Repair Strategies for Hearing Impaired Adolescents based on Sentence Comprehension according to Language Ability

이지아(Ji Ah Lee),최소영(So Young Choi) 한국언어청각임상학회 2017 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.22 No.2

배경 및 목적 : 본 연구는 청각장애 청소년의 언어능력과 의사소통에 참여하는 상대자가 제공하는 회복전략 유형에 따른 문장이해 수행의 차이를 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구의 참가자는 1)보장구를 착용하고 있으며, 2)보정청력은 경도난청 범위(20-45 dB)에 속하고, 3)구어를 제1언어로 사용하는 청각장애 청소년이었다. 생활연령 14-18세, 언어연령 8-14세 범위에 속하는 36명을 선별하였고, 어휘력에 근거한 언어 수준을 기준으로 상위집단(18명)과 하위집단(18명)을 구분하였다. 문장-그림 일치 과제를 사용하여 구조화된 의사소통 상황을 설정하였으며, 문장이해에 실패한 경우를 의사소통 단절로 간주하여 의사소통 상대자로서 연구자가 세 가지 유형의 회복전략(반복, 바꾸어 말하기, 간략화)을 제시하였다. 결과: 언어 수준 상위집단이 하위집단에 비해 문장이해 반응 정확도가 높았고, 의사소통 상대자가 회복전략을 제공한 이후 두 집단 모두 반응 정확도가 향상되었다. 회복전략 유형별 문장이해 반응 정확도에서 전략 간에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않은 상위집단과 달리, 하위집단은 간략화 전략을 사용했을 때 반복이나 바꾸어 말하기 전략보다 높은 반응 정확도를 보였다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구 결과는 의사소통 상대자의 회복전략 사용이 의사소통 단절을 회복하는데 도움이 되며, 대상자의 언어 수준에 따라 효율적으로 활용하는 회복전략에 차이가 있을 수 있음을 시사하였다. 이를 바탕으로 청각장애 청소년의 언어능력과 그들의 의사소통 파트너를 함께 고려하는 노력이 필요함을 제안하였다. Objectives : This study aimed to identify effective repair strategies for hearing impaired adolescents based on their language ability by studying differences in sentence comprehension. Various repair strategies were provided by a communication partner. Methods: Selected participants used a 20-45 dB range hearing aid, primarily used spoken language, and were age 14 to 18. A high scoring group (N=18) and a low scoring group (N=18) were constructed according to language skills. This study investigated sentence comprehension using a sentence-picture matching task. When a communication breakdown occurred, a communication repair strategy-repetition, revision, or simplification-was provided by a communication partner. Results: The results showed that the rate of correct sentence comprehension in the high group was significantly higher than in the low group. When the communication partner used the communication repair strategy, the correct rate increased significantly in both groups. Although the efficacy of each strategy was no different from the others within the high group, the simplification strategy was more effective than repetition or revision in the low group. Conclusion: Repair strategies used by a communication partner have positive effects in improving communication breakdown. But there are differences in the usefulness of various repair strategies depending on the speaker’s language skills.

「루시 시편들」: 트라우마의 반복과 해석

이지아 ( Ji Ah Lee ) 한국영미문화학회 2012 영미문화 Vol.12 No.3

William Wordsworth`s "Lucy poems" are characterized by his traumatic loss of Lucy and ambiguous recovery from it. They inform us chiefly of his bitterness at having lost the girl and his failure of detaching himself from his loss of her. When the speaker cries "The difference to me" in "She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways", for example, he admits that she may be dead and yet expresses his doubts about the reality of his loss. The moment the speaker in Lucy poems faces with traumatic event, he neither hears nor sees: he cries "If Lucy should be dead" in "Strange Fits of Passion Have I Known" as if he has not realized her death. The traumatic scene or thought in Lucy poems cannot be a possessed knowledge in the speaker; it rather produces a profound uncertainty or incomprehensibility. Because of the lack of the system of comprehension, the trauma returns continually to be connected with other images and words. The impact of a trauma is tied to the elapsed time between the unperceived event and the first appearance of the symptoms. In "A Slumber did My Spirit Seal," for example, the speaker is unable to face her death and unable to forget her. The Lucy poems` double structure of incomprehensibility and inherent latency makes the reading process complex and difficult. They demonstrate the structure of trauma which is symptom of the lack of comprehension as well as the cause of repetition.

