주장과 근거 관련 용어의 재범주화 -2007 개정 교육과정과 교과서를 중심으로-

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ),이선숙 ( Seon Suk Lee ) 한국어교육학회(구 한국국어교육연구학회) 2011 국어교육 Vol.0 No.136

The purpose of this study is to suggest the solution of examining the problem of terminology and systematizing the terminology in relation to assertion and base in educational effective value. The assertion and base education is more emphasized with critical thinking ability and essay. However, the use of the terminology in relation to assertion and base is ambiguous and systemless in Korean education curriculum and text book, and it doesn`t show the difference in using lots of terminology in relation to assertion and base. So educational confusion is followed. Therefore, this study examined how the terminology related to assertion and base is used in educational way, tried to categorize it according to the characteristics in objectivity and subjectivity and tried to reveal the system of terminology clearly based on common point. The sense of examining and categorizing terminology seems to be reflected in present Korean curriculum. However, in real classroom, teachers and students can`t understand the differences and common points of terminology in relation to assertion and base and are confused by them. Therefore, examining and categorizing terminology need to be reflected on curriculum plan according to the level of school system. Some may think that the terminology which is used nowadays has differences. However, The suggestion of this study focuses on the common points and educational effective value of terminology. This kind of re-categorizing of educational terminology has an important meaning in educational effective value.

가상적 내러티브 발달 연구

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ),김순자 ( Sun Ja Kim ),서영경 ( Young Kyoung Seo ) 한국언어문화학회 2009 한국언어문화 Vol.0 No.40

Fictional narrative refers to a genre involving a written or spoken narrative of the narrator`s fictional event. A child of the age of two begins to tell a story which is not based on his or her personal experience. This research has selected 8 children of 24 to 43 months and analyzed the early developmental stage of fictional narrative. The main contents of the narratives are chosen from everyday conversations between the children and their parents. The fictional narratives of these children analyzed in this paper are divided into two categories: stories that children make up and stories that children retell based on the stories they heard from adults.

어간 재구성 현상을 통해 본 유아의 용언 활용 규칙 습득 과정

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ),김태경 ( Tae Kyung Kim ),임정남 ( Jeong Nam Im ) 한국어교육학회(구 한국국어교육연구회) 2009 국어교육 Vol.0 No.130

Dissociating the stem of verb forms is one of the main challenges facing the young children in first language acquisition. This study is concerned with the reconstruction of the stems in the natural speech of young children. Our analysis is based on the natural speech data collected longitudinally from 4 monolingual Korean-speaking subjects ages 2;06 to 3;06. Results show that (1) the children overall reconstruct irregular verbs more often than regular verbs, (2) the stem reconstruction takes place when the inflected form of a word contains an ellipsis or a contraction, (3) the children tend to substitute the variants which precede the universal ending `-아/어` morpheme. The implications of these findings are that young children consider the word forms that they are frequently exposed to as a basic form, and tend to change irregular paradigm to regular one. This provides evidence of the children`s capacity to dissociate inflectional features from a verb and to locate them in some other verb inflection.

"문법" 영역과 "작문" 영역의 통합 문제

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ) 한국문법교육학회 2010 문법 교육 Vol.12 No.-

This study discussed the problem of synthesis of grammar and writing with macro three perspective. First, we need to change narrow sense grammar to principle of language use. Grammar as a principle of language use gives a foundation of literary text and un-literary text. And it does do to the activity of language. Secondly, writing consists of top-down process and bottom-up process. Grammar takes a important role of bottom-up process. In writing educational perspective, thirdly, grammar has a relation with writing in property of writing skill. Writing skills are developed with repeated practice. Concludingly, the grammar and writing are integrated in education.

