합곡(合谷), 삼음교(三陰交) 자침(刺鍼)이 백서(白鼠) 자궁(子宮) 운동(運動) 및 Cyclooxygenase-2 발현(發現)에 미치는 영향(影響)

이병철,이호섭,김경식,이건목,나창수,김정상,황우준,Lee, Byung-Chul,Lee, Ho-Sub,Kim, Kyung-Sik,Lee, Geon-Mok,Na, Chang-Soo,Kim, Jung-Sang,Hwang, Woo-Jun 대한침구의학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

By the activation of ovary hormone, many morphological changes occur in the epithelial cell lines and muscle cells in rat uterus. These two cells in uterus are important to the implantation of embryo, maintaining pregnancy and starting parturition. One important change associated with the morphological change of these two cells in uterus is the change on prostaglandin(PG) metabolism. Its presence and synthesis in endometriurn and myometrium in uterus affects estrous cycle and the start of embryo implantation in uterus. It also performs as an important modulator in parturition. So the abnormally weak expression of PG causes difficulty during labor and over-expression causes pre-term labor. PG biosynthesis starts from either free or liberated arachidonic acids from membrane phospholipid by phospholipase. Such arachidonic acids are converted into PG catalyzed by Cyclooxygenase. Under normal physiological condition, Cyclooxygenase-1(COX-1) having 602 units of amino acids controls the synthesis of PG. It acts as a local hormone regulating vasomodulation of blood flow, flexible muscle movement, increasing the blood permeability and contributing the protective role in preserving integrity of the stomach lining and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced by the inflammation, pregnancy and increased its expression until parturition. Lipid metabolite like PG is located in uterine and expression of COX-2 increased with pregnancy. Increased expression of COX proteins in epithelial cells and myometrial cells are told to increase the muscle contractility in uterus but decreased right after the labor in rat. It is a good sign indicating that COX proteins are deeply related to the start of labor. Currently, Several studies report the use of PG and COX-2 inhibitor as medication for controlled abortion or to prevent pre-term labor but they entail various side-effects. Our study proposed to suggest use of acupuncture as an another mediator to control abortion or pre-term labor without causing unnecessary side-effects by those medicines. Two acupuncture sites, LI-4 & SP-6 were selected due to their known efficacy. From the immunohistochemical staining of COX-2, normal expression of COX-2 protein in nonpregnant SD rat's uterus revealed that COX-2 protein was primarily detected in the lumina epithelial lining and in the epithelial cell lining contacting the stromal cells. High resolution optical microscopic scanning revealed distinguishable staining in the myometrial mucosa. LI-4 acupuncture administered nonpregnant rat's uterus showed strong expression for COX-2 in endometrium contacted with lumina epithelial lining of rat uterus and in myometrial mucosa. Stromal cells showed more staining than untreated nonpregnant rat's uterus and stronger staining in stromal cells contacting myometrial layer compared to untreated nonpregnant rat's uterus. SP-6 acupuncture administered nonpregnant rat's uterus showed weak expression for COX-2 in myometrial layers and stromal cells but no staining was visible in lumina epitheliai and glandular epithelial cells. Few stromal cells and myometrial mucosa were positively stained for COX-2. Pregnant SD rat's uterus was also immunostained for COX-2 expression after 18 days of pregnancy. Unlike to untreated nonpregnant rat's uterus, luminal epithelial cells were not positively stained for COX-2 but stronger staining for COX-2 was revealed in stromal cells. LI-4 acupunctured SD rat's uterus had very strong expression of COX-2 in luminal epithelial lining. Few stromal cells showed stronger positive COX-2 staining and myometrial layers also showed more expression than untreated pregnant rat. SP-6 acupuncture administered pregnant SD rat's uterus showed positive expression of COX-2 in epithelial cells of luminal mucosa layer but weaker than that of LI-4 acupuncture treatment's case. However, strong positive staining was revealed in stromal mucosa and myometrial layers. Virgin SD rat's uterus motility index during LI-4 acupunctur

치료방사선사의 직무에 의한 신체손상(근골격계 증상)에 관한 연구

이병철,조정희,신동봉,우중열,박재일,Lee, Byung-Chul,Cho, Jung-Hee,Shin, Dong-Bong,Woo, Jung-Yeol,Park, Jae-Il 대한방사선치료학회 2004 大韓放射線治療技術學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

