge’ can be combined with the tense prefinal ending ‘-eoss-’, and that following ‘-ge’ clause cannot be used by itself, and that the following clause can emphasize the antecedent clause semantically. The sentence structure of [assumption inducement] ‘-ge’ is often used when inducing a listener to make an assumption of a matter that a speaker already knows. However, it is not used as a question to get a new information from the listener although it may be used in a form of a wh-question or an alternative question. [Assumption inducement] ‘-ge’ clause shows some similar meaning with that of a [completion result] ‘-ge’ clause regarding the fact that it can be combined with the tense prefinal ending ‘-eoss-’ and that this clause is about something that has already happened or determined. However, it shows some differences in that whether this sentence structure can be used alone or its focus point of utterance is on ‘-ge’ clause itself. There exists several similarities between [supposition] and [completion result] in syntactic and semantic context, in addition to a transitional phase in which a sentence is used as a [supposition] clause when sentence structures exhibit identical features to [completion result]. Thus, it can be seen that [supposition] is a connecting stage following the [completion stage]. In case of [assumption inducement], there exists several similarities between [assumption inducement], [completion result] and [supposition] in syntactic and semantic context. However, the authors were not able to draw a definitive conclusion as to whether [assumption inducement] can be dealt with changing meanings of semantic functions of final ending ‘-ge,’ organized in Cho, Eun-Young & Lee, Han-Min (2011). Thus, there is an implied possibility that [Assumption inducement] may not be a grammaticalized final ending ‘-ge’ but that of different origins with dissimilar semantic functions. In the synchronic use, however, it is certain that [assumption result] ‘-ge’ has a definitive correlation with semantic functions of final endings that are grammaticalized in the connective ending ‘-ge.’

전기철도 전력저장시스템 동향

이한민,Lee, Han-Min 한국조명전기설비학회 2006 조명.전기설비 Vol.20 No.2

중거리지대공 유도무기체계 적용을 위한 가시선 분석 알고리듬 연구

이한민,Lee, Han-Min 한국군사과학기술학회 2010 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.13 No.4

LOS analysis is used for optimal deployment of mid-range guided weapon system or system engagement effectiveness simulation. Comparing to real-world, LOS analysis includes error sources such as coarse terrain data resolution, refraction of radio waves, and several ideal assumptions. In this research, exact LOS algorithm under assumption of constant earth curvature and error analysis of that is investigated. It proved that LOS algorithm under assumption of constant earth curvature has negligible error in mid-range guidance weapon system's scope.

고온 불활성 기체 분위기에서 아산화질소 열분해 및 반응속도에 관한 연구

이한민,윤재근,홍정구,Lee, Han Min,Yun, Jae Geun,Hong, Jung Goo 한국분무공학회 2020 한국액체미립화학회지 Vol.25 No.3

N₂O is hazardous atmosphere pollution matter which can damage the ozone layer and cause green house effect. There are many other nitrogen oxide emission control but N₂O has no its particular method. Preventing further environmental pollution and global warming, it is essential to control N₂O emission from industrial machines. In this study, the thermal decomposition experiment of N₂O gas mixture is conducted by using cylindrical reactor to figure out N₂O reduction and NO formation. And CHEMKIN calculation is conducted to figure out reaction rate and mechanism. Residence time of the N₂O gas in the reactor is set as experimental variable to imitate real SNCR system. As a result, most of the nitrogen components are converted into N2. Reaction rate of the N₂O gas decreases with N₂O emitted concentration. At 800℃ and 900℃, N₂O reduction variance and NO concentration are increased with residence time and temperature. However, at 1000℃, N₂O reduction variance and NO concentration are deceased in 40s due to forward reaction rate diminished and reverse reaction rate appeared.

