출판학 연구 동향 및 특성에 관한 논문 - 한국출판학연구(1982~2006)를 중심으로 : 출판학 연구 동향 및 특성에 관한 논문

이기성(Lee Ki-Sung) 한국출판학회 2006 한국출판학연구 Vol.0 No.51

‘출판학 연구 동향 및 특성에 관한 논문―한국출판학연구(1982~2006)를 중심으로’ 연구 논문은 1982년도부터 2006년 6월 통권 제50호까지 한국출판학연구에 실린 272건의 논문을 분석한 것이다. 본 논문은 서론, 선행 연구 검토, 최종 매체별 구분, 출판 분야 및 단계별 구분, 언어 문자별 구분, 필자별 논문 구분, 결론의 7개 내용으로 구성되었다. 출판에 관한 분류 방법에 대하여는 민병덕 교수, 이기성 교수, 남석순 교수, 이종국 교수, 팽건염 교수, 기륜성남 교수 등 여러 학자가 이미 연구한 바 있다. 필자는 매체별 분류, 분야별 분류, 단계별 분류, 언어 문자별 분류의 4가지를 하나의 같은 범주 내에서 구분하는 것이 아니라 각기 다른 위치(차원)에서 구분하는 것이므로 논문이나 출판물은 하나이지만, 이것을 각기 4가지씩으로 분류하는 방법을 2000년도에 제안한 바 있다. 첫 번째 : 최종 매체(media)에 의한 논문 구분(① 종이 매체, ② 전자 매체(비종이 매체), ③ 공용의 3가지), 두 번째 : 분야(field)에 의한 논문 구분(① 교과서류, ② 단행본류, ③ 잡지류, ④ 신문류, ⑤ 일반), 세 번째 : 단계(step)에 의한 논문 구분(① 기획, ② 편집, ③ 제작, ④ 마케팅, ⑤ 총괄), 네 번째 : 언어(language) 문자에 의한 논문 구분(① 한국어, ② 영어, ③ 중국어, ④ 일본어, ⑤ 기타 문자) 결론적으로 첫째, 출판학이나 출판 산업을 분석하려면 2차원 이상으로 분류하는 방법(멀티차원분석법)이 필요하다. 둘째, 제작 단계와 편집 단계의 논문이 매우 필요하다. 셋째, 출판 관련 논문을 작성하는 필자가 절대적으로 부족하다. This study is divided into 7 parts ; Introduction, Classification systems, Classification -based on output media, Classification -based on publication fields and steps, Classification -based on language and letters, Classification -based on authors, and Conclusion. Theses given in the collection of learned papers of Studies of Korean Publishing Science have been issued from 1982 to 2006 are two hundred and seventy two. Many scholars have suggested the way of analyzing the publications and publishing industry. Professor B.D. Min’s method : General remark, Selection, Production, Distribution, Managing, and History. Professor K.S. Lee’s method : Divided with final output Media, Divide with publication Field(contnents), Divided with publication production Step, and Divided with typeset Language and letters. Professor S.S. Nam’s method : Theory of publishing, Education, Production, Circulation, Reception, Environment, Industry, Electronic Publishing, Law, and International Publishing. Professor J.G. Lee’s method : Theory, Copyright/Morals, Editing/Production, Textbook, Book, Magazine, Electronic Publishing, Management/Industry, Circumstances, International Publishing, and Reading/Reader. In this study, I propose the analyzing publications and publishing industry is not only one dimension but also more than two dimensions according to the angles of vision. The first dimension is divided into 3 sections based on output media, such as Paper, Electron(non-paper), and altogether. The second dimension is divided into 5 sections based on publishing field, such as Textbook, Book, Magazine, Newspaper, and General(the others). The third dimension is divided into 5 sections based on production step, such as Planning, Editing, Production, Marketing, and General(basis). The fourth dimension is also divided into 5 sections based on language and letters, such as Korean character, English, Chinese, Japanese, and the others. Multi Dimension Analysis(MDA) which is using more than two dimensions is the most suitable way of analyzing the publications and the theses related to publishing.