텍스트 난이도에 따른 핵심 어휘와 그 관계망 변화에 대한 연구*

이삼형(Lee Sam-Hyung),길호현(Kil Ho-Hyun) 우리말학회 2018 우리말연구 Vol.53 No.-

이 글은 글의 난이도에 따라서 글의 핵심 어휘들이 관계를 맺는 양상이 변함을 밝히는 논문이다. 난이도에 따른 분석 대상 텍스트로는 국 가수준 학업성취도평가의 초등, 중등, 고등 읽기 지문 및 전공자를 대상 으로 하는 글을 선정하였다. 분석은 R 프로그램을 이용하여 텍스트 마이 닝을 수행하였으며, 단어의 출현 빈도와 상관관계를 산출하고 단어 사이 의 네트워크 구조를 시각화했다. 분석 결과 텍스트의 난도가 높아질수록 핵심어의 군집성이 약화되었으며 핵심어들 사이의 연결 관계가 다층적으 로 형성되고 네트워크의 범위가 넓어졌다. 이 연구는 텍스트 마이닝을 활 용하여 텍스트의 구조를 시각적으로 드러냈다는 점에서 의의가 있다. This study used text mining techniques to analyze the relevant network of key words according to their difficulty level. The analysis targets were selected as reading fingerprints on the NAEA(National Accessment of Educational Achievement). It also selects difficult texts targeting professionals. The analysis used the NLP4kec package of the R program. And the correlation between each vocabulary was visualised in the network structure The analysis showed that as the degree of text increases, the frequency of repeated vocabulary increases, while the relationship between the main vocabulary increases. As the text became more difficult, the network became larger and the distance between the words increased. In the case of professional writing, the number of words associated with the keywords in the text also drastically increased. This study holds significance in that it has experimentally proposed a way to visualize the structure of text by using text mining techniques. It is also significant that the study showed the possibility of extending the study methods of text mining, formerly focused on extracting text frequencies, to the structure of text. However, this research is limited to the fact that it is not intended to select text on a strict basis and to generalize conclusions based on it.

쓰기 능력 발달 양상에 관한 연구

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ),주영미 ( Young Mi Ju ) 한국어교육학회 2005 국어교육 Vol.0 No.118

광복 70년 국어교육의 응전과 통일 시대의 과제

이삼형(Lee, Sam-hyung) 국어국문학회 2015 국어국문학 Vol.- No.173

본고는 광복 70년의 국어교육의 여정과 통일 시대 국어교육의 과제에 대한 논의다. 건국기는 광복을 맞이하여 새로운 나라 건설에 국어교육의 역할이 강조되었다. 국어교과서 편찬에 당시 대표적인 학자가 총망라되었으며, 소위 좌익 계열 작가들의 작품도 포함됐다. 이승만 정부의 수립 후에는 반공이데올로기를 전면에 내세움에 따라 국어교육에 대한 도전이 시작된다. 개발독재기에는 반공 이데올로기와 경제 개발과 관련된 이데올로기가 결합된 국가적 이데올로기가 교과서에 많이 반영되었다. 민주화기에서는 국가적 이데올로기에서 벗어나 국어문화 창조라는 본연의 목표에 주력하게 된다. 이러한 여정은 크게 보면 국어교육에 대한 외적 도전과 그에 대한 응전이다. 다른 한편으로 70년 동안 국어교육 이론의 정련화, 비판적 문식성의 강조 등 국어교육이 체계화되는데 이는 내적 응전이라고 할 수 있다. 통일시대의 국어교육의 과제로 언어의 이질성 극복이 지금까지 많이 논의되었다. 본고는 이 문제보다 공산주의 교육체제에서 길들여진 교사와 학생들을 어떻게 하면 민주시민으로 변화시키느냐의 문제가 더 크다고 보았다. 이러한 문제에 대한 연구가 시급히 이루어져 통일에 대비하는 국어교육이 되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this paper is to review Korean Education(KE) since 1945 and to anticipate the task of KE for the reunification of South and North. KE responds to challenge of external condition and internal problem in the past 70 years. The external challenge is divided three period. In the period of establishing a country(1945-1950), KE puts emphasis on inspiring the conscious of the national language. In the period of Korean war, there are many reading material about ideology of anti-communist and gratitude to America(U.N.). In the period of economic development, in order to unify people for economic development KE is influenced by national ideology. In the period of democratization, KE makes an effort to escape from the national ideology. The response of KE to internal challenge are to establish the identity of KE and to emphasize higher order thinking and to refine curriculum and textbook. Among the tasks of KE in the period of unification the difference of language between south and north is not very serious than expected. But teacher and student who is educated North korea’s Juche Idea are very serious. To make them of democratic citizens is going to come to challenge of KE.