목적 : 이 연구의 목적은 아직까지 시행되지 않은 치료 방사선사를 대상으로 신체부위별 근골격계 질환의 증상에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악함으로써 방사선치료사의 직업성 근골격계 질환의 발생부위와 유병율, 위험요인을 파악하는데 기초 자료로서 삼고자 함이다. 첫째, 치료 방사선사의 인구사회학적 특징을 알아본다. 둘째, 치료 방사선사의 업무 특성에 따른 목, 어깨, 허리, 팔, 손/손목, 다리의 근골격계 자각증상에 대한 호소 실태를 알아본다.(유병율) 섯째, 치료 방사선사의 직무상 발생하는 근골격계 질환의 발생요인을 파악한다. 넷째, 치료 방사선사의 근골격계질환에 대한 관리 대처방안을 도출한다. 대상 및 방법 : 조사연구대상자는 2003년 현재 대한방사선치료학회에 등록된 회원중 서울지역의 6개 병원에 근무하는 치료방사선사(약 100명)를 대상으로 설문조사를 한다. 가. 설문지 측정도구로서 설문지를 이용하며, 설문지의 내용은 치료방사선사의 일반적인 특성인 "연령, 성별, 총 근무 연수, 작업부서, 1일 평균 근무시간, 1일 평균 휴식 시간, 1일 평균 환자 수, 운동여부 근골격계 자각증상인 "목, 어깨, 허리, 손목, 등, 손가락 등" NIOSH의 정의에따라 산업안전공단에서 국내 실정에 맞게 수정 보완된 설문지를 이용한다(산업안전공단, 2002). 나. 자료 수집 이 연구의 대상은 서울지역 위치한 종합병원에 근무하고 있는 방사선치료사로 2003년 9월 한달동안 자료를 수집한다. 우선 20명의 방사선치료사를 대상으로 2003년 8월 15일부터 8월 17일까지 예비조사를 시행하여 객관성과 타당도를 검증한 후 설문문항을 재구성한다. 설문지의 한다. 자료 수집 방법 우편발송을 통한 조사로 발송전 전화를 이용하여 조사목적과 작성방법을 설명한 후 발송한다. 결과 : 전체 대상자 72명중 50명($69.5\%$)이 근골격계증상을 보이고 있었으며, 근골격계증상이 없다고 한 대상자는 22명($30.5\%$)으로 나타났다. 이것은 상당히 높은 수준의 증상율이며 증상완화와 예방대책의 반드시 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 52명의 근골격계 증상자중 목 부위를 호소하는 중상자는 22명($33.3\%$), 어깨 부위는 24명($33.3\%$), 팔 부위는 9명($12.5\%$), 손 부위는 10명($13.9\%$), 허리 부위는 25명($34.7\%$), 다리/발 부위는 23명($31.9\%$)로 호소율을 보이고 있었으며, 치료 방사선사는 목, 어깨, 허리, 다리/발 부위가 대체적으로 $30\%$가 넘는 근골격계증상을 보이고 있었다. 또한 증상이 직무와 관련된다고 대답한 군은 목 부위는 24(18)명 $75\%$, 어깨 부위는 24(17)명 $70.8\%$, 손 부위는 9(7)명 $77.8\%$, 팔 부위는 10(9)명 $90\%$, 허리 부위는 25(23)명 $95\%$, 다리/발 23(20)명 $87\%$로 증상이 직무와 상당히 높은 관련성을 보이고 있었으며, 증상의 요인이 직무와 관련된 부분에서 치료방사선사들은 하루 평균이상 걷는 양 24명($33.3\%$), block 및 block mount 19명($27.5\%$), 환자 이동 및 부축 22명($31.9\%$), 환자 치료용 device 5명($7.3\%$), eletron cone 10명($14.5\%$), wedge 6명($8.7\%$), cassette사용 4명($5.8\%$), computer 사용 10명($14.5\%$)로 대답하였다. 결과로 보아 치료방사선사들은 하루 평균이상 걷는 양과 환자의 이동 및 부축이 근골격계 증상이 발생하는 가장 중요한 요인으로 보았다. 결론 : 가. 6개 병원 종합 This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of general and occupational characteristics musculoskeletal symptoms in Radiological Technologist who working in present department more than 1 year. Standardized questionnaire of NIOSH and organized questionnaire for 재rk-related musculoskeletal was to 72Radiological Technologist, employed in 6general hospital in Seoul in September, 2003. The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal symptoms were neck ($33.3\%$), shoulder ($33.3\%$), arm($12.5\%$), hand($13.9\%$), spine($34.7\%$)leg/knee/foot ($31.9\%$), arm/wrist/hand ($16.5\%$).

