流行性 出血熱의 臨床的 觀察 : B.U.N. 値의 胸部 X-線所見에 關한 小考

李柱炅,申永基,金鍾聲,兪台沂 최신의학사 1967 最新醫學 Vol.10 No.5

During the autumn and winter in 1962 and spring in 1966, there were chances to face patients suffering from epidemic hemorrhagic fever..30 cases of the epidemic t'hemorrhagic fever patients were observed and treated throughout the entire admission course. . During the hospitalization, chest x-ray views were checked serially in the febrile or hypotensive phase, early oliguric phase, late oliguric,', phase and diuretic phase. Blood urea nitrogen levels were also checked simultaneously in the oliguric phase. 1. 36.7 per cent of . the cases showed pulmonary edema and cardiac enlargement on the chest x-ray views with bl000d urea nitrogen value showing 92.57mg % in average. There was a tendency that both chest x-ray changes and blood urea nitrogen levels were reaching peacks at the late oliguric phase. 2. Thre were slight cardiac enlargement with sightly increased bronchovascular markings and/or hilar shadows in 30 per cent of the cases. Blood ure nitrogen level showed 65.78 mg% in average. 3. 33.3 per cent of them were quite normal throughout whole clinical course on the chest x-ray views. However blood urea nitrogen level was 47.3mg// in average. 4. Generally the changes of the chest x-ray views and blood urea nitrogen levels changed in perallel with the clinical manifestations. It should be noted that pulmonary edema and cardiac enlargement are fundamentally caused by rather cardiopulmonary imbalance due to over-hydration than uremia per se. 5. Checking the chest x-ray changes is a relatively' simple and convenient method understanding substantial balance of the cardiopulmonary function in the oliguric phase and it is also a good indication to determine the amount of the daily supply of the fluid. 6. The most important phase for checking chest x-ray is that of the oliguric phase and there should be put an emphsis that the early initial chest x-ray view is a valuable one on reading the pictures checked subsequently in the oliguric phase.

영어 복합명사와 명사구의 강세충돌과 강세전이

이주경,강선미 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.3

Metrical Phonology has asserted that stress shift does not occur in English compounds because it violates the Continuous Column Constraint. Noun phrases, on the other hand, freely allow for stress shift, whereby the preceding stress moves forward to the preceding heavy syllable. This paper hypothesizes that stress does not shift in compounds as opposed to noun phrases and compares their pitch accentual patterns in a phonetic experiment. More specifically, we examined two-word combinations, noun phrases and compounds, whose boundaries involve stress dash and assured that the preceding words involve a heavy syllable ahead of the stress to guarantee the place for a shifting stress. Depending on where the preceding pitch accent is aligned, stress shift is determined. Results show that stress shift occurs in approximately 47% of the noun phrases and 59% of the compounds; therefore, the hypothesis is not borne out. This suggests that the surface representations derived by phonological rules may not be implemented in real utterance but that phonetic forms may be determined by the phonetic constraints directly operating on human speech.

설유착증 환아의 언어병리학적 평가

이주경,김영빈,임대호,백진아,신효근,고승오,Lee, Ju-Kyung,Kim, Young-Bin,Leem, Dae-Ho,Baek, Jin-A,Shin, Hyo-Keun,Ok, Seung-O 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2008 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.30 No.5

There is close relationship between intraoral structural anomaly and speech- functional problem. Patient with cleft palate patients & ankyloglossia is a typical example, patients with structural anomaly is repaired toward normal structure by operation. Ankyloglossia may cause functional limitation even after adequate surgical treatment speech disorders being one of them. Interindividually, they vary a lot, showing typical articulation specifics. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare speech for children with ankyloglossia and general public, to determine whether ankyloglossia is associated with articulation problem. We wanted to present criteria for indication of frenectomy. The group of subject is composed of 10 childrens with ankyloglossia and articulation problem, visited the Oral and Maxillofacial surgical unit, dental hospital, Chonbuk university. The average age is 5 Y 7M, M : F ratio is 8 : 2 at the time of speech test. Control group is composed of 10 members without oral structural anomaly. The average age is 5 Y 10M, M : F ratio is 3 : 7 at the time of speech test. Outcomes were measured the PPVT(Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test), PCAT(Picture Consonant Articulation Test), Nasometer II test result obtained each group, statistically measured by Mann-whitney's U Test. There was no difference for 'chronological age-age equivalent' between two group. There was significant difference for 'consonant accuracy' between two group, showed more lower scores in subject group. There was more 'consonant error' in subject group, mostly showed/1/,/s/. A major modality of 'consonant error' was mostly distortion and replacement. There was no significant difference between two group for nasality.

