NFC를 이용한 안전한 모바일 지급결제 시스템

이요람(Lee, Yo-Ram),오수현(Oh, Soo-Hyun) 한국산학기술학회 2013 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.14 No.7

최근 NFC 기술을 탑재한 스마트 기기를 이용하여 모바일 지급결제, 출입통제, 스마트 포스터와 같이 정보 제공 또는 광고에 관련된 응용 서비스가 제공되고 있다. 이에 따라 NFC 기술과 더불어 스마트 기기 시장은 더욱더 성장할 것으로 전망된다. 특히, 모바일 지급결제 서비스가 국내·외에서 더 활성화될 것으로 예상되고 있으며, 2012년 3월에는 모바일 지급결제를 위한 표준인 KS X 6928이 제정되었다. 모바일 지급결제 시스템은 사용자에게 편의성을 제공하지만 거래 정보를 전송하는 과정에서 데이터가 노출되는 등 다양한 보안 위협이 발생할 수 있기 때문에 인가 되지 않은 제 3자에게 전송되는 데이터가 노출되지 않도록 암호화를 수행하는 것이 반드시 요구된다. 따라서 본 논문 에서는 KS X 6928의 대면 거래와 비대면 거래에서 데이터를 암호화하는데 사용하는 세션키 생성 방식의 문제점을 분석하고 안전성을 향상시킬 수 있는 안전한 모바일 지급결제 시스템을 제안한다. Diverse application service such as mobile payment, access control or smart poster have been provided by using smart devices with built-in Near Field Communication technology. Especially, a mobile payment system can provide convenience to its users, but it also can poses including data disclosure while transmitting. There are vulnerabilities while generating session keys used to encrypt data in transaction processes as proposed in KS X 6928, the standard for mobile payment system. Therefore, in this thesis, I analyzed weaknesses of session keys used to encrypt transaction data and proposed a more secure mobile payment system based on NFC to enhance security. The proposed system will provide security functionalities such as key freshness, mutual authentication and key confirmation.

Establishing DNA markers to differentiate Agastache rugosa and Pogostemon cablin, which are confusedly used as medicinal herbs, using real-time PCR

어요람,장철성 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.2

Agastache rugosa and Pogostemon cablin are used as medicinal herbs and aromatic plants and belong to the family Lamiaceae. Despite differences in composition and physicochemical properties, both plants are frequently sold as the medical substance “Kwakhyang” in some Asian countries. Molecular markers were established to distinguish between the two plants using quantitative real-time PCR. Species-specific primers were designed in the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and in the chloroplast genes matK, rbcL, and rpoB. Six primer sets were tested, the correlation coefficient was higher than 0.99, and the slope was approximately − 3.36 to − 3.58. Efficiency ranged from 90.13 to 98.52%. The developed real-time PCR assay was validated with 14 off-target species, and its reliability was verified through blind testing of 14 commercial products. The assay developed here may help protect consumer rights, and the designed primers can be used to distinguish between the target species.

언어 중심 개념미술(conceptual art)을 활용한 사회정의 기반 미술교육 지도 사례 연구

정요람(Yoram Jeong) 한국미술교육학회 2017 美術敎育論叢 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 동시대미술의 한 갈래로서 개념미술(conceptual art)을 활용한 사회정의 기반 미술교육 수업의 지도 사례를 소개하고, 해당 수업의 미술교육적 의미와 가치를 고찰하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 개념미술은 미술의 비(非)물질화를 기조로 하여, 미술 작품을 둘러싼 사회적, 제도적 권위에 대한 도전과 비판을 주제로 하는 현대미술의 한 흐름이다. 넓은 의미의 개념미술은 작품 그 자체보다 작품을 이루는 아이디어나 개념, 과정을 더 중시하는 모든 미술 경향을 일컫는다. 본 연구에서는 문자 언어를 중심으로 하여 사회정의적 주제를 다루는 좁은 의미의 개념미술에 초점을 맞추었다. 초등학교 6학년을 대상으로 언어 중심 개념미술을 활용한 사회정의 기반 미술 수업을 수행하여 얻어진 미술교육적 가치는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들이 현대미술에 대한 열린 사고와 이해를 갖게 되었다. 둘째, 학생들이 미술 교과에 대한 가진 흥미와 성취감을 향상시키는 계기를 마련해 주었다. 셋째, 학생들이 세계시민이자 사회구성원으로서 스스로 선택한 사회참여적 가치를 미적으로 표현하는 교육적 기회를 통해 사회참여적 가치를 인식하고, 이에 대한 실천의지를 기를 수 있었다. 본 연구는 사회참여적 가치라는 접점을 가진 사회정의 기반 미술교육과 개념미술을 초등학교 미술교육 현장에 적용하는 하나의 사례로서 참고가 될 수 있을 것이다. This study presents a case of teaching art for social justice using conceptual art as a branch of contemporary art. It aims to examine the meaning and value of this approach in terms of art education. Conceptual art is one of the trends of modern art that concerns challenge and criticism against social and institutional authority around art works on the basis of the dematerialization of art. This study focuses on the narrow meaning of conceptual art, which addresses subjects related to social justice based on written language. An art class concerning social justice was given to sixth graders at an elementary school using language-based conceptual art. The following are the values of the class in terms of art education. First, students opened their minds to and gained an understanding of modern art. Second, the class helped students improve their interest in and sense of fulfillment through art. Third, the class was an educational opportunity for students to artistically express the social participatory values they chose themselves as world citizens and members of society. They were able to recognize the value of social participation and strengthen their will for practice. This study serves as a reference, a case which applied art education for social justice, and as conceptual art that shares the common idea - the ‘value of social participation’ in elementary school art classes.

