종식별을 위한 식물 DNA 분리에 E-prep reagent의 법과학적 활용

이자현,김효숙,조윤정,문서현,황인관,김응수 경찰대학 경찰대학 2019 경찰학연구 Vol.19 No.4

DNA isolation from an organism is a core process in species identification and determines the success or failure of the analysis. Unlike animals and microorganisms, plants have cell walls that make it difficult and time consuming to isolate DNA. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the E-prep reagent can be used for direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in plant species identification. DNA sample was extracted from the plant using the direct PCR reagent E-prep, and the sample was used directly for PCR without further purification. The DNA isolated with E-prep enabled the identification of the source plant species, and the results were comparable to those obtained with the DNA extracted using a conventional DNA isolation kit. The use of the E-prep reagent for direct PCR can allow faster and cheaper criminal-related plant species identification. 최근 생명체의 종식별은 분자생물학적 방법을 이용한 염기서열 분석이 주를 이루고 있다. 이때 생명체에서 DNA를 분리하는 과정은 가장 기초가 되며, 동시에 분석의 성패를 결정짓는 중요한 과정이다. 식물은 동물, 미생물과는 다르게 세포벽이 존재하기 때문에 다른 생명체에 비해 DNA 분리 과정이 까다롭고 시간이 오래 걸린다. 본 실험에서는 direct PCR 시약의 일종인 E-prep 시약을 이용하여 식물의 DNA를 분리하였다. E-prep 시약은 기존의 DNA 분리 kit에 비해 20-30% 정도의 적은 비용이고 실험의 과정이 단순하며 소요시간이 짧다는 장점이 있다. E-prep을 사용하여 분리한 DNA를 이용하여 종식별을 수행한 결과, 기존의 분리 kit로 추출된 DNA와 같은 위치에서 증폭함을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 따라서 앞으로 범죄와 관련된 식물 종식별에 E-prep reagent를 활용한다면 보다 적은 비용으로 빠르게 실험을 수행 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Assessing the Limits of Agricultural Situation for the Food Security in North Korea

이자현,정덕영,이교석,서일환,민세원 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.4

The food situation in North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, DPRK) has been in difficultysituation because of a shortage of energy, and of raw materials such as fertilizer and agricultural chemicals. The international agricultural aid programs can alleviate some difficulties in the agricultural areas, but thepolicies and measures in North Korea can not help difficulties in the agriculture due to the institutionalobstacles enforced by DPRK. The arable area of DPRK is approximately 20,000 km2, of which 14,000 km2 iswell for cereal cultivation. Fertilizer supplies in recent years between 700,000 and 750,000 tons annually wereless than 50% of the normal requirement. Also, North Korea strongly needed to inject phosphorus fertilizerand lime to increase the fertility. Soil degradation in DPRK was characterized by physical and chemicalchanges caused by rapid loss of clay particles and organic matter. Intensive ploughing and tilling to growcrops may lead to massive soil degradation and declining yields. Although farmers in the DPRK have facednumerous challenges, not least of which are soil erosion, scarce inputs and extreme weather like drought,flooding and cold spells. Therefore farmers should be encouraged to adopt more environmentally soundcropping practices, to access quality seeds and planting materials and to reduce losses after the harvest.

막, 눈 틔운 잎 외

이자현 고요아침 2013 시조시학 Vol.47 No.-

알스트로메리아 배주배양을 통하여 획득한 정역교배 자손의 혼종성 분석

이자현,정연화,한태호 한국화훼산업육성협회 2011 화훼연구 Vol.19 No.4

In this study, we performed ovule culture after reciprocal crosses of two Alstroemeria accessions and investigated genetic contribution of parents by using RAPD markers. The best method was half-ovule culture on MS medium supplemented with 60 g·L-1 sucrose and 2.2 g·L-1 gelrite at 14 days after pollination. Embryos began to germinate after 6 weeks of culture. The complete plantlets were formed after 4 months of culture. In eight progenies and two parental cultivars, 59 polymorphic bands were obtained out of 89 total bands by RAPD analysis using 7 primers. Eight F1 progenies from the crosses between two accessions using reciprocal crosses showed 1:1 contribution of maternal and paternal parents. It is confirmed that F1 progenies were obtained from parental accessions by using RAPD markers. We conclude this cross combination showed pre-fertilization barriers with incompatibility between stigma or style, and pollen because progeny number was different in each cross combination. Thereby, it warrants overcoming pre-fertilization barrier together with post-fertilization barrier in order to broaden the heterozygosity within progeny populations in Alstroemeria breeding program. 본 연구는 알스트로메리아 두 개의 교배계통을 정역 교배한 후 배주배양을 수행하였으며, RAPD 마커분석을 통하여 유전적 분배를 조사하였다. 수분 후 경과 14일에 수확하여 sucrose 60 g·L-1와 gelrite 2.2 g·L-1를 첨가한 MS배지에 half-ovule 배양이 가장 좋았다. 배양 6주 후부터 배발생을 시작하여 4개월 후에 완전한 유식물 체를 생성하였다. 7개의 프라이머를 사용하여 교배계통과 교배자손의 RAPD 분석을 수행하여 89개의 밴드 중 59개의 다형성 밴드를 얻었다. 정역교배에서 얻은 7개의 교배자손은 Χ2 분석 결과 부모본으로부터 1 : 1비율로 분배되는 것을 확인하였으며, 교배자손이 교배계통에서 얻은 것을 확신할 수 있었다. 알스트로메리아의 정역교 배에서 교배조합에 따라 교배자손의 수가 다른 것은 주두 또는 화사와 화분의 불친화성을 가지는 수정 전 장벽이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 앞으로 알스트로메리아 육종을 위하여 수정 후 장벽과 함께 수정 전 장벽 또 한 극복해야 할 것이다.