제프 레섬 화예연출의 조형특성연구 -화예소재를 이용한 연출 중심으로-

이지아 ( Lee Ji Ah ),이진민 ( Rhi Jin Min ) 한국기초조형학회 2018 기초조형학연구 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 화예 디자인의 조형요소와 원리 그리고 제프 레섬의 화예 디자인 인식을 기본 이해에 두고, 제프 레섬의 작품에서 나타나는 시각적 조형디자인 요소와 화예 표현기법을 유형화하여 화예디자인의 연출특성을 고찰하는 연구이다. 제프 레섬은 파리 포시즌 호텔 George V(Four Seasons Hotel George V)의 수석 플로리스트로 국내 신라 호텔과 년간 계약으로 현재까지 활동하고 있다. 아울러 그는 화예디자인으로 프랑스 관광청이 부여하는 최고의 등급을 파리 포시즌 호텔이 선정되게 만든 장본인이다. 본 연구에서는 제프 레섬의 화예 디자인의 예술적 가치를 논하기 보다는 플라워디자인의 조형성과 표현기법을 중심으로 문헌고찰을 하였다. 이를 위해 2014년 발행된 제프 레섬의 작품집 ‘Visionary Floral Art and Design’을 중심으로 파리 포시즌 호텔과 서울신라호텔의 호텔로비, 웨딩&파티 공간, 테이블의 작품사례를 선정하여 화예디자인의 시각적 조형요소인 형태,질감 및 색상과 표현기법에 대해 1차 분석을 하였다. 2차 분석에서는 1차 분석에서 도출된 이미지 형용사와 표현기법를 고바야시의 이미지 스케일과 포지셔닝 스케일에 도식화하여 제프 레섬의 화예 디자인의 연출특성을 도출하였다. 제프 레섬의 화예디자인은 단일한 꽃과 색상을 선호하며 표현 기법 또한 그룹핑과 조닝인 집단화 기법에서 크게 벗어나 않는다. 꽃 이외에 오브제 사용이 많은 연출방법으로 꽃을 강조하면서 공간으로 확장하는것으로 나타났다. 따라서 제프 레섬의 화예디자인의 연출특성은 단일성, 확장성, 강조성으로 고객의 시선을 사로 잡으면서 화예 매체가 공간연출의 확장 가능성을 제시하여 실무에 활용 될 수 있다. 이러한 연구는 세계적인 화예연출가의 작품을 조형적으로 분석함으로써 실무 및 교육현장에서 독창적이고 새로운 표현기법 개발과 미적인 조형계획 설계에 활용하는데 그 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate Jeff Leatham flower design characteristics by classifying the visual formative design elements and flower expression techniques in his works based on the understanding of the formative elements and principles of his flower design. Jeff Leatham is the senior floral designer at the Four Seasons Hotel George V in Paris and has an annual contract with the Shilla Hotel seoul in Korea where he is still working until this day. His flower design also played a significant role in Paris Four Seasons Hotel being the highest rated by the French Tourism Agency. In this study, the focus is on his formative and expressive techniques rather than on the artistic value of his flower design. So selected pieces of Jeff Leatham's 'Visionary Floral Art and Design', published in 2014, regarding hotel lobby, wedding & party spaces, and table settings of the Paris Four Seasons Hotel and the Shilla Hotel were analyzed in the first analysis in terms of visual formative design elements of form, texture and color, and expression techniques. In the second analysis, image adjectives and expression techniques derived from the first analysis were plotted on Kobayashi's image and positioning scale to derive the characteristics of Jeff Leatham’s flower design. Jeff Leatham's floral design prefers single flowers and colors, whilst the techniques do not deviate much from grouping techniques that are grouping and zoning. More vases than flowers were used in this technique, through which flowers were emphasized expanding into the space. Therefore, Jeff Leatham's flower design characteristics can be applied to practice by presenting expansion possibilities of space directing capturing customers' attention with unity, expandability and emphasis. These studies are meaningful for developing creative and new expressive techniques and utilizing formative planning design in practical and educational fields through analyzing the worldwide floral designer’s pieces formatively.