고등학교 작문 영역의 구조와 내용 -고등학교 선택과목 재구조화와 관련해서-

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ) 한국어교육학회 2010 국어교육 Vol.0 No.131

This study is the structure and content of `composition` subject of highschool in 2009 National Curriculum. Now a highschool elective subject is one-to-one correspondence the territory of National Curriculum of Korean Language(k1-k9). But I think highschool elective subjects is based on the korean language ability to learn through k1-k9. So, the `composition` subject is intensified both National Curriculum of Korean Language and its `writing`. And the `composition` subject focus on the creative idea, problem solving, progress of idea, synthesize of idea and so forth, while `writing` of National Curriculum of Korean Language(k1-k9) focus on the basic skills on writing. The `composition` subject as an elective course has to have competitiveness to another elective course in Korean subject and the elective course of another subject. It is in complementary relations with another elective course in Korean subject. Especially, it is much the same with `speaking`. So, two would be better to be united to be one course.

제7차 국어과 교육과정에 대한 비판적 검토와 새로운 교육과정의 방향 설정 ; 국어과 교육과정 내용의 틀

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ) 국어교육학회 2005 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.23 No.-

읽기(독서)에서의 교육 내용 위계화 : 생애교육으로서의 독서교육

이삼형 ( Sam Hyung Lee ) 국어교육학회 2011 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.41 No.-

본고는 우리나라의 성인들의 독서율이 OECD 국가에서 최하위에 위치한다는 문제가 생애교육으로서의 독서교육이 최우선 과제로 삼아야 한다는 문제의식에서 출발한다. 본고는 생애교육으로서의 독서관을 에리히 프롬이 말하는 존재양식의 독서에 찾고 있다. 즉, 우리의 독서와 독서교육은 소유양식의 독서에 치중되어 있는 경향이 강하다. 이를 극복하기 위해서는 독서가 지식을 소유하는 수단으로서가 아니라 존재양식으로 승화되어야 한다. 또한 우리의 독서계는 문학 독서와 설명적 글의 독서를 전혀 다른 것으로 간주하는 경향이 있다. 문학 작품의 독서에서는 삶의 고양과 같은 목적을 명시하는데 반해 설명적 글의 독서에서는 단지 정보처리에 주된 관심을 둔다. 그러나 프롬의 설명대로 문학 작품의 독서나 설명적 글의 독서에 소유양식과 존재양식이 모두 가능하다면, 설명적 글의 독서라고 해서 정보처리라는 울타리에 가둘 필요가 없을 것이다. 생애교육으로서의 독서를 위해서 독서교육이 나아가야 할 방향으로는 먼저 체계적인 독서교육을 들 수 있다. 체계적인 독서교육이란 사실적 독해와 같은 기초적인 독해력을 충실히 양성하고 비판적 독해와 같은 고수준의 독서로 나아가야 한다고 하였다. 아울러 독서교육이 기존의 입시 위주의 독서교육에서 벗어나 독서 경험이 자신의 관심과 삶과 관련을 맺고, 독서가 끝이 없는 의미를 추구하는 과정이며 몰입하여 기쁨을 누리는 과정이라는 의미 있고 재미있는 독서 경험이 중심이 되는 독서교육을 실시해야 한다. Our country`s reading rating of adult is the lowest in OECD. This article makes it a important task which the teaching of reading as a lifelong education settles matter. Our standpoint of reading is fixed at reading as a mode of ``to be`` of Fromm`s term. In additionally, our reading and reading education have a tendency that concentrated on the model of ``to have``. To conquest this matter, readers have to sublimate their attitude that the mode of ``to have`` in the mode of ``to be``. We also have a tendency that literary reading and non-literary reading are very different. Reading of the literary text has a goal that enhancing the life, on the other hand, reading of non-literary concerns on information processing mainly. However, according to the Fromm`s saying that all the things that reading of literary and non-literary could operated as both mode of ``to be`` and ``to have``, non-literary reading does not limit the category of ``information processing``. For the lifelong education of reading, teaching of reading has to be systemized. The systemized teaching of reading is that training a basic literacy like a literal reading substantially first, then, goes forward to the critical reading gradually. In additionally teaching of reading has to get out of preparing-centered for an entrance examination and pursuits that reading experience concerned with readers` life and interest. So teaching of reading has to make everyone who reads the books could get a pleasure, a meaning of life in the reading and realize that reading is the process that pursuing meaning infinitely.