DMB 서비스를 위한 DCT 기반 MPEG-2/H.264 비디오 트랜스코더 시스템 구조

이주경,권순영,박성호,김영주,정기동,Lee Joo-Kyong,Kwon Soon-Young,Park Seong-Ho,Kim Young-Ju,Chung Ki-Dong 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.12 No.6

DMB 서비스를 위해 제공되는 대부분의 비디오 컨텐츠는 MPEG-2 규격으로 압축된 채 제공되므로 실제 서비스를 위해서 H.264 규격으로 트랜스코딩을 수행해야 한다. 현재 사용되는 트랜스코딩 방식은 MPEG-2 비트열(bit-stream)의 디코딩과 H.264 규격으로의 인코딩 과정을 연속적으로 수행하는 픽셀 기반 직렬 구조형 (CPDT, Cascaded Pixel-Domain Transcoding Architecture)이다. 이 방식은 두 표준의 소스 코드를 수정 없이 사용할 수 있으므로 구현이 용이하지만 변환을 위한 처리 시간이 길고 디코딩과 인코딩을 반복하므로 화질의 열화가 발생 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 MPEG-2로 압축된 비디오 비트열을 H.264로 트랜스크딩 할 때 변환 시간을 향상할 수 있는 DCT 기반의 열린 회로형 트랜스코더 구조(DCT-OPEN)와 변환시간은 CPDT와 유사하지만 화질면에서 우수한 DCT 기반 닫힌 회로형 트랜스코더(DCT-CLOSED) 구조를 제안한다. 제안된 구조에서는 CPDT 방식과 달리 압축 과정의 중간 단계인 DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform)를 이용하여 변환을 수행한다. 이때, MPEG-2와 H.264의 DCT 단위와 방법이 상이하므로 [l, 2]에서 제안된 방식을 이용하여 DCT 간의 변환을 수행한다. 제안된 구조의 성능 평가를 위해 MPEG-2 TM5하 H.264 JM8 코덱을 수정하여 다양한 구조를 구현하였으며 실험 결과 DCT-OPEN의 경우 CPDT에 비하여 계산 복잡도에서 우수하지만 PSNR 성능은 낮게 나타났으며 DCT-CLOSED의 경우 계산 복잡도는 높으나 화질에서 우수한 것으로 나타났다. Most of the multimedia contents for DBM services art provided as MPEG-2 bit streams. However, they have to be transcoded to H.264 bit streams for practical services because the standard video codec for DMB is H.264. The existing transcoder architecture is Cascaded Pixel-Domain Transcoding Architecture, which consists of the MPEG-2 dacoding phase and the H.264 encoding phase. This architecture can be easily implemented using MPEG-2 decoder and H.264 encoder without source modifying. However. It has disadvantages in transcoding time and DCT-mismatch problem. In this paper, we propose two kinds of transcoder architecture, DCT-OPEN and DCT-CLOSED, to complement the CPDT architecture. Although DCT-OPEN has lower PSNR than CPDT due to drift problem, it is efficient for real-time transcoding. On the contrary, the DCT-CLOSED architecture has the advantage of PSNR over CPDT at the cost of transcoding time.

