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순천향대학교 글쓰기 교재 연구- 개편 전후 비교를 중심으로
이청 한국교양교육학회 2016 교양교육연구 Vol.10 No.1
This study aims to understand recent trends in the field of writing textbooks by conducting a comparative analysis on a revised textbook of Soonchunhyang University that had lately revised a writing textbook and their pre-revised textbook. In order to analyze the textbooks, the study used an evaluation reference that has been basically divided into forms, systems and contents. In conclusion, as regarding how the pre-revised textbook 『Theories and Reality of Writing』 lacks reading materials and these contents about academic writing, which has been always pointed out as the biggest problem, as what has to be revised, the study confirmed that in terms of a new textbook titled 『Thinking and Expression』, it is described with this difference that the textbook deals with a variety of reading materials and contents about academic writing. Other than that, it will be learned that the revised textbook has made these original challenges such as applying practice problems, including a supplement to teach self-initiated writing and others. In addition, as for how a class has focused only on writing and speaking, the study found out that in a process of textbook revision, speaking, in other words, ‘presentation and discussion’, has been additionally added to the class. When it comes to the most noticeable change revealed through the textbook analysis, the new textbook offers learners chances to try writing for themselves regardless of instructors’ qualifications. How the revised textbook would encourage learners to acquire one by one as they go through with every step of writing is considered to be a type which has combined the form of the main textbook with the other of the workbook, and it is a result which had reflected the latest trend. Despite several discussions that have been positively developed, there were a few considerations to be made and first of all, examples that do not correspond to levels of learners have been selected and second of all, ethics of writing are being handled only in an one-dimensional way and third of all, ‘presentation and discussion’ is not closely related to previous activities. 이 글은 최근 글쓰기 교재를 개편한 순천향대학교의 개정 교재를 이전 교재와 비교 분석하여 최근 글쓰기 교재의 동향을 살피기 위한 것이다. 교재 분석을 위해 크게 형식 및 체재 그리고 내용으로 나누어진 평가 준거를 이용하였다. 결과적으로 이전 교재인 『글쓰기의 이론과 실제』에 가장 큰 문제로 지적된 읽기 자료와 학술적 글쓰기에 대한 내용이 부족함을 개편 방향으로 삼아 새 교재 『사고와 표현』에는 다양한 읽기 자료와 학술 글쓰기를 다루고 있다는 것이 눈에 띄는 차이점으로 나타났다. 그 외에도 연습문제 활용과 자기 주도적 글쓰기를 위한 부록의 안배 등이 참신한 시도로 지적될 점이다. 또 글쓰기와 말하기로 나누어 진행되던 수업의 방향도 교재 편찬 과정에서 말하기 즉 ‘발표와 토론’ 부분을 추가로 다루어 통합했다는 차이가 있다. 교재 분석을 토대로 가장 현저하게 드러난 변화는 교수자의 역량과 별개로 학생 스스로 글쓰기에 접근할 수 있도록 구성하였다는 것이다. 자신이 글쓰기 과정을 하나하나 겪어가면서 내용을 채우도록 유도한 점은 본 교재와 워크북 형식을 통합한 유형으로 최근의 흐름을 반영한 결과이다. 긍정적으로 검토되는 여러 가지 면에도 불구하고 몇몇 가지는 재고의 여지가 있었는데, 첫째는 학생들의 수준과 맞지 않는 예시문이 선정되었다는 점 둘째는 글쓰기의 윤리를 일차원적으로 다루어 있다는 점 셋째는 ‘발표와 토론’과 이전 항목의 연계가 긴밀치 못하다는 점 등이었다.
산모의 체위가 산모의 혈역학 및 신생아 Apgar 치와 제대혈 가스분석치에 미치는 영향
이청,고홍 대한마취과학회 1989 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.22 No.6
Forty five patients undergoing cesarean section were classified into 4 groups. In group 1, 11 patients received epidural anesthesia and were supine throughout the procedure. In group 2, 9 patients received epidural anesthesia and took left lateral tilt by the balloon under the right hip. In group 3, 11 patients received general anesthesia and took left lateral tilt by the same method. In group 4, 14 patients received general anesthesia and were supine. Maternal brachial and femoral systolic and diastolic pressures, cardiac output and heart rate, and newborns pH, pCO₂, pO₂ and bicarbonate concentration from the umbilical venous blood were measured. One minute and 5 minute Apgar score were also measured. The rate of decrease in the brachial arterial pressure was highest in Group 1. The rate of decrease in the femoral arterial pressure was also highest in Group 1 but statistically insignificant. The number of patients whose brachial and femoral arterial pressures decreased by more than 10% compared with pre-inction values was largest in Group I but statisticallly insignificant. There were no difference in cardiac outputs and heart rates among the groups. Newborns oxygen tesion from the umbilical venous blood was high in the groups received general anesthesia. But there were no difference in pH, pCO₂, bicarbonate concentrations and 1 minute and 5 minute Apgar scores.