아파트 단지 내 사이버 공동체 활성화 방안 연구 II - 사이버 공동체 콘텐츠에 대한 거주자 요구도 -

이영애,강순주,Lee, Young-Ae,Kang, Soon-Joo 한국주거학회 2009 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

With the development of the internet and the spread of 'digital home', apartment houses equipped with the homepages connecting apartment houses as one cyberspace unit have increased. The virtual community with a homepage in apartment complex have improved the effect on management businesses in the side of a apartment manager and increased the importance of the space with a strong tie between residents in the side of residents. But the apartment residents didn't make full use of the virtual community because they have the low level of recognition of it. Therefore, this study attempted to present basic materials for the scheme to revitalize the virtual community. For this purpose, it attempted to find residents' recognition of and participation in the virtual community and demand for the classified contents conducted before this study. In the research method, it conducted the questionnaire research. The results are as follows. 1) First of all, It was found that the apartment residents had the low level of recognition of the virtual community. There was a significant difference according to the degree and the level of using the internet. Some easy-access programs are necessary. 2) The apartment residents took part in the virtual community about 67 percents because there was a lack of the public relation of the virtual community. 3) It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of recognition and participation. 4) An attempt was made to identify the apartment residents' demand for the type of virtual community contents. It was found that most of contents were needed. 'apartment complex introduction and management information' showed the highest score among them. 5) Most respondents are affirmative to the virtual community. Therefore the residential community could be reinforced if the contents of virtual community is developed and well operated in the future.

공동주택관리상의 문제점과 개선방안에 관한 연구 - 위탁관리업 종사자의 의견조사를 중심으로 -

이영애,김정인,Lee, Young-Ae,Kim, Jung-In 한국주거학회 2012 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to offer improvements, by deriving practical problems and suggesting ways to improve more realistic solutions in the multi-family housing management industry. This study is conducted in two ways. First, it was performed by reviewing related previous studies and clarifying major issues in the multi-family housing management. Second, it was performed by a questionnaire survey method, focused on the worker's opinions for that matters. The respondents work in an apartment in Seoul and the metropolitan area. A questionnaire distributed via e-mail, and then were collected. And questionnaire did not respond were excluded from the analysis. Finding were as follows -; first, it was possible to clarify four types regarding major issues in the multi-family housing management such as 'management system', 'housing management market conditions', 'management consciousness of resident', 'management performances'. Second, it was found that the competition was fierce in the same kind. And it was quite a high turnover rate of workers because of poor working conditions. Third, the most hard part was that the employee welfare was not good at work.

