커피전문점 유형별 선택수요 결정요인 분석

이데레사 한국커피협회 2021 한국커피문화연구 Vol.7 No.2

This study aims to broaden the understanding of consumers’ coffee shop choice behavior at a time when both consumption and the number of coffee shops with diverse types of coffee are increasing. The need for a study to better understand consumer behavior is highlighted by suggesting the Consumption Values factor. It is expected that this study will also help marketers boost consumer demand for coffee shop, thereby maximizing the economic effect of the coffee market.

미곡종합처리장 곡류시료 내 곰팡이 오염과 Fusarium 독소 발생

이데레사,이수형,김이한,류재기 한국식물병리학회 2014 식물병연구 Vol.20 No.4

Rice samples including paddy, husk, brown rice, blue-tinged rice, broken rice, discolored rice and polished ricewere collected from rice processing complexes(RPC) nationwide to determine the contamination of fungi andmycotoxins on rice during 2010-2013. Among the samples, paddy rice had the highest frequencies of fungaland Fusarium occurrence, and the frequencies decreased along with milling as husk was the next. Blue-tingedrice or discolored rice was similar with brown rice for fungal occurrence, and polished rice showed the lowestfrequency. Among Fusarium species, F. graminearum species complex occupied 87% in 2012 but did 35-39%in 2011 and 2013. Aspergillus and Penicillium species appeared at low frequency in most samples but occurredat higher frequency in certain RPC samples. Alternaria, Nigrospora, and Epicoccum species occurred similarlyto the pattern of total fungi. The rice samples from 2010-2012 were analyzed for the occurrence of Fusariummycotoxins including deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, and other trichothecenes. The most highly contaminatedsample was discolored rice in terms of frequency, level, ratio of simultaneous contamination withmultiple toxins, followed by blue-tinged rice. Rice samples including paddy, husk, brown rice, blue-tinged rice, broken rice, discolored rice and polished rice were collected from rice processing complexes(RPC) nationwide to determine the contamination of fungi and mycotoxins on rice during 2010-2013. Among the samples, paddy rice had the highest frequencies of fungal and Fusarium occurrence, and the frequencies decreased along with milling as husk was the next. Blue-tingedrice or discolored rice was similar with brown rice for fungal occurrence, and polished rice showed the lowestfrequency. Among Fusarium species, F. graminearum species complex occupied 87% in 2012 but did 35-39%in 2011 and 2013. Aspergillus and Penicillium species appeared at low frequency in most samples but occurredat higher frequency in certain RPC samples. Alternaria, Nigrospora, and Epicoccum species occurred similarlyto the pattern of total fungi. The rice samples from 2010-2012 were analyzed for the occurrence of Fusariummycotoxins including deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, and other trichothecenes. The most highly contaminatedsample was discolored rice in terms of frequency, level, ratio of simultaneous contamination withmultiple toxins, followed by blue-tinged rice.

Restriction Enzyme-Mediated Integration 방법으로 확보한Fusarium oxysporum 형질전환체의 후자리산 생성능 분석