신뢰성있는 웨이블릿 비디오 전송을 위한 패킷화 기법

이주경,강진미,김충길,정기동,Lee, Joo-Kyong,Kang, Jin-Mi,Kim, Chung-Kil,Chung, Ki-Dong 한국정보처리학회 2003 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.10 No.5

Since Wavelet Transform decomposes a video frame into subbands with various frequencies and resolutions, the reconstructed video qualify at a receiver fluctuates according to the location of transmission errors within frames. This deteriorates the whole visual duality of the video. Specifically, for a wavelet based video which exploits the motion estimation prediction scheme, the transmission errors of a subband not only have a bad effect on other subbands within a same frame but also propagates to the subsequent frames. In this paper, we propose BDP(Block Based Dispersive Packetization) scheme, for a wavelet based video stream, which maintains constant video quality despite packet location that a transmission error occurs. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, we use MRME(Multi-Resolution Motion Estimation) scheme to compress a video in Inter coding mode and Gilbert´s error model to generate the error patterns in wireless network environment. The simulation results show that BDP is more efficient than BP (Block based Packetization) or DP (Dispersive Packetization) in both PSNR and visual quality. 웨이블릿 변환(Wavelet Transform)된 비디오는 주파수와 해상도가 다근 부대역으로 분해되므로 전송 오류가 발생한 패킷의 위치에 따라 복원된 프레임 간 화질 편차가 크게 된다. 복원된 프레임의 화질 변화가 클수록 사용자가 느끼는 비디오의 화질은 떨어진다. 특히, 움직임 예측을 이용한 웨이블릿 비디오의 경우, 특정 부대역에서 발생한 오류는 같은 프레임의 다른 부대역 뿐 아니라 이후 프레임의 화질에도 지속적인 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 논문에서는 웨이블릿 기반 비디오를 네트워크로 전송하기 위해 패킷화론 수행할 때, 오류발생 패킷의 위치에 관계없이 일정한 화질을 유지하며 오류 은닉이 쉬운 블록기반 패킷화 기법인 BDP(Block based Dispersive Packetization)를 제안한다. 본 논문은 MRME(Multi-Resolution Motion Estimation)글 적용하여 압축된 비디오와 무선 네트워크에서의 오류 발생 모델을 이용하여 성능평가를 수행하였다. 실험결과 제안된 기법은 프레임을 일정한 블록으로 분할하여 순차적으로 패킷화하는 BP나 픽셀단위로 분산하는 DP기법에 비해 주ㆍ객관적인 성능 모두 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다.

화상통신에서의 오류전파 제어를 위한 보조모션벡터 코딩 기법

이주경,최태욱,정기동,Lee, Joo-Kyong,Choi, Tae-Uk,Chung, Ki-Dong 한국정보처리학회 2002 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.9 No.5

인터넷을 통해 동영상을 전송할 때, 네트워크의 상태에 따라 패킷 손실이 발생할 수 있다. 패킷 손실이 발생하면 해당 프레임 뿐 아니라, 그 프레임을 참조하는 다른 프레임의 화질에도 영향을 미치는 오류전파가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 전송 중 패킷 손실로 인한 오류전파를 최소화하기 위한 부호화 기법인 AMV(Auxiliary Motion Vector)를 제안한다. AMV 기법에서 부호기는 한 개의 매크로블록을 압축하기 위해 여러 프레임과의 움직임 예측을 수행한 후, 상위 두 개의 매칭블록을 선택한다. 두 블록 중 압축 대상 매크로블록과 더 유사한 블록을 움직임 보상에 이용하며 이 블록을 참조블록 또는 기본블록이라 한다. 나머지 블록을 보조블록이라 하며 참조블록이 손실된 경우 복호기가 참조블록의 대체용으로 이용한다. 보조블록의 정보는 압축된 매크로블록의 헤더에 블록의 모션벡터와 프레임 번호를 삽입함으로써 전송된다. 이 기법은 다른 기법에 비해 압축에 이용되는 참조블록의 수를 최소화하고 보조블록을 이용하여 오류를 요구함으로써 오류전파가 발생하는 범위와 그 강도를 줄이는 장점이 있다. 제안된 기법의 코덱을 구현하기 위해 H.263 표준 소스를 수정하였으며, 다양한 패킷 손실율의 트레이스를 생성하기 위해 시뮬레이션 툴인 NS-2를 이용하였다. 실험 결과 제안된 기법은 전체적으로 H.253 표준에 비하여 높은 성능을 나타냈으며 특히 화면의 변화가 적은 경우 패킷 손실율이 높을수록, 변화가 심한 경우 패킷 손실율이 낮을수록 높은 성능을 나타내었다. In this paper, we propose a video sequence coding scheme called AMV (Auxiliary Motion Vector) to minimize error propagation caused by transmission errors over the Internet. Unlike the conventional coding schemes the AMY coder, for a macroblock in a frame, selects two best matching blocks among several preceding frames. The best matching block, called a primary block, is used for motion compensation of the destination macroblock. The other block, called an auxiliary block, replaces the primary block in case of its loss at the decoder. When a primary block is corrupted or lost during transmission, the decoder can efficiently and simply suppress error propagation to the subsequent frames by replacing the block with an auxiliary block. This scheme has an advantage of reducing both the number and the impact of error propagations. We implemented the proposed coder by modifying H.263 standard coding and evaluated the performance of our proposed scheme in the simulation. The simulation results show that AMV coder is more efficient than the H.263 baseline coder at the high packet loss rate.

