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수돗물 배급수 계통의 유리잔류염소농도에 따른 종속영양세균의 거동에 관한 연구
윤태호,이윤진,이옥재,이의광,김현,이동찬,남상호 한국환경보건학회 2002 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.28 No.3
This study was to observe the occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria in terms of free chlorine residuals in two different water distribution systems belong to both K and Y water treatment plant. The data analyzed in this study showed that in distribution systems(DS), the free chlorine residuals were decreased from 0.10 to 0.56 ㎎/1 for K, and 0.51 and 0.78 ㎎/l for Y The decay of free chlorine were clearly higher in both March and August than those in January. The HPC in DS were ranged from 0 to 40 CFU/ml for K,0 to 270 CFU/ml for Y, on R2A medium. In particular, Its level was relatively high at consumers ground storage tanks, taps and point-of-end area of Y, The predominant genera found in the distribution systems were Acinetobacter, Sphingomonas (branch of Pseudomonas), Microroccus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus. The diversity of heterotrophic bacteria was increased in the end-point area. Most of them were either encapsulated cells or cocci of gram-positve. In conclusion, the point-of-end area in distribution systems showed that the longer flow distance from WTP the greater diversity and higher level of heterotrophic bacteria due to the significant decay of free chlorine residuals.
옥상물탱크 경유에 따른 수돗물 수질 변화 및 직결급수방식 도입에 의한 수질개선 효과 연구
장현정,이현동,오세종,이목영,이의광,이채근 대한상하수도학회 2000 상하수도학회지 Vol.14 No.4
In order to compare the effect of water quality on two service systems, tank and direct connection service, we selected randomly 30 rooftop tanks installed in the buildings with five or fewer floors, and collected water samples from each tank as well as tap water by direct service. At the same time each tank was investigated on their cleanliness and sanitary control. 30 water samples from direct service met Korean Drinking water quality standard. But 5 tank water samples(17%) were not able to meet Coliform or Total Colony Counts standard and free chlorine of 12 tank water samples(40%) were less than 0.2㎎/L. Also Fe, Turbidity, TOC, Total Algae in tank water were higher than tap water on direct service. We concluded that thorough health control of water tank is necessary and conversion into direct connection service results in improving tap water quality importantly.
환경수 중 크립토스포리디움 오시스트 및 지아디아 시스트 검출의 정확도 및 회수율 향상을 위한 연구
이목영,조은주,김도연,변승헌,이의광,오세종,안승구 한국미생물학회 2003 미생물학회지 Vol.39 No.1
환경수 중 크립토스포리디움 및 지아디아 분석방법은 현재 어떤 방법도 만족할만한 민감도, 특이도, 재현성을 인정 받지 못하고 있어, 다양한 형태의 정도관리 및 수행도 평가가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 1623방법(USEPA :Method 1623)을 사용해 한강 지표수에 대한 크립토스포리디움 및 지아디아 접종시험과 현장시료 동시분석시험에 기초하여, 환경수 중 이들의 존재여부와 농도를 측정함에 있어 분석결과의 정확도 및 신뢰도, 그리고 회수율에 미치는 영향요인을 검토하였다. 1623방법에 의한 결과, 평균적으로 한강 지표수시료에 존재하는 크립토스포 리디움의 46%와 지아디아의 60%를 검출할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 각각의 회수율 범위가 13-73% 및 28-84%로 변이가 매우 커서 실제 환경 중 두 원생동물의 농도를 결정하기 위해서는 반복측정 및 통계학적 인 접 근이 수반되어 야 할 것으로 나타났다. 또한 IMS (immunomagnetic separation)중 산첨가에 의한 해체·분리과정을 1 회 더 반복함으로써 지표수시료에서의 총회수율의 약 10%를 향상시킬 수 있었으며, flow cytometry로 계수·준비된 (오)시스트((oo)cysts)를 정도관리에 사용할 경우 보다 신뢰할만한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 형광항체 및 DAPI염색은 현장시료특성 이나 전 처리과정에 따라 동일하지 않은 형광특징을 보인 바, 접종 된 현장시료 정제액에 대한 염색결과도 참조되어야 하며, 환경시료에는 다양한 비특이물질이 함유되어 있어 DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) 염색 및 DIC(Differential Interference Contrast)에 의한 내부구조 관찰이 최종 동정기준이 되어야할 것으로 나타났다. No currently available methods to monitor pathogenic protozoa, Cryptosporidium and Giardia in environmental water come close to acceptable sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and so it has to be accompanied by thorough quality control and performance evaluation to credibly predict the distribution of them. We collected surface water samples from the Han River and spiked our prepared (oo)cysts, determined Matrix Spike recoveries using USEPA Method 1623 and considered what factors influence MS recovery and validity. As a result, average 46% of spiked oocysts and 60% of spike cysts were recovered, but repetitive sampling and statistical approach seemed to be necessary to determine the environmental pollution level of two protozoa as their variation coefficients was so much as 35oio and 26%. And MS recoveries with two acid dissociations during immunomagnetic separation were improved more 10% than that with one dissociations and the use of spiked suspension enumerated by flow cytometry instead of manual preparation enhanced the validity and reliability in spiking tests. Because fluorescence characteristics of (oo)cysts stained on well slides with FITC-labeled monoclonal antibodies and DAPI was not always same, well Elides from spiked field samples were helpful to evaluate the performance of staining. We found many (oo)cyst-like objects with typical fluorescence, not (co)cysts, from the Han River water samples, and then it was concluded that nuclei staining by DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and examination by Differential Interference Contrast Microscope should be critical for valid identification.
1623 방법에 의한 서울시 상수도계통의 지아디아 및 크립토스포리디움 검출
이목영(Mok Young Lee),김도연(Do Yeon Kim),조은주(Eun Ju Cho),이의광(Eu Kwang Lee),오세종(Sea Jong Oh),이채근(Chae Keun Lee),하영칠(Yung Chil Hah) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.5
Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in water samples were detected simultaneouly using 1623 Method, which combined capsule/membrane filtration and immunomagnetic separation with immunofluorescence assay. In this study, raw water samples from 6 intakes, finished and tap water samples supplied from Kueui Water Treatment Plants in Seoul, and Wangsuk creek water samples were tested from April 1999 to February 2000, to estimate the prevalence of two protozoa in Seoul drinking water supplies. Giardia cysts were found in 25∼75% of water samples from 6 intakes in the range of 0∼9.7/10L. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 0∼50% of six intake water samples in the range of 0∼4/10L. Raw water samples from Kueui. Jayang, Pungnap intakes showed significantly higher concentration and more frequent incidence of Giardia than that from Paldang, Kangbuk. Amsa intakes. It seemed that Wangsuk creek acts as an important source of Giardia pollution in Kueui, Jayang. Pungnap intakes because all samples from Wangsuk creek, flowing in upstream of Kueui intakes, contained 19∼109/l0L of Giardia cysts. No Cryptosporidium and Giardia were found in all finished and tap water sample. We concluded that Giardia cysts are more often found in raw surface waters of Seoul than Cryptosporidium oocysts, although two protozoa were not detected in treated water samples of Kueui Water Treatment Plant.