미국 노인들의 빈곤이행에 대한 삶의 사건들이 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이영애 ( Young Ae Lee ) 한국소비자학회 2011 소비자학연구 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 미국의 빈곤노인들에 대한 노년기 삶의 다양한 경험들의 영향과 빈곤이행 경향을 분석하는데 있다. 고령화로 인한 사회적 문제는 점점 더 심각해지고 있고, 노인빈곤은 개인들의 삶을 통틀어 복잡한 인관관계에 의해 발생한다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 노인빈곤에 대한 이해를 증진시키고, 고령화시대를 맞이하는 기본적인 정책적 제언을 하고자 한다. 본 연구에 사용된 자료는 미국의 “Health and Retirement Study”(HRS)로 2년에 한번씩 수집되는 전국적인 패널조사이다. 본 연구는 노인빈곤의 특성과 빈곤이행에 대한 동태적인 경향을 살펴보기 위해 HRS가 처음으로 수집되었던 1992년부터 가장 최근의 자료인 2006년까지 총 8차년도의 자료를 대상으로 50세 이상(HRS 원자료의 표본이 50세이상부터 표집되었음)의 30,405명의 노인들을 조사대상으로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지난 15년간의 미국의 동태적인 노인빈곤경향을 파악하기 위해 빈곤탈출, 빈곤재진입 위험율을 추정함에 있어 Kaplan-Meier product-limt 추정법을 이용하였다. 또한 노인의 빈곤이행에 영향을 미치는 다양한 노년기 삶의 경험들의 영향력을 분석하기 위해 이산시간위험모델(discrete-time hazard model)을 적용하여 빈곤진입과 빈곤탈출 모형을 분리하여 분석하였다. 이러한 다변량분석기법은 노인빈곤에 대해 관찰되지 않는 이질성을 이해하는데 기초적인 도움을 주게 되며, 나아가 노인빈곤의 원인을 보다 실질적으로 규명하는데 도움을 줄 수 있게 된다. 본 연구의 대략적인 결과는 다음과 같다. Kaplan-Meier product-limt 추정법을 이용하여 전체 응답자들의 지난 15년간의 빈곤탈출율과 재진입율을 분석한 결과, 빈곤지속기간이 증가할수록 빈곤탈출율은 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 비빈곤기간이 증가함에도 불구하고 빈곤재진입율은 약 10%정도로 일정한 것으로 나타났다. 노인빈곤이행에 영향을 주는 요인들을 이산시간위험모델로 분석한 결과, 노인빈곤진입에 영향을 주는 사건들로는 은퇴와 나빠진 건강상태로 나타났으며, 빈곤탈출에 영향을 주는 요인들로는 은퇴, 증가된 총자산, 정부 복지프로그램의 수급자 선정 등의 사건들로 나타났다. 생애변수 선정된 총 노동시장 참여 년수와 결혼지속년수는 노인의 빈곤진입과 탈출에 모두 주요한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 빈곤지속기간이 증가할수록 빈곤탈출율이 감소하기 때문에 한번 빈곤에 진입한 노인들의 경우는 그들의 노년기를 빈곤하게 보낼 수밖에 없다는 것을 의미하며, 노인들의 빈곤 재진입율이 일정하게 유지되는 결과를 통해 노년층의 소득수준이 빈곤선 이하로 떨어질 위험에 노출되어 있는 가능성이 매우 높다는 것을 추론할 수 있다. 은퇴의 경우 빈곤진입과 탈출에 모두 중요한 변수로 작용하고 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서 은퇴기 이후를 대비하기 위한 노년기 소득보장대책이 강화되어야 함을 제언할 수 있다. 노년기는 생애과정을 통해 축적된 적정한 수준의 경제적 안정이 보장되어 있지 않거나, 만성질환의 발생으로 인한 건강악화로 인해 최소한의 경제적 안정없이 생을 마감해야 할지도 모르는 위험에 노출되어 있다는 것을 의미하게 된다. 경제적으로 취약한 노인집단인 빈곤노인들과 장애노인들의 건강불균형을 정책적으로 해소하고 그들을 위한 각종 보장혜택을 강구하는 방안이 고민되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the likelihood of poverty transition and the effects of different events on poor elderly. This study is important because the aging population has grown rapidly, and elderly poverty involves many complex relationships across an individual`s life span. The contributions of this study are to improve the understanding of elderly poverty and to provide considerable policy implications for elderly demographic changes in the future. The data for this study are from the years 1992-2006 of the Health and Retirement Study(HRS) and the sample consists of 30,405 elderly individuals from eight waves. To examine the incidence and dynamics of elderly poverty, the poverty exit(re-entry) hazard rate based on Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimates are used. Entry into and exit from elderly poverty models are separately used to estimate the conditional relationship between poverty transition and multiple trigger events as well as various covariates using the discrete-time hazard model. These multivariate techniques show a more realistic picture of elderly poverty transition in terms of providing a preliminary explanation of the unobserved heterogeneity of the elderly poverty. The major findings are: (1) in terms of poverty entry and exit rates, the exit rate was decreased during the 1990s, but the rate was increased during the 2000s while the entry rate fell somewhat during the 1990s and rose somewhat during the 2000s; (2) as the length of the poverty spell increased, the probability of poverty exit decreased; (3) as the non-poverty duration increases, the poverty reentry rates are constant at around 10 percent; (4) retirement and a negative change in health condition both have significant effects on elderly poverty entry, while retirement, increase in total wealth, and becoming insured from any government health program all have significant effects on elderly poverty exit; and (5) life history variables, such as total years of work and length of marriage have significant effects on both elderly poverty entry and exit. Results from the hazard rates(exit and re-entry rate) imply that a person who falls into poverty during his or her elderly years is highly likely to remain poor because the exit probabilities fall as the length of the poverty spell increases. In addition, the results of constant re-entry rates infer that the elderly population is exposed to the risk of falling to an income that puts them below the poverty line. Results from multivariate analysis suggest that retirement has an important role in elderly poverty transition and a negative change in health condition also has positive impact on elderly poverty entry. Thus, effective income support programs and social policies for the elderly help to prevent elderly individuals from becoming poor.