이데레사,신진영,손승완,이수형,류재기 한국식물병리학회 2013 식물병연구 Vol.19 No.4

Fusaric acid (FA) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species. Its toxicity is relatively low but oftenassociated with other mycotoxins, thus enhancing total toxicity. To date, biosynthetic genes or enzymes for FAhave not been identified in F. oxysporum. In order to explore the genetic element(s) for FA biosynthesis,restriction enzyme mediated integration (REMI) procedure as an insertional mutagenesis was employedusing FA producing-F. oxysporum strains. Genetic transformation of two F. oxysporum strains by REMIyielded more than 7,100 transformants with efficiency of average 3.2 transformants/μg DNA. To develop ascreening system using phytotoxicity of FA, eleven various grains and vegetable seeds were tested forgermination in cultures containing FA: Kimchi cabbage seed was selected as the most sensitive host. Screening for FA non-producer of F. oxysporum was done by growing each fungal REMI transformant inCzapek-Dox broth for 3 weeks at 25oC then observing if the Kimchi cabbage seeds germinated in the culturefiltrate. Of more than 5,000 REMI transformants screened, fifty-three made the seeds germinated, indicatingthat they produced little or fewer FA. Among them, twenty-six were analyzed for FA production by HPLCand two turned out to produce less than 1% of FA produced by a wild type strain. Sequencing of genomicDNA regions (252 bp) flanking the vector insertion site revealed an uncharacterized genomic regionhomologous (93%) to the F. fujikuroi genome. Further study is necessary to determine if the vector insertionsites in FA-deficient mutants are associated with FA production. 후자린산(FA)는 Fusarium 속 균이 생성하는 독소로서다른 곰팡이독소보다 독성은 낮으나 다른 독소와 중복 오염시 전체 독성을 증진시키는 것으로 알려졌다. 현재까지FA 생합성 관련 효소나 유전자가 Fusarium oxysporum에서 밝혀지지 않았기 때문에 본 연구에서는 관련 생합성유전자의 발굴을 위해 제한효소를 통한 무작위 삽입 형질전환방법인 REMI를 이용하여 FA 생성 F. oxysporum균주의 생합성유전자의 결손을 시도하였다. F. oxysporum균주 2주를 대상으로 REMI를 시도한 결과, 평균 3.2주(1 μg DNA 당)의 효율로 7,100주 이상의 형질전환체를육성하였다. FA 미생성 형질전환체를 스크리닝 하기 위해 FA가 함유된 배양액에서 다양한 식물종자의 발아여부를 조사한 결과, 11종의 종자 중 가장 감수성인 배추종자를 선발하였다. 각 형질전환체는 Czapek-Dox broth에서3주간 배양한 후 배양여액을 배추종자의 발아여부 검정에 사용하였다. 검정결과 총 5,000여 주의 REMI 형질전환체 중 53주의 배양여액에서 종자가 발아하지 않아, 이들을 FA 미(저) 생성 추정 형질전환체로 선발하였다. 이중 26주의 FA 생성량을 HPLC로 분석한 결과, 2주의 형질전환체에서 모균주 생성량의 1% 이하의 FA가 검출되었다. 이 중 형질전환체 1주로부터 REMI 벡터 삽입 부위 게놈 DNA의 염기서열(252 bp)을 확보하였으며, 이 부위는 F. fujikuroi의 미동정 게놈부위와 93% 유사성이 있음을 확인하였다. 이 부위의 FA생성 관련성 증명을 위해서는 추후 연구가 필요하다.

Comparison of Trichothecene Biosynthetic Gene Expression between Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum

이데레사,류재기,이승호,신진영,김희경,윤성환,김황용,이수형 한국식물병리학회 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.1

Nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are predominantFusarium-producing mycotoxins found ingrains, which are mainly produced by Fusarium asiaticumand F. graminearum. NIV is found in most of cerealsgrown in Korea, but the genetic basis for NIV productionby F. asiaticum has not been extensively explored. In thisstudy, 12 genes belonging to the trichothecene biosyntheticgene cluster were compared at the transcriptional levelbetween two NIV-producing F. asiaticum and four DONproducingF. graminearum strains. Chemical analysisrevealed that time-course toxin production patterns over14 days did not differ between NIV and DON strains,excluding F. asiaticum R308, which was a low NIVproducer. Both quantitative real-time polymerase chainreaction and Northern analysis revealed that the majorityof TRI gene transcripts peaked at day 2 in both NIV andDON producers, which is 2 days earlier than trichotheceneaccumulation in liquid medium. Comparison of the geneexpression profiles identified an NIV-specific pattern intwo transcription factor-encoding TRI genes (TRI6 andTRI10) and TRI101, which showed two gene expressionpeaks during both the early and late incubation periods. In addition, the amount of trichothecenes produced byboth DON and NIV producers were correlated withthe expression levels of TRI genes, regardless of the trichothecenechemotypes. Therefore, the reduced productionof NIV by R308 compared to NIV or DON by the otherstrains may be attributable to the significantly lowerexpression levels of the TRI genes, which showed earlyexpression patterns.