망막대동맥류 파열과 함께 발생한 전층황반원공

이한민(Han Min Lee),이성복(Sung Bok Lee),김정열(Jung Yeul Kim),조영준(Young Joon Jo) 대한검안학회 2015 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: To report a case of full thickness macular hole associated with rupture of retinal arterial macroaneurysm. Case summary: A 84-year-old female presented with 1-week history of decreased vision in the left eye. She had poorly controlled hypertension. On the initial examination, the best corrective visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.8 in the right eye and finger count 30 cm in the left eye. Both eyes had nucleoscleosis and cortical opacity. A fundus examination detected a sub-internal limiting membrane (ILM) premacular hemorrhage and small vitreous hemorrhage with a subretinal hemorrhage. Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography revealed a hot spot of retinal arterial macroaneurysm at superotemporal branch retinal artery. Hourglass patterned hemorrhage related with retinal arterial macroaneurysm was diagnosed. 23 gauge vitrectomy was performed to remove sub-ILM hemorrhage and if needed and possible, removal of subretinal hemorrhage was planned. After core vitrectomy, sub-ILM hemorrhage was confirmed, and partial ILM peeling was done. After removal of sub-ILM hemorrhage, full thickness macular hole was observed. More ILM was peeled, fluid gas exchange was done. Anatomic closure of the macular hole was achieved after the operation and was confirmed by optical coherence tomography examination. Two months after surgery, her vision had improved to 0.3. Conclusions: Macular hole which found during surgery was associated with rupture of retinal arterial macroaneurysm. A full-thickness macular hole occurred at the same time as retinal arterial macroaneurysm ruptured. Early surgery should be considered for retinal arterial macroaneurysm casuing all layers retinal hemorrhages need early surgery

공막경유 다이오드레이저 섬모체광응고술이 시력에 미치는 영향

이한민(Han Min Lee),김경남(Kyong Nam Kim),김창식(Chang Sik Kim) 대한안과학회 2015 대한안과학회지 Vol.56 No.11

목적: 난치성 녹내장 환자에 시행한 공막경유 다이오드레이저 섬모체광응고술이 시력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 공막경유 다이오드레이저 섬모체광응고술을 시행하고 6개월 이상 추적관찰이 가능했던 148명 148안의 의무기록을 후향 적으로 분석하였으며, 시술 전 시력이 ‘광각 있음’ 이상인 49명(1군)과 ‘광각 없음’이었던 99명(2군)으로 분류하여 섬모체광응고술 후 시력 변화를 포함한 임상결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 추적관찰 기간은 1군은 19.1 ± 13.5개월, 2군은 16.7 ± 12.7개월이었다. 1군과 2군에서 안압( p <0.001), 안압하강제의 수( p <0.001)는 유의하게 감소하였다. 전체 환자에서 시술 전 최대교정시력은 2.4 ± 0.9 logMAR에서 시술 후 2.5 ± 0.8 logMAR로 유의한 변화는 없었지만( p =0.612), 1군에서는 1.4 ± 1.0 logMAR에서 1.9 ± 1.1 logMAR로 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다( p <0.001). 1군의 31안(63.3%)에서는 시술 후 0.2 logMAR 이상의 시력저하가 관찰되었고, 이들 중 15안(30.6%)에서는 광각소실이 발생하였다. 전체 환자에서 합병증으로는 각막부종이 5안(3.4%)에서 관찰되었고, 안구로, 만성 저안압이 각각 3안(2.0%), 포도막염이 2안(1.4%)에 서 발생하였다. 결론: 난치성 녹내장 환자에서 공막경유 다이오드레이저 섬모체광응고술은 안압하강 목적으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있지만 시력이 있는 환자에서는 유의한 시력저하를 유발할 수 있다는 점을 염두에 두어야 하겠다. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of trans-scleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (TSDLC) on best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with refractory glaucoma. Methods: The medical records of 148 eyes of 148 patients with refractory glaucoma who were followed-up for over 6 months af-ter TSDLC were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 49 eyes of 49 subjects who had BCVA greater than no light perception (NLP) before TSDLC were classified as Group 1 and the other 99 eyes of 99 patients who had NLP vision were classified as Group 2. The outcomes of TSDLC including change in BCVA following surgery were analyzed for all patients and 49 subjects. Results: The mean follow-up period in Group 1 was 19.1 ± 13.5 months and 16.7 ± 12.7 months in Group 2. The intraocular pres-sure (IOP) and the number of IOP lowering medications decreased in both groups (both p < 0.001). In all subjects, there was no significant difference between BCVA before surgery and at the last follow-up (2.4 ± 0.9 log MAR and 2.5 ± 0.8 log MAR, re-spectively, p = 0.612). However, in Group 1, BCVA was decreased from 1.4 ± 1.0 to 1.9 ± 1.1 log MAR after the TSDLC (p < 0.001). In those patients, visual loss ≥ 0.2 log MAR was found in 31 eyes (63.3%) and light perception was lost in 15 eyes (30.6%). After treatment, corneal edema developed in 5 eyes (3.4%), phthisis bulbi and chronic hypotony occurred in 3 eyes each (2%) and iri-docydlitis occurred in 2 eyes (1.4%). Conclusions: TSDLC in patients with refractory glaucoma showed an efficient reduction in IOP and the number of IOP-lowering medications. However, there was a significant loss in BCVA in many patients and therefore, careful monitoring regarding poten-tial visual loss is necessary when considering TSDLC in glaucoma patients with useful vision.

