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Decoding Saccadic Directions Using Epidural ECoG in Non-Human Primates
이제연,최호석,이세호,조백환,안경하,김인영,이경민,장동표 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.8
A brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to restore some communication as an alternative interface for patients suffering from locked-in syndrome. However, most BCI systems are based on SSVEP, P300, or motor imagery, and a diversity of BCI protocols would be needed for various types of patients. In this paper, we trained the choice saccade (CS) task in 2 non-human primate monkeys and recorded the brain signal using an epidural electrocorticogram (eECoG) to predict eye movement direction. We successfully predicted the direction of the upcoming eye movement using a support vector machine (SVM) with the brain signals after the directional cue onset and before the saccade execution. The mean accuracies were 80% for 2 directions and 43% for 4 directions. We also quantified the spatial-spectro-temporal contribution ratio using SVM recursive feature elimination (RFE). The channels over the frontal eye field (FEF), supplementary eye field (SEF), and superior parietal lobule (SPL) area were dominantly used for classification. The α-band in the spectral domain and the time bins just after the directional cue onset and just before the saccadic execution were mainly useful for prediction. A saccade based BCI paradigm can be projected in the 2D space, and will hopefully provide an intuitive and convenient communication platform for users.
이제연,이정엽,진성민,이상혁 대한이비인후과학회 2013 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.56 No.1
The bronchogenic cyst is an uncommon benign congenital anomaly of the primitive ventral foregut. They usually occur in the mediastinum and intrapulmonary regions. Localization in the cervical area is unusual and the majority of cases reported have been found in the pediatric population. Radiologically, it can not be differentiated from other cystic lesions. Therefore, it is pa-thologically confirmed only when there are bronchial tissues such as pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, smooth muscle, mucous gland or cartilage. Since this cyst has potential for complication, a complete excision is mandatory. We recently experienced a case of retropharyngeal bronchogenic cyst presenting as a lump sensation in 32-year-old male. In this article, we reviewed the etiology, the diagnosis, and the treatment of this case with a review of the literatures.
이제연,채령,홍석진,이상혁,진성민 대한이비인후과학회 2013 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.56 No.10
Background and Objectives High resolution manometry (HRM), a newly developed device that uses 36 channels to plot pressure topography of esophagus, has recently been applied to evaluate the esophageal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) status; however, its definite role in laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is not well elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical usefulness of HRM and to elucidate the association between HRM findings and dysphasia in LPRD patients. Subjects and Method A total of 56 patients who had been diagnosed LPRD from July 2010 to July 2011 were prospectively enrolled in this study. Patients consisted of 20 men and 36 women,with the mean age of 51.4 years. Every patient performed the questionnaire and HRM examination. A comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between the HRM results and LPRD. Results Of 30 patients (53.6%), there were 11 peristaltic dysfunction (19.7%), 6 relaxation impairment of lower esophageal sphincter (LES)(10.7%), 4 diffuse esophageal spasm (7.1%), 4 hypotensive LES (7.1%), 3 Nutcracker esophagus (5.4%), and 2 relaxation impairment of UES (3.6%). The mean distance of UES from the nostril was 17.88±2.17 cm and the mean UES basal pressure was 63.10±24.49 mm Hg. Differences between the prevalence of abnormal findings shown by HRM and dysphasia symptoms were not statistically significant. Conclusion In this study, a considerable amount of abnormalities in esophageal function were observed using HRM, and thus we think that HRM could provide useful information about esophagus dysfunction in LPRD patients.