Development of real-time PCR-based markers for differentiation of Oplopanax elatus and Aralia cordata in commercial food products

어요람,김연미,김명조,장철성 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.14

Oplopanax elatus and Aralia cordata, commonly referred to as “Dureub” in Korea, are generally used as medicinal or food raw materials. Although O. elatus, a rare and endangered plant, is typically sold at high prices, the more abundant A. cordata is comparatively inexpensive. Given their common names and morphological root similarities, both plants can easily be confused, thereby providing potential opportunities for fraudulent use in food products. Species-specific molecular markers that can be used for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis were developed. Verification of the six primer pairs revealed a correlation coefficient greater than 0.99, with a slope between -3.33 and -3.56. The assay confirmed specificity based on an analysis of 14 non-target plant species and verified its practicality using 10 commercial products with reliability based on a blind test. Thus, qPCR assays can contribute to food safety and protect consumer rights and interests.

Establishment of Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Molecular Markers to Distinguish between Rubus coreanus and Rubus occidentalis

장철성,어요람 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.35 No.1

Rubus coreanus and Rubus occidentalis of the Rosaceae family are deciduous shrubs, which are commonly used in various health functional foods. The scientific name and origin of R. coreanus and R. occidentalis are distinct. However, both plants are often confused due to the morphological similarity of their fruits and misuse of the common name of R. occidentalis, “Bokbunja,” in Korea. In the present study, molecular markers were developed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to differentiate between the two species. Species-specific primers were designed using the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and chloroplast genes, including matK, atpA, rpoB, and rpoC2. When the six designed primer sets were verified, the slope ranged from -3.18 to -3.55 and the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.99. Accordingly, the efficiency ranged between 91.10% and 106.27%. Furthermore, the developed markers were verified using a specificity test on 14 other species, including the target species. The developed real-time PCR-based molecular markers are expected to prevent the misuse of R. coreanus and R. occidentalis, ultimately contributing to the protection of consumer rights in the medical herb market.

바이너리 수준에서의 Jump-Oriented Programming에 대한 탐지 메커니즘

김주혁,이요람,오수현 한국정보보호학회 2012 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.22 No.5

It is known that memory has been frequently a target threatening the computer system's security while attacks on the system utilizing the memory's weakness are actually increasing. Accordingly, various memory protection mechanisms have been studied on OS while new attack techniques bypassing the protection systems have been developed. Especially, buffer overflow attacks have been developed as attacks of Return to Library or Return-Oriented Programing and recently, a technique bypassing the countermeasure against Return-Oriented Programming proposed. Therefore, this paper is intended to suggest a detection mechanism at binary level by analyzing the procedure and features of Jump-Oriented Programming. In addition, we have implemented the proposed detection mechanism and experimented it may efficiently detect Jump-Oriented Programming attack. 컴퓨터 시스템의 안전성을 위협하는 주요 취약점으로 메모리 관련 취약점이 알려져 있으며, 최근 들어 이러한 메모리 취약점을 이용한 시스템 상에서의 실제 공격 또한 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 시스템을 보호하기 위해서 다양한 메모리 보호 메커니즘들이 연구되고 운영체제를 통해 구현되어 왔지만, 더불어 이를 우회할 수 있는 공격 기법들 또한발전하고 있다. 특히 버퍼 오버플로우 공격은 Return to Library, Return-Oriented Programming 등의 공격기법으로 발전되어왔으며, 최근에는 Return-Oriented Programming 공격 기법에 대한 보호 방법 등의 연구로인해 이를 우회하는 Jump-Oriented Programming 공격 기법이 등장하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 메모리 관련공격 기법 중 최근 등장한 Jump-Oriented Programming 공격 기법에 대해 살펴보고, 이에 대한 특징을 분석한다. 또한, 분석된 특징을 통한 바이너리 수준에서의 탐지 메커니즘을 제안하고, 실험을 통해 제안하는 방법이Jump-Oriented Programming 공격에 대한 탐지가 가능함을 검증한다.

Development of real-time PCR based molecular markers for two medicinal herb Artemisia species A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi

김예담,어요람,장철성 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.1

Artemisia capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi are well-known herbal medicines which are used as hepatotherapeutic drugs. These two herbal species can be confused with each other, owing to their morphological similarity and similar Korean common names of “Injinho” and “Haninjin,” respectively. Molecular markers to distinguish between the two plants were developed. Six primer sets were designed and verified, and their efficiencies were found to range from 90.28 to 98.29%. The developed primer sets had significant correlation coefficient values between the cycle threshold values and the logarithm of DNA concentration for their target species (R2 > 0.98), with slopes ranged from − 3.3637 to − 3.5793. The specificity of the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was confirmed with 14 other species. Additionally, 16 commercial medicinal herbs and 40 blind samples were tested to evaluate their reliability. Collectively, the findings indicate that developed qPCR-based target-specific primer sets have potential applicability toward protection of consumers’ rights.