차음 성능을 최적화한 자동차용 저중량 플로어카펫

이한민(Han-min Lee),모형규(Hyung-kyu Mo),손교은(Kyo-eun Son) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2017 No.11

전기철도시스템의 저탄소 녹색성장을 위한 에너지저장시스템에 관한 연구

이한민(Han-Min Lee),김길동(Gil-Dong Kim) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.7

The recent environmental protection trend requires more strict energy saving, therefore every transportation system should reduce energy consumption to the minimum value. High-efficiency operation system, energy saving and CO₂ emissions shall be addressed as important issue in railway system. These issues are the most essential factors of railway, compared to major public transportation system. Recently, saving energy in the electric railway system has been studied. For such new energy saving, the energy storage system is considered for saving energy. Energy saving is possible by efficient use of regenerated energy. Regenerated energy is recycled amongst vehicles by mean of charge and discharge corresponding to powering and braking of electric vehicle operations. This energy saving contributes to cut CO₂ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling regenerated energy demonstrate significant effect on peak cut of consumption energy in railway substation. Absorption of excess energy avoids regeneration failure due to high traction voltage. Therefore, the energy storage system is needed to be adopted to use regeneration energy when the vehicle is braking.

차세대전동차 대차단위 제동시스템 강인제어 알고리즘에 관한 연구

이한민(Lee Han Min),김길동(Kim Gil Dong),이장무(Lee Chang Mu) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11월

The brake control system is designed using the adaptive sliding mode control scheme to realize a robust anti-slip brake control. From the result of computer simulations, improvement of braking performance is verified. On the other hand, the pneumatic brake systems for railway rolling stocks contain uncertainties such as compressibility of the air, elastic deformation of the caliper, and variation of friction coefficient between brake disk and pad which is concerned with the rising temperature and protrusion of the disk surface caused by the wear or being invaded foreign substance. In this study, the reference velocity of the rolling stocks during braking time is set by considering design parameters of the rolling stock. The model following control method is proposed for the reference velocity tracking. The feed-forward control input is calculated using the value of being measured deceleration. The sliding mode controller is used as a feed-back controller of model following controller. From the results of computer simulations, it is proven that proposed model following controller can compensate the uncertainties in the pneumatic brake system, especially the variation of friction coefficient between brake disk and pad.

아밀라제를 생성하는 소세포성 폐암

이한민 ( Han Min Lee ),송영구 ( Young Gu Song ),박태병 ( Tae Byung Park ),황성철 ( Sung Chul Hwang ),이이형 ( Yi Hyeong Lee ),한명호 ( Myung Ho Hahn ),임현이 ( Hyun Ee Yim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1997 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.44 No.3