의약품 산업

이주경 한국미생물생명공학회 1992 생물산업 Vol.5 No.2

상하악에 발생한 갈색종의 증례보고

이주경,조성대,임대호,Lee, Ju-Kyung,Cho, Sung-Dae,Leem, Dae-Ho 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2009 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.31 No.1

The brown tumors develop in bone and it develop on various area which in clavicle, rib bone, cervical bone, iliac bone etc. The development on the maxillofacial region is rare, relatively more develop on the mandible. The brown tumor directly develop by the dysfunction of calcium metabolism according to hyperparathyroidism and differential diagnosis with other bone lesion should be difficult if it would diagnose by only radiographic features. The histological feature is that proliferation of spindle cells with extravasated blood and haphazardly arranged, variably sized, multinucleated giant cell is seen. The brown tumor is firm diagnosed by physical examination, because of these histological feature show similar with other giant cell lesions(giant cell granuloma, aneurysmal bone cyst, cherubism). The brown tumors have been described as resulting from an imbalance of osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity. It result in bone resorption and fibrous replacement of the bone. So these lesions represent the terminal stage of hyperparathyroidism-dependent bone pathology. Therefore, it is the extremely rare finding that brown tumor in the facial bone as the first manifestation of an hyperparathyroidism. We experience 1 case of brown tumor(50 years old female) that developed on Maxilla and mandible with no history of hyperparathyroidism. So we report this case with a literature review.

Speech Learning Model에 의한 한국인 영어 L2 학습자의 영어 유음 인지 및 발화 양상

이주경,김윤희 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2019 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.83

According to the Speech Learning Model (SLM, Flege 1987, 1995), L2 learners have more difficulty perceiving an L2 sound when it is phonetically more similar to its corresponding L1 sound. Japanese L2 learners of English perceived English /ɹ/ better than /l/ because Japanese [ɾ] is acoustically more similar with [l] than with [ɹ], and it was explained by the SLM (Aoyama et al. 2004). Their study has been extended to Korean learners’ perception and production of English /l/ and /ɹ/ in the current study. English liquids /l/ and /ɹ/ are realized as different allophones, and they may be perceived as phonetically different categories by Korean learners. Therefore, L2 liquid sounds were investigated in three different positions, word-initial, intervocalic, and word final, where phonetic similarity between L1 and L2 liquids was examined respectively. Results showed that the perceptual accuracy between /l/ and /ɹ/ was not statistically different in word-initial and intervocalic positions in case of Korean low proficiency learners. However, they perceived [ɫ] significantly better than [ɹ] in word-final position. Either /l/ or /ɹ/ was not consistently better perceived in all three positions. This suggests that phonetic similarity should be considered at the allophonic phonetic level rather than contrastive phonemic level.

메타버스 기반 군집로봇 지휘통제체계 개발을 위한 제언

이주경,이정은,이영규,배성주 한국방위산업진흥회 2022 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.522