사이코 그래픽스에 의한 방문수요 결정요인에 관한 연구

이데레사 한국커피협회 2022 한국커피문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

Korea is the seventh largest coffee importer around the world with about 100,000 coffee shops. More than three new coffee shops, on average, are launched every day and consumers are actively enjoying coffee, all of which illustrate qualitative growth of the coffee market as well as quantitative one. This study aims to broaden the understanding of consumers’ coffee shop choice behavior. The need for a study to better understand consumer behavior is highlighted by suggesting the Psychographics factor. This study is expected to help both businesses and consumers, to understand and satisfy consumers’ psychological needs, enabling the coffee industry’s sustainable growth.

시판 건조 인삼류(백삼, 홍삼)의 곰팡이 발생

이데레사,최장남,김소수,백슬기,박진주,최정혜,장자영,김점순 한국식품위생안전성학회 2022 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.37 No.4

To investigate the occurrence of fungi in dried ginseng products, we collected 24 white and 26 red ginseng samples from the retail market. Fungi were detected in 50% and 46% of white and red ginseng samples, respectively. The average level of fungal contamination was 0.5 and 0.2 log10 CFU/g in white and red ginseng, respectively. In white ginseng, Penicillium polonicum, P. chrysogenum, and Rhizopus microsporus dominated with each having an occurrence of 18.2%. In red ginseng, Aspergillus spp. was dominant with an occurrence of 87.6%, with A. chevalieri having the highest occurrence (50%). PCR screening for mycotoxigenic potential showed that the 13 isolates of 4 species (P. polonicum, P. chrysogenum, P. melanoconidium, and A. chevalieri) tested were negative for the citrinin biosynthetic gene. These results show that the samples tested in this study had low risk of mycotoxin contamination. However, there is a possibility of dried ginseng products, such as white and red ginseng, being contaminated with fungi. 시판 유통 중인 건조 인삼류(백삼 24점, 홍삼 26점) 포장 제품을 수집하여 곰팡이 발생 조사를 수행하였다. 백삼과 홍삼은 각각 50%와 46%의 시료에서 곰팡이가 검출되었고 검출 시료의 평균 곰팡이 오염도는 각각 0.5와 0.2 log10 CFU/g이었다. 백삼에서는 Penicillium polonicum, P. chrysogenum, Rhizopus microsporus가 각각 18.2%로 우점하였으나 홍삼은 Aspergillus spp.이 87.6%로 우점하였으며 이중 A. chevalieri가 50.0%로 가장 높았다. 이 중 독성 종으로알려진 P. polonicum, P. chrysogenum, P. melanoconidium, A. chevalieri 균주의 citrinin 독소 생성 가능성을 분석한 결과, 13 균주 모두 독소 유전자가 검출되지 않았다. 이 결과는 조사한 시료의 곰팡이독소 오염 위험은 매우 낮지만, 건조 인삼류에 곰팡이 오염이 가능함을 보여준다.

휴리스틱에 의한 커피전문점 방문수요의 결정요인 분석

이데레사 한국커피협회 2021 한국커피문화연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 커피 소비와 함께 다양한 유형의 커피를 제공하는 커피전문점들이 증가하고 있는 시점에서 커피전문점 선택 행동에 대한 폭넓고 깊이 있는 이해를 도울 수 있으며, 행동 경제학의 휴리스틱 이론을 제시하고, 이를 활용하여 소비자 행동을 명확히 이해하는데 연구의 필요성을 제기한다. 또한, 커피전문점의 수요 증진을 통해 경제 효과를 극대화하는 중요한 정보로, 소비자의 커피전문점 방문 증진을 위한 마케팅을 위한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

후자린산(Fusaric acid) 생성 Fusarium 종의 신속 검출 PCR

이데레사,김소수,함현희,이수형,홍성기,류재기,Lee, Theresa,Kim, Sosoo,Busman, Mark,Proctor, Robert H.,Ham, Hyeonhui,Lee, Soohyung,Hong, Sung Kee,Ryu, Jae-Gee 한국식물병리학회 2015 식물병연구 Vol.21 No.4