소규모 도시유휴공간으로서 상업화 가로변 건축물 측면공간의 합리적 활용을 위한 기초 연구

이지아(Lee, Ji-Ah),박진아(Park, Jin-A) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2018 國土計劃 Vol.53 No.2

트라우마의 구조 : 『서곡』과 시간의 점들 다시 읽기

이지아 ( Lee¸ Ji-ah ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.1

In The Prelude, Wordsworth represents a specific experience in his childhood through “spots of time,” which tells us about the trauma occurring at the moment of a later writing. Central to the very immediacy of spots of time is a gap that carries the force of the events; it does so precisely at the expense of simple knowledge and memory. The traumatic event, for example, in the boat-stealing anecdote is not experienced fully at the time but only belated in their repeated possession of the speaker who experiences them. Only in later time does the speaker identify “the grim shape” as “the Wisdom and Spirit of the universe.” In another anecdote, the poet in youth is lost and comes to a spot where there was once a murder and the murderer’s initials suddenly and mysteriously appeared soon after and were carved by an unknown hand. When the murderer’s name is combined with the accident of his being lost, it evokes irresistible fear in young Wordsworth's mind. He flees in fright and confusion. The shock of his mind's relation to the threat of death in the anecdote is not direct experience of the threat of the murderer, but precisely the missing of the experience, which is the fact that the meaning of the traumatic event has not yet been fully known. Every time an overwhelming event occurs, an intense feeling erupts and traumatizes the speaker. The catastrophic events operate as an indicator of the fact that something happened before, which is often thought to be an “office”. The traumatic experiences show how the text and the reader are linked, in trauma, around which what is not known or not fully experienced.

정신분열병 환자의 한국어판 사회기능척도 개발 : 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구

김철권,이지아,Kim, Chul-Kwon,Lee, Ji-Ah 대한생물정신의학회 2009 생물정신의학 Vol.16 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean version of the Social Functioning Scale (KSFS) in the patients with schizophrenia. Methods : KSFS was administered to 90 schizophrenic patients and 80 their parents and 90 normal controls for examining the reliability and validity. Results : Data analysis showed statistically significant reliabilities and validities of KSFS. The test-retest reliability, rater vs. self-report reliability, and internal consistency for total scores of KSFS were 0.93, 0.44 and 0.94 respectively. Evidence for discriminant validity of KSFS comes from the results that the mean scores of schizophrenic patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls. Construct validity was assessed by calculating the 7 inter-areas correlations of the KSFS, and all areas were statistically significant. Significant correlations between the total scores of KSFS and those of SOFAS lend support for the concurrent validity of this instrument. Factor analyses were performed and two factors were extracted accounting for 63.7% of the variance. Sensitivity was assessed indirectly via the distribution and range of scores on the SFS. The normal control group showed a distribution around a higher mean with a moderate positive skew. Conclusion : KSFS was found to be a valid, reliable, and sensitive instrument which can be used to evaluate the degree of social functioning in the patients with schizophrenia.

건축물 사이공간으로서 측면공간 활용여부에 따른 보행자 경관이미지 분석 연구

서광영(Seo, Kwang-Yeong),이지아(Lee, Ji-Ah),박진아(Park, Jin-A) 한국도시설계학회 2018 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 일반주거지역 내 상업가로의 건축물 사이공간 활용현황을 조사하고 이용여부에 따라 보행자의 경관이미지를 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울시 일반주거지역 내 상업기능이 정착한 신사동 가로수길, 합정 · 상수 지역의 건축물 사이공간을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 이용 특성에 따라 유형을 분류하고, 활용 전 · 후 보행자 관점의 경관 이미지를 분석 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 광고물 유형을 제외한 모든 유형을 활용했을 때 긍정적인 경관이미지가 나타났다. 둘째, 모든 유형에서 활용 전 · 후에 따른 t-검정 시 유의 한 차이가 있음이 확인되었다. 셋째, ANOVA분석을 통해 소규모 상점, 테라스 및 야외매대, 상점입구, 광고물 순으로 긍정적인 경관 이미지 효과가 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 건축물 사이공간의 활용유형과 효과를 파악할 수 있었고, 가로 경관 및 활력에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 점을 객관적으로 제시하였다. This study aims to analyze the pedestrians’ landscape image in accordance with the matter of utilizing the space between buildings on commercial streets within general residential areas. For this, the research was conducted targeting the space between buildings in Hapjeong/Sangsu area and Garosu-gil of Sinsa-dong where commercial functions have been settled down within general residential area of Seoul-si. Analyzing the type in accordance with the characteristics of use, the landscape image in the pedestrians’ perspective before/after utilization was analyzed. In the results of analysis, first, when every type was utilized except for the advertisement type, the positive landscape image was shown. Second, in case of t-test in accordance with before/after utilization, every type showed significant differences. Third, in the results of ANOVA, there were positive effects of landscape image in the order of small store, terrace & outdoor display stand, store entrance, and advertisement. Based on such results, the type of utilization and effects of space between buildings could be understood. This study objectively suggested its positive effects on the street landscape and vitality.

