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A Compact MIMO Antenna Design Using the Wideband Ground-Radiation Technique for 5G Terminals
이예,QULONGYUE,김형동 한국전자파학회 2024 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.24 No.1
This paper introduces a 4 × 4 multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna application based on the conception of the characteristic mode of 5G terminals. The proposed antenna used a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor to control input impedance matching, while the resonance frequency was controlled by employing a resonance loop capacitor. In this way, we achieved a compact miniaturization antenna that uses ground radiation for the target 5G New Radio (NR) operating bands with n48, n77, and n78 bands. The simulation and measurement data revealed that the –6 dB bandwidth of the proposed antenna was approximately 1,240 MHz (ranging from 3.14 GHz to 4.38 GHz), while the efficiency also improved from 38.7% (reference) to 49.1% (proposed) within the 3 GHz to 4.6 GHz range. Furthermore, the radiation pattern exhibited satisfactory radiation performance. Therefore, it was concluded that the proposed 4 × 4 MIMO antenna set technology has promising prospects for application in 5G communication terminals in the future.
발달장애아동을 위한 의사소통 중재연구의 질적 지표 분석
이예다나,송건 한국특수교육학회 2020 특수교육학연구 Vol.55 No.2
The purpose of this study was to analyze the overall trends and quality indicators of communication intervention studies for students with developmental disabilities. A total of 28 articles published in accredited and Korea Citation Index(KCI) journals from 2010 to 2019 were selected. The results are as follows. First, the most widely selected subjects of study was elementary students, and this was usually performed in the classroom. The intervention was performed 10 to 74 times for 12 to 27 weeks. Multiple probe designs were the most widely used, and the most widely selected dependent variable was communication skills. The most widely selected independent variable was AAC intervention and the interventions of all studies was effective for improving dependent variables. Second, the quality indicators of the independent variable, dependent variable, and experimental and internal validity were between 60% and 80%. Other quality indicators scored less than 60%. Based on these results, we presented educational implications and suggestions for future studies. 본 연구는 국내 학술 등재지 및 등재후보지에 게재된 발달장애아동을 위한 의사소통 중재연구의 일반적 특성 및 효과크기, 질적 지표를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 2010년부터 2019년까지 최근 10년간 발표된 중재 논문 28편을 선정하여 분석하였으며 구체적인 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구의 일반적인 특성을 살펴본 결과 초등학교 학생을 대상으로 학교 교실에서 중재를 수행한 연구가 10편 이상으로 가장 많은 비중을 차지하였다. 연구의 총 회기 수는 10회기∼74회기, 연구 기간은 12주∼27주로 나타났다. 연구설계는 대상자간 중다간헐기초선설계를 사용한 연구가 많았다. 연구 결과 모두 각 연구의 종속변수에 대한 발달장애아동의 의사소통과 관련된 능력이 향상되었다는 결과를 제시하였으며, 기초선 대비 중재 구간에서 대부분 90% 이상의 높은 효과 크기를 나타냈다. 둘째, 질적 지표 분석 결과 세 영역(독립변수, 종속변수, 실험통제 및 내적 타당도)의 충족 여부 평균이 60% 이상∼80% 미만 정도의 충족 수준으로 나타났으며 연구대상자, 기초선 및 사회적 타당도의 질적 지표 충족도는 60% 미만의 낮은 충족 수준으로 제시되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 발달장애아동을 위한 의사소통 중재를 효과적으로 제공할 수 있도록 방향성을 제시하고, 이와 관련된 논의 및 시사점을 제안하였다.
이예나 한국언어연구학회 2021 언어학연구 Vol.26 No.2
This study seeks to analyze the construct validity of the mock TOEIC test by utilizing corpus analysis indicators. A commercial corpus program extracted key indicators related to vocabulary and syntax on a mock TOEIC test. A correlation analysis examined the relationship between these indicators and test results. It was possible to observe the causal relationship between corpus indices and variations in test scores when the test was taken two times. The regression analysis showed that the usefulness of the mock TOEIC test was lowered if the coefficient values of the corpus factors that had a significant effect on the change in grades in the first and second tests did not show a constant pattern in one direction (positive or negative). The results demonstrate that each indicator is complex and their influence on test grades varies depending on test types. Overall, most corpus indices used in this study showed poor predictive power of changes in test scores, and it was revealed that the mock TOEIC test is an evaluation tool lacking in authenticity. This paper contributes to the academic literature by demonstrating the possibility of using a corpus index as a usefulness verification tool. Usefulness verification can be established by examining the causal relationship between the repeated actual scores of the mock TOEIC test and the corpus index.