물리 Tyrosinase의 활성도에 미치는 영향

이병철,이종용,이덕수,김일,Rhee, Byung-Chul,Lee, Zong-Liong,Lee, Duk-Soo,Kim, Yil 한국환경보건학회 1996 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.22 No.1

I have conducted two testings to find out which water is better for drinking water. First, I made 20 mM L-DOPA solutions by solving L-DOPA (3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine) in tap water, Waters' mineral water and reverse osmotic water. Then I measured activities after adding Tyrosinase (purifide enzyme, step 3), which was extracted from Salanum melongena(mad apple), in each L-DOPA solution. Second, I solved 0.1, 0.5 and 0.9% salt in each 20 mM L-DOPA distilled water to measure activity of each salt solution. The results of the testings are as follows: 1. 10 minutes after adding Salanum melongena(mad apple) tyrosinase in each L-DOPA solution, activity of Waters' mineral water was 0.867 tap water 0.777 and reverse osmotic water 0.742. 2. Activity of Waters' mineral water was higher than that of tap water by 10.4% and higher then reverse osmotic by 14.4%. 3. Activity of Waters' mineral water was much higher than that of 0.9% salt water by 41.8%. 4. The optimum pH of Salanum melongena (mad apple) tyrosinase is 9.0. Most enzymes working in the human metabolism are alkaline and body fluids' pH also alkaline. In conclusion, an alkaline water is believed better than an acidic water for drinking.

AlN 압전 진동형 마이크로 에너지 하베스터 설계 및 분석

이병철,정귀상,Lee, Byung-Chul,Chung, Gwiy-Sang 한국전기전자재료학회 2010 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.23 No.5

This paper describes the design and analysis of AlN piezoelectric micro energy harvester. The harvester was designed to convert ambient vibration energy to electrical power as a AlN piezoelectric material compatible with CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process. To cut off the leakage current, AlN was used as the insulating layer. Also, Mo was used for the excellent c-axis crystal growth as the bottom electrode. The AlN harvester which it has the low operating frequency was designed by using the ANSYS FEA (finite element analysis). From the simulation results, the resonance frequency of designed model is about 360 Hz and analyzed the bending mode, displacement and expectation output.

제 2형 당뇨병 및 당뇨 합병증의 발생과 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-$\gamma2$ C161T 유전자 다형성과의 관계

이병철,안세영,두호경,안영민,Lee, Byung-Cheol,Ahn, Se-Young,Doo, Ho-Kyung,Ahn, Young-Min 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Objective : Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma, a transcription factor in adipocyte differentiation, has important effects on insulin sensitivity, atherosclerosis, endothelial cell function and inflammation. Through these effects, PPAR-gamma2 might be involved with type 2 diabetes and vascular disease, including diabetic complications. Recently, it has been reported that the C161T polymorphism in the exon 6 of PPAR-gamma is associated with type 2 diabetes interacting with uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene, and is associated with acute myocardial infarction. We studied the association of this polymorphism with type 2 diabetes and its complications, such as retinopathy, ischemic stroke, nephropathy and neuropathy in Korean non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic populations. Methods : Three hundred and thirty eight type 2 diabetic patients (retinopathy: 64, ischemic stroke: 67, nephropathy: 39 and neuropathy: 76) and 152 healthy matched control subjects were evaluated. The PPAR-gamma C161T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results : PPAR-gamma C161T genotype and allele frequency did not show significant differences between type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls (T allele: 17.0 vs. 14.5, OR= 1.21, P=0.3188). In the analysis for diabetic complications, T allele in diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher than controls (P=0.0358). T allele in the ischemic stroke patients was also higher than healthy controls, although it had no significance (P=0.1375). Conclusions : These results suggest that the C161T polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma gene might be associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.

<최한웅 : 소아과 임상에 있어서의 "코오티손제" 요법. 소아과 1958;1:19-23>를 읽고

이병철,Lee, Byeong-Cheol 대한소아청소년과학회 2007 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.50 No.7

회원작품 - 아라뱃길 통합센터 & 인천여객터미널

이병철,Lee, Byung-Chul 대한건축사협회 2012 建築士 Vol.2012 No.3

회원작품 - 평화의 댐 전망대

이병철,Lee, Byeong-Cheol 대한건축사협회 2005 建築士 Vol.2005 No.12

u-City 사업모델과 u-서비스

이병철,이용주,Lee, Byeong-Cheol,Lee, Yong-Ju 한국정보통신기술협회 2007 TTA저널 Vol.112 No.-

PDP용 페이스트의 시장 현황과 전망

이병철,남희인,김현돈,Lee, Byeong-Cheol,Nam, Hui-In,Kim, Hyeon-Don 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005 인포메이션 디스플레이 Vol.6 No.3