집단미술치료가 공격적인 유아의 자아존중감에 미치는 효과

이영애 ( Young Ae Lee ) 대경교육학회 ( 구 우리교육학회 ) 2004 교육학논총 Vol.25 No.2

만성질환자 가족의 질병 적응과정 연구(1) -한방병원에 입원한 뇌졸증 환자를 중심으로-

이영애 ( Young Ae Lee ) 경희대학교 동서간호학연구소 1998 동서간호학연구지 Vol.3 No.1

This study was conducted to identify the adaptation process of the families with chronically ill patients. A descriptive comparative research design was used to the subjects of forty families that have stroke patients at an oriental medical hospital. Research tools were Demands of Illness Inven-tory(Woods, Haberman & Packard, 1987), Relative and Friend Support Index(McCubbin, Patterson & Glynn, 1982), Family Coping-Coherence Index(Mccubbin, Larsen & Olson, 1982), Family Hardiness Index(McCub-bin, McCubbin & Thompson, 1986). And Family Member Wellbeing Scale(McCub-bin, McCubbin & Thompson, 1986). Data were collected from October 7, 1998 to November 7, 1998 at an oriental medical hospital located in IkSan city. The number of cases was forty and the data were analyzed by SPSSPC. Descriptive statistics of frequency, number, mean and standard deviation were used to report the results. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant differences between the two groups on the family stress. 2. There was significant differences between the two groups on the family strength(t value=-3.09, p value=.004). 3. There was significant differences between the two groups on the family adaptation(t value=-2.08, pvalue=.05).

아유르베다 체질과 청소년기의 여드름 상태에 관한 상관성 연구

이영애(Young Ae Lee),한채정(Chae Jeong Han) 한국인체미용예술학회 2009 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine correlations between adolecscents' acne states and Ayurvedic constitutions. For the purpose, this researcher surveyed high school students by using 428 copies of a questionnaire. Data from the survey were analyzed through SPSS WIN 12.0 Program. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows Most of the surveyed students were classified as Pitta in accordance with Ayurvedic constitutions. Among the subjects, those who belonged to Kapha in accordance with the same types had lots of acne some of which were purpulent or papular. Those students who were Pitta in body type had lots of blackheads and those whose body type was Vata had no acne. In conclusion, there are significant correlations between Ayurvedic constitutions and acne skins, especially highest in case of one of the types, Kapha. We suggest that various methods should be developed by using the results of this study as the basic data, such as developing effective skin care methods for teenagers according to their Ayurvedic constitution, especially a customed system for acne skin care that have practical use in aesthetics for each constitutions. Various skin conditions in addition to acne should be classified according to each constitutions in order to supplement more accurate contingency variables. Also, a more precise and generalized study should be performed in the apsect of beauty care.

놀이치료 과정에서 학대받은 아동의 외상 후 놀이특성 분석

이영애 ( Lee Young-ae ) 한국놀이치료학회 2016 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.19 No.4

본 연구에서는 돌 이후부터 친모에게 학대를 받아온 만 7세 남아의 놀이치료 과정에서 나타나는 외상 후 놀이의 특성을 검증하였다. 연구대상 아동은 친모에게 지속적으로 신체학대, 정서학대 및 방임을 경험하였고 불안, 분노 및 대인관계의 어려움을 주호소로 하여 PTSD 소견 하에 약 10개월 동안의 놀이치료를 받았다. 본 연구를 위해 Finding, Bratton과 Henson(2006)이 개발한 Trauma Play Scale(TPS)을 사용하여 총 31회기의 전체 놀이치료 과정에서 아동이 보이는 놀이의 특성을 분석하였다. 외상 후 놀이 특성 중 반복성에 대해 좀 더 세부적으로 분석하기 위해 Benedict 등(1998)이 개발한 BPTAS(Benedict Play Therapy Analysis System)을 사용하여 놀이주제를 분석하였고, 외상 후 놀이 특성 중 회피에 대해 좀 더 세부적으로 분석하기 위해 놀이를 통해 표현된 부, 모, 아동 이미지를 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. Trauma Play Scale(TPS)을 사용하여 아동의 놀이가 외상 후 놀이 특성에 부합되는지 검증한 결과 `강렬한 놀이`, `반복적인 놀이`, `부정적인 정서` 영역 특성이 두드러지게 나타났고, `회피적인 놀이` 영역에서는 `성인을 신뢰할 수 있는 능력이 크게 저하`된 것으로 나타났다. 특히 반복적인 놀이에서 나타난 놀이주제는 초기 및 중기 단계까지는 `공격이나 자연적 상황으로 인한 죽음`, `학대 및 방임이 동반된 부정적인 양육`, `파괴` 등의 부정적인 주제가 끊임없이 반복되다가 중기의 말기 단계 이후부터는 `도움청하기`, `항상성`, `안전과 보호`, `수선하기` 등의 주제가 나타나기 시작하였다. 또한 회피적인 놀이영역에서 부모 및 아동의 이미지에 대한 질적 분석을 함께 한 결과 부모상 모두 안정적이지 않았다. 특히 모 이미지는 대부분 `학대자`, `저승사자`, `모성과 존재 상실`로 표현되었고, 아이 이미지는 매우 손상된 모습으로 표현되었다. 그러나, 중기단계의 말기서부터는 5가지 외상 후 놀이 특징 영역 모두에서 그 정도가 의미있게 감소하였다. 본 연구는 학대라는 외상을 경험한 아동의 외상 후 놀이 특징을 검증한 것과 놀이치료를 통해 외상에 대한 영향력이 감소되는 것을 확인한 것에 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of posttraumatic play of an abused child engaged in the play therapy process. The subject, who was a 7 years old boy, had suffered mistreatment by his biological mother since birth. He exhibited signs of PTSD including anxiety, anger and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. The play therapy consisted of an intake session and a total of 31 play therapy sessions over 10 months. To verify the characteristics of posttraumatic play, we analyzed the play using the Trauma Play Scale(TPS) as suggested by Finding, Bratton, and Henson(2006). Next, to verify the repetitive play domain and avoidant play behavior domain more specifically, we analyzed the play using the BPTAS(Benedict Play Therapy Analysis System) as suggested by Benedict et al.(1998), and analyzed the images of father, mother and child. The results were as follows: it was observed that the play of the child who was a subject exhibited posttraumatic characteristics in terms of intense play, repetitive play, and negative affect. Initially and medium term by stages, play themes of the subject, as an abused child, included `Death by Aggression, Natural Causes`, `Failed Nurturance with Abuse, Neglect`, `Broken`. These themes were observed intensively and repetitively. Additionally, due to the trauma of the abuse, the mother image which he expressed in hjs storytelling play was very negative during all the processes. From the end of the middle stages, the images of the child were very abusive, but after those stages passed, the images of the child became more positive. Finally, in the avoidant play domain, it appears that the ability to trust adults was significantly degraded in the child. However, every theme and characteristic was seen to change from negative to positive after the end of the middle stages. Verifying the characteristics of posttraumatic play of a child having PTSD and the effects of play therapy can be seen to be of considerable significance.