갑상선 유두상암종에서 Glucose transporter-1의 발현과 Positron Emission Tomography에서 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose 섭취와의 관계

이자현,배소영,박은희,구혜수,배문선,정성민,김한수 대한이비인후과학회 2008 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.51 No.4

18F-FDG Positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for many kinds of human cancer, where glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) acts as a main transporter in the uptake of 18F-FDG in cancer cells. The object of this study is to assess the expression of Glut-1 in human papillary carcinoma and the relationship between the expression and the uptake of 18F-FDG PET. Subjects and Method:We evaluated 30 patients diagnosed as papillary carcinoma. Tumor sizes were measured and Glut-1 expression rate (ER), expression intensity (EI) and total expression score (ES) were analyzed. 18F-FDG PET was performed in 19 patients and standardized uptake value (SUV) was measured in each case. The correlations between ER and SUV, ES and SUV, tumor sizes and SUV, ER and tumor sizes were analyzed statistically. Results:96.7% (29/30) of tumors were Glut-1 positive, the mean ER was 67.42±22.89% and the mean ES 131.8±71. Tumor cells showed higher expression of Glut-1 than normal thyroid tissue. 18F-FDG uptake was positive in 81% (17/21) of solitary thyroid papillary carcinoma and negative in 19% (4/21). The average SUV of the PET positive group was 6.75±4.8, ER 71.25 ±20.6% and ES 134.68±51.4. The average size of PET positive tumors was 3.37±2.94 cm2 and that of negative tumors was 0.43±0.45 cm2. Both ER and ES of Glut-1 were correlated with SUV significantly. The size and SUV were also correlated significantly. But the size and ER were not correlated significantly. Conclusion:Thyroid papillary carcinoma has high ER of Glut-1 and there is a positive correlation between Glut-1 expression and the uptake of 18F-FDG PET. The size of tumor can also affect the 18F-FDG uptake. But there is no correlation between the size and Glut-1 expression and further studies are needed to find the mechanisms and to decide the cut-off value. (Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2008;51:343-9)

핵 융합연구의 현황과 전망

이자현,Lee, Ja-Hyeon 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1978 과학과 기술 Vol.11 No.10

단풍

이자현 고요아침 2010 열린시학 Vol.15 No.4

Micropropagation of the Plantlets Derived from Seeds in the Genus Acorus (A. calamus and A. gramineus)

이자현,한태호,정병룡 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.1

The genus Acorus is a perennial hydrophyte used as a medicinal and aromatic plant. Acorus calamus and A. gramineus were cultured for in vitro investigation of growth rate, shoot formation and root formation on the media containing different kinds and concentrations of plant growth regulators. In A. calamus and A. gramineus, the seeds were germinated and the germination rate was almost 100%. Then, the seedlings were subcultured for the experiment on the MS medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar at different kinds and concentrations of plant growth regulators, auxins and cytokinins. The best shooting rate was obtained with about 100% on MS media containing BA (6-benzyl amino purine) or TDZ (N-phenyl-N′-[(1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl) urea]). The number of developed shoots was significantly increased at 4 mg・L-1 BA with 5.4 shoots or 1 mg・L-1 TDZ with 11.0 shoots than control with 0.1 shoots in A. calamus. The A. gramineus showed slow growth rate and low shoot proliferation rate than A. calamus in general. In A. gramineus, the shoot formation was best in 4 mg・L-1 BA with 2.7 shoots or 1 mg・L-1 TDZ with 3.9 shoots than control with 0.9 shoots, respectively. Kinetin treatments brought 100% rooting rate, which were higher than that of BA and TDZ. Root formation was the best on the media containing 1 mg・L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg・L-1 NAA in A. calamus and A. gramineus, respectively. The plantlets were transferred to the greenhouse and survival rate was 95% after acclimatization.

Continuous production of bioethanol using microalgal sugars extracted from Nannochloropsis gaditana

이자현,이희욱,이주훈,이수권,유하영,박철환,김승욱 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.1

We developed a continuous production process of bioethanol from sugars extracted from Nannochloropsis gaditana. To improve algal sugar production, the reaction conditions of acid-thermal hydrolysis were investigated based on five different types of acid and their concentrations (1-4%), and the loading ratio of solid/liquid (S/L). As a result, the maximum hydrolysis efficiency (92.82%) was achieved under 2% hydrochloric acid with 100 g/L biomass loading at 121 oC for 15 min. The hydrolysates obtained from N. gaditana were applied to the main medium of Bretthanomyces custersii H1-603 for bioethanol production. The maximum bioethanol production and yield by the microalgal hydrolysate were found to be 4.84 g/L and 0.37 g/g, respectively. In addition, the cell immobilization of B. custersii was carried out using sodium alginate, and the effect of the volume ratio of cell/sodium alginate on bioethanol productivity was investigated in a batch system. The optimal ratio was determined as 2 (v/v), and the immobilized cell beads were applied in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Continuous ethanol production was performed using both free cells and immobilized cells at 1 L CSTR. In both groups, the maximum bioethanol production and yield were achieved at dilution rate of 0.04 h1 (3.93 g/L and 0.3 g/g by free cell, and 3.68 g/L and 0.28 g/g by immobilized cell, respectively).

그날

이자현 고요아침 2010 열린시학 Vol.15 No.4