척추 수술 후 섬망의 발생에 관한 예비 연구

김성환(Seong Hwan Kim),이지아(Ji Ah Lee),김동진(Dong Jin Kim),김호경(Ho Gyung Kim),서상민(Sang Min Seo),전형곤(Hyung Gon Jeon),강범모(Beom Mo Kang),홍영습(Young Seoub Hong),김철홍(Chul Hong Kim),최병무(Byeong Moo Choe) 대한노인정신의학회 2007 노인정신의학 Vol.11 No.2

Objectives : Delirium is a common postoperative complication in old adults associated with adverse events including functional decline, longer lengths of stay, and risk of institutionalization. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors of postoperative delirium in spine surgery. Methods : Seventy-nine patients who underwent spine surgery were included. Preoperative assessments included current medical illness, number of comorbid problems, and the number of medications by past medical history, medical record, and interview with patients and caregivers. Intraoperative risk factors were evaluated. Laboratory data were checked preoperatively and postoperatively. The presence of delirium was determined by the Korean version of Delirium Rating Scale (K-DRS). Results : Postoperative delirium was found in patients (7.6%). There was an association suggested between older age and postoperative delirium in spine surgery (p<0.05). An association was suggested between increasing numbers of medical conditions and postoperative delirium (p<0.05). Preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, sodium, potassium, calcium, albumin levels and postoperative hemoglobin and total protein levels were in the delirium group was significantly lower than those in control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study showed that the postoperative delirium in spine surgery is not rare and several preoperative and postoperative factors are involved in the development of delirium. This pilot study is the first prospective trial in the area of postoperative delirium in spine surgery with a small sample size and short-term period, so further research with large sample size will be necessary.

한옥의 특징기반 형상모델링 및 매개변수형 BIM 라이브러리 브라우저 개발에 관한 연구

김인한(Kim In-Han),박승화(Park Seung-Hwa),이지아(Lee Ji-Ah) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.5

Since Han-ok, the traditional Korean-style house, is composed with combinations of complex components in various shapes and sizes, it is essential to categorize the components into several types for digitalization of Han-ok information. This study applied feature-based classification using BIM parametric modelling methods. After investigating ‘Parameter and Formula relations’, ‘Parametric description’ and ‘Instance diagram’ of Han-ok components, the study established XML libraries for the parametric modelling of open BIM. The IFC-XML libraries include parametric and properties information as well as the geometric information of Han-ok. For the combination of parametric and non-parametric geometry, the study also suggested a new methodology of using ‘comments’ inside IFC, which enabled interworking between IFC and XML. A prototype of BIM browsing module was developed in the last phase of this study to validate the conformance of the IFC-XML libraries. This integrated browser for Han-ok allows the users, both experts and non-experts, to check and manipulate Han-ok component fabrication by changing specific parameters promptly. The browser successfully showed automatic changes of all related Han-ok elements in accordance with the parameters, relationships and formulas of components.

개방형BIM 기반 한옥건축 통합정보시스템 프레임워크

김인한(Kim In-Han),박승화(Park Seung-Hwa),이지아(Lee Ji-Ah) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.9

As there has been a growing concern about environmental problems, ecological concepts apply for green growth in the field of architecture. Thereupon, the demand and interest for the Korean Traditional House known as typical of environment-friendly houses increased. There are lots of difficulties in applying the Korean Traditional House to design and construction phases, because of the lack of experts and data to support the demand. To solve these problems, a system for construction and dissemination of information about the Korean Traditional House is required. Throughout applying an Open BIM to the Korean Traditional House, this paper focuses on the requirements and a standardized system for effective utilization of information. In addition, the authors propose a framework including the integrated information system which will utilize and further disseminate the information. The application of an Open BIM-based system helps increase interoperability among heterogeneous BIM tools. Also, the standardized system makes it possible to define standard elements. It is hoped that the typology elements make mass production possible. The framework will greatly contribute to the design and construction of the Korean Traditional House.