장류의 경쟁력 강화를 위한 공동브랜드 개발 연구

이영애(Young Ae Lee),나건(Ken Nah) 한국디자인리서치학회 2024 한국디자인리서치 Vol.9 No.1

대학 중도탈락자 예방을 위한 인성교육 프로그램 개발

이영애 ( Young Ae Lee ) 한국동서정신과학회 2006 동서정신과학 Vol.9 No.1

자유놀이 및 집단활동 상황에 따른 유아의 인지적 행동과 정의적 행동

이영애(Lee Young Ae) 한국육아지원학회 2010 육아지원연구 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 자유놀이 및 집단활동에서 나타나는 유아의 인지적 행동과 정의적 행동의 차이를 알아보는데 있다. 연구대상은 서울 시내에 소재한 유치원 3곳의 3학급에 재원 중인 만 4세 유아 40명이 다. 연구 결과, 유아의 전체 인지적 행동은 집단활동보다 자유놀이에서 더 많이 나타났다. 인지적 행동 하위 범주별로 살펴보면 자유놀이에서는 묻기, 예/아니오로 답하기, 진술하기, 표상하기, 요구하기, 정 당화하기, 해결책 찾기가, 집단활동에서는 지식말하기, 경험말하기가 많이 나타났다. 유아의 전체 정의 적 행동은 자유놀이와 집단활동 간에 차이가 없었다. 하위범주별로 살펴보면 자유놀이에서는 만지기, 무시하기, 거절하기, 동의구하기, 동의하지 않기, 자료 조작하기, 활동상대 모으기, 활동 주도하기가, 집 단활동에서는 듣기, 주시하기, 따라하기가 많이 나타났다. This study examines difference the cognitive behavior and affective behavior of the preschool children according to the situations of free-spontaneous play or group activity. The study subjects of this study consists of forty four-year-old preschool children enrolled in three classes at three different kindergartens located in Seoul. The cognitive behavior of the preschool children was observed more in free-spontaneous play than in group activity. Examining the subcategories of the cognitive behavior, asking, answering with yes/no, state making statement, symbolizing, demanding, justifying, and problem solving were most observed in the free-spontaneous play, while knowledge telling and experience telling were most observed in group activity. Meanwhile, the affective behavior of the preschool children did not reveal show any difference between free-spontaneous play and group activity situations. Examining the subcategories, exploring material, ignoring, rejecting, seeking agreement, not agreeing, manipulating material, gathering playmates, and leading activities were most frequently observed in free-spontaneous play, while listening, staring, and mimicking were most frequently observed during group activity.