코퍼스 지표를 활용한 모의 토익시험의 유용성 검증 : 난이도와 변별도 분석을 중심으로
이예나 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.21 No.10
In this study, in order to investigate the factors that affect the percentage of correct answers and the degree of discrimination of the TOEIC test, a regression analysis was performed using corpus indicators that influence correct answer rate and the degree of discrimination for each part derived from the item analysis. The basic calculation word_length, consistency index LSA_overlap_adjacent_sentences, lexical diversity MTLD_VOCD, conjunction All_logical_causal_connectives_incidence, situational model casual_particles_causal_verbs_Ratio, syntactic complexity Left_embeddedness, and syntactic pattern density Infinitive_density were found to have negative effects. These factors that lower the correct answer rate can be utilized when setting learning goals. Vocabulary diversity index MTLD_VOCD, conjunction Additive_connectives_incidence, syntactic pattern density Infinitive_density, and lexical information person1_2_pronoun_incidence were found to have a positive effect. Factors influencing the increase in discrimination may provide important information for developing a learning program. 본 연구에서는 토익 시험의 정답률과 변별도에 영향을 미치는 구조적인 요인이 무엇인지 분석하기 위하여 문항 분석에서 도출된 각 파트별 코퍼스 지표들을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 모의 토익 시험의 정답률과 변별도에 대한 코퍼스 요인들의 회귀 분석을 실시하였고, 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 정답률에 대해서는 기초산출치 중에서 word_length, no_word_sentence1, sentence_length, 정합성 지표들 중에서는 LSA_overlap_adjacent_sentences, 어휘 다양성 지표들 중에서는 MTLD_VOCD, 접속사 지표들 중에서는 All_logical_causal_connectives_incidence, 상황모형 지표들 중에서는 casual_particles_causal_verbs_Ratio, 통사적복잡성 지표들 중에서는 Minimal_Edit_Distance1, Left_embeddedness, 통사적 패턴밀도 지표들 중에서는 Infinitive_density, Preposition_phrase_density 등이 음의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 코퍼스 요인들은 토익의 정답률을 낮추는 효과가 있기 때문에 하위 레벨의 학습자들이 단기적인 학습 효과를 향상시킬 수 있는 중요한 정보들을 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다. 변별도에 대해서는 어휘 다양성 지표들 중에서 MTLD_VOCD, 접속사 지표들 중에서는 All_logical_causal_connectives_incidence, Additive_connectives_incidence, 통사적 패턴밀도 지표들 중에서는 Infinitive_density, 어휘정보 지표들 중에서는 person1_2_pronoun_incidence 등이 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 코퍼스 요인들은 변별도 증가에 영향을 주기 때문에 영어 능력 하위 그룹에 필요한 학습 프로그램을 개발하는 데 있어서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
李藝路,鄭貴榮 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2002 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.13 No.-
Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) is a method that is becoming more and more popular in the modeling of flow systems in many fields, including reaction engineering. The CFD approach solves the Navier-Stokes equations and the energy balance over control volumes, small volumes within the geometry at defined locations representing the reactor internals. The results can show specific flow and heat transfer patterns that are hard to obtain with conventional modeling methods. We learned to use a CFD common code, FLUENT and simulated the distribution of the oxidant gas within the external manifold by using a FLUENT v5.0. Several design parameters for a 100kW molten carbonate fuel cell was described. The temperature was a range of 600~700℃ at 3atm. Manifold was desinged based on gas flow rates for the suggested operating condition. From this research we can understand that MCFC simulation using CFD would be applied to expect capacities of MCFC and design stacks.
멀티채널 전극을 이용한 쥐의 뇌 내 여러 영역의 활동전위 동시 기록ㆍ자극을 통한 뇌 활동 연구 및 감각기관 제어
이예나(Ye-Na Lee),이지원(Jee-Won Lee),이유진(You-Jin Lee),정희지(Hee-Ji Jung),장서영(Seo-Young Jang),유하람(Ha-Ram Yu),정소현(So-Hyun Jung),전상범(Sang Beom Jun) 대한전자공학회 2015 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.11
Whisker-barrel-motor system is a rat"s system of choice for exploring an environment and collecting information of location, shape, size and texture of objects around it[1]. Studying whisker-barrel-motor system of rats allows us to control animal"s behavior and analyze biological neural networks in vivo using live animal. In this article, multi-channel microelectrode array technology and whisker-barrel-motor system are carefully considered. This study can be applied to basic neuroscience and brain-computer interface study for controlling animal"s behavior.
초등학생 대상 증강현실 기반 영어 어휘수업의 효과성 분석
이예랑,김희진 한국중앙영어영문학회 2021 영어영문학연구 Vol.63 No.2
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of English vocabulary class using an augmented reality (AR) application for elementary school students’ cognitive (phonemic awareness and vocabulary ability) and affective (interest, self-confidence, and immersion) domains. Forty-one students participated in the class for 6 weeks (twice a week). Most of them were at a beginner level in English courses. The class for the experimental group (20) was taught using an AR technology and the control group (21) was operated using the traditional method of instruction. The research findings suggest that learning activities based on AR have statistically meaningful effects on enhancing phonemic awareness cognitively and self-confidence affectively. It is encouraging that English classes based the AR application can improve the cognitive and affective domains of young learners with low English skills. This study shows the educational potential and possibilities of learner-friendly AR technologies that can be practically applied to in education classes for elementary school students. Further studies are needed to design more effective teaching and learning models based on augmented reality platforms in English education.