후자린산은 Fusarium이 생성하는 독소로서 다른 Fusarium 독소와 함께 독성을 증진시킬 수 있다. 후자린산 독소를 특이적으로 검출하기 위해 후자린산의 생합성유전자 중 전사인자인 FUB10을 증폭하는 프라이머를 제작하였다. Fub10-f와 Fub10-r 프라이머쌍으로 PCR을 수행했을 때, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. anthophilum, F. bulbicola, F. circinatum, F. fujikuroi, F. redolens, F. sacchari, F. subglutinans, F. thapsinum에서 약 550 bp의 단일밴드가 증폭되었으며 이들은 모두 후자린산을 생성하는 것으로 알려졌다. 반면 트라이코쎄신을 생성하는 종에서는 FUB10 특이 밴드가 증폭되지 않았다. 후자린산은 푸모니신을 생성하는 종에서 함께 생성될 수 있기 때문에 FUB10 프라이머와 푸모니신 생합성유전자인 FUM1 프라이머를 이용한 multiplex PCR을 수행하였다. 그 결과 푸모니신 생성종인 F. proliferatum과 F. verticillioides에서 밴드가 모두 증폭되었으며 이는 두 가지 독소를 생성할 수 있는 종에서 동시 검출이 가능함을 시사하였다. Fusaric acid is a mycotoxin produced by species of the fungus Fusarium and can act synergistically with other Fusarium toxins. In order to develop a specific detection method for fusaric acid-producing fungus, PCR primers were designed to amplify FUB10, a transcription factor gene in fusaric acid biosynthetic gene cluster. When PCR with Fub10-f and Fub10-r was performed, a single band (~550 bp) was amplified from F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. anthophilum, F. bulbicola, F. circinatum, F. fujikuroi, F. redolens, F. sacchari, F. subglutinans, and F. thapsinum, all of which were known for fusaric acid production. Whereas the FUB10 specific band was not amplified from Fusarium species known to be trichothecene producer. Because production of fusaric acid can co-occur in species that also produce fumonisin mycotoxins, we developed a multiplex PCR assay using the FUB10 primers as well as primers for the fumonisin biosynthetic gene FUM1. The assay yielded amplicons from fumonisin producers such as F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides, allowing for the simultaneous detection of species with the genetic potential to produce both types of mycotoxins.

공정무역 커피의 가치평가 결정요인과 지불의사금액의 추정

이데레사,이희찬 한국외식산업학회 2019 한국외식산업학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of study is to analyze the determinants of economic value estimation and valuation of Fair Trade Coffee in Korea. As an analytical method, Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice(DBDC) of Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was applied using 521 samples from Seoul and metropolitan area. As a result of estimating respondents payment amount by the Willingness to Pay(WTP) truncated mean, consumers are willingness to pay(WTP) an additional 3,024 KRW for Fair Trade Coffee. The determinants that affect willingness to pay are the value-oriented propensity to consume, the individuality-oriented propensity to consume, the Involvement, and the Level of Knowledge. That is they are consumers who are willing to pay more if the quality of products is recognized, or if the products are differentiated. On the other hand, social-economical attributes do not have effect on willing to pay.

국내산 곡류와 곡류 가공품의 곰팡이독소 오염 동향

이데레사,백슬기,김소수,백지선,박진주,최장남,최정혜,장자영,김점순 한국식물병리학회 2022 식물병연구 Vol.28 No.4

In this review, the mycotoxin contamination of Korean cereals and their products is analyzed by crop based on scientific publications since 2000. Barley, rice, and corn were investigated heavier than the others. The common mycotoxins occurred in all cereals and their products were deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. Nivalenol was detected in all samples analyzed but more frequently or mainly in barley, rice, and oat. Fumonisin was commonly detected in corn and sorghum but also in adlay, millet, and rice. Adlay and millet were similar in the contamination pattern that fumonisin and zearalenone were the most frequently detected mycotoxins. Zearalenone was the most commonly detected mycotoxin with concentrations higher than the national standards (maximum limit), followed by deoxynivalenol, and aflatoxin. However, most occurrence levels were below the maximum limits for respective mycotoxins. This result shows that barley, rice, corn, sorghum, millet, and adlay are more vulnerable to mycotoxin contamination than other cereals and therefore continuous monitoring and safety management are necessary.