한국 출판계의 변화와 발전 - 즐판학 교재를 중심으로 -

이기성 ( Ki-sung Lee ) 한국편집학회 2023 편집학연구 Vol.4 No.-

(1)본 연구의 목적은 한국에서 전통 방식의 출판 방식으로부터 컴퓨터를 이용하는 출판 방식으로 어떻게 변화하여 왔는가를 찾아내는 것이다. 전통적인 방법의 금속활자 조판 및 인쇄 방식의 출판에서 2진법에 의한 디지털 방식의 컴퓨터 시대로 새롭게 시작되고,아날로그와 디지털이 혼합 사용되는 아나털(ana-tal) 시대로 발전하고 있다. 이런 컴퓨터 혁명의 새로운 시대에 인쇄산업과 출판산업은 어떻게 변화하고 발전해 나갈지를 연구하는 학문이 ‘전자출판학(CAP)’이다. (2)즐판학 교재를 중심으로 연구한 ‘한국 출판계의 변화와 발전 연구’의 연구 방법은 1964년부터 2023년까지 인쇄,출판 업계, 학계에서 근무해온 이기성의 현장에서 보고 배운 지식, 경험을 바탕으로 하고, 출판, 전자출판 관련 서적과 논문을 조 사하는 방식이었다. 본 논문은〈1960년대~1990년대, 워드프로 세서와 전자출판〉, 〈사진식자 개론, 전자출판-III〉, 〈ebook과 21세기의 출판, 전자출판-4〉의 3개의 부로 나누어 기술하였다. This paper is the result of a study of the Korean publishing industry, college, and university that have been changing from the 1960s to the early 2020s, focusing on publishing and computer aided publishing textbooks used or referenced in university lectures. (1) The purpose of this study is to find out how publishing has changed from traditional methods to computerized publishing. From the traditional method of metal type typesetting and printing to the computerized era of binary digital publishing, it has begun anew and is developing into the ana-tal era of mixed use of analog and digital. Computerized Publishing (Computer Aided Publishing) is a discipline that studies how the printing and publishing industries will change and develop in this new era of the computer revolution. (2) The research methodology for “Changes and Developments in the Korean Publishing Industry, ” which centered on publishing textbooks, was based on the knowledge and experience of the author, who worked in the printing and publishing industry from 1964 to 2023, and examined books and papers on publishing and computer aided publishing.

산업폐수에서 분리된 카드뮴 내성균주의 카드뮴 해독기작

이기성,강신웅,김영호,김은아,김광훈,최영길 ( Ki Sung Lee,Sin Woong Kang,Young Ho Kim,Eun Ah Kim,Kwang Hoon Kim,Yong Keel Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.2

Cadmium resistant organism growing up to 2 mM cadmium was isolated from industrial sewage and identified as Bacillus sp. As the concentration of cadmium was supplemented more highly, it was shown that growing pattern had longer lag adaptive phase. Under various culture conditions, addition of cadmium induced a sharp increase in the amount of cellular polyphosphates. However, in the cell grown without phosphate, supplementation of cadmium resulted in an increase in the total amount of cellular sulfide. Meantime, from the analysis of total protein profile in the cell accommodated to cadmium, it was impossible to observe with the induction of the metallothionein-natured protein, cadmium-binding protein. When the isolated was cultivated in the presence of cadmium, cadmium was accumulated mainly in the fraction of cell wall. In electron microscopes of the cell cultured with cadmium, it was shown a number of electron dense particles that regarded as polymeric cadmium-phosphate complexes and cadmium-sulfide complexes, which were located in the cytoplasm and on the cell surface, respectively. These results revealed that cadmium detoxifying mechanisms of the isolated were carried out by insoluble polymeric cadmium-phosphate complexes, primarily and by insoluble cadmium-sulfide complexes secondarily or compensatively. From these results, the isolated could be utilized as a biological filter for removing the cadmium and the phosphate from the industrial sewage.

Rhizopus oryzae 의 카드뮴 해독기작과 이에 관련된 동위효소의 변화 양상

이기성,김영호,박영식,박용근 ( Ki Sung Lee,Young Ho Kim,Young Sik Park,Yong Keun Park ) 한국균학회 1995 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

A Study on the Multiple Trial of Unrelated Question Models

이기성,홍기학,Lee, Gi-Sung,Hong, Ki-Hak 한국데이터정보과학회 2002 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.13 No.1

In this paper, we proposed multiple trial unrelated question models that more efficient by reducing the variance of the estimate than single trial unrelated question models investigated by Greenberg et al.'s (1969) and Kim et al.'s (1992) an d Lee & Hong's (1998).

Rhizopus oryzae 의 생리 생화학적 카드뮴 해독기작

이기성,김영호,박영식,박용근 ( Ki Sung Lee,Young Ho Kim,Young Sik Park,Yong Keun Park ) 한국균학회 1995 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

대청호 및 금강수역의 유기물 분해능과 오염의 신호지표

이기성,고동규,박영식,최청일,최영길 ( Ki Sung Lee,Dong Kyu Ko,Young Sik Park,Chung Il Choi,Yong Keel Choi ) 한국환경생물학회 1995 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.13 No.1

In order to test the microbiological degradability of organic compounds and self-clarification, cycle of phosphorus compound in Daechung Reservoir Lake and Kum River area, physico-chemical factors and various bacterial population were analyzed. Also exo-enzymes activities, the amount of chlorophyll, polyphosphate, and DNA amount of cells were measured during from April to September in 1993. As a result of physico-chemical factor analysis, self-clarification of Deachung Reservoir Lake on upstream of Kum River was recognized periodically. The community sizes of total heterotrophic bacteria were evenly distributed seasonally. However the community sizes of total heterotrophic bacteria in the middlestream and downstream were distributed higher than those in the upstream of Kum River. Also population densities of indicator microbes for the determination of pollution such as E. coli and antibiotics or heavy metal resistant bacteria were higher in Gapchun stream and the middlestream of Kum River than those in other areas. And the populations of the indicator microbes were tended to increase more during the summer than those in the other season. The various exo-enzymes were mainly contributed to the water environment, so the self-clarification of each sites may be proceeded gradually by the degradation of organic compounds. The amounts of poly-P were relatively high temporally before the blooming of phytoplankton. It was also high in the polluted area that the relative ratios of poly-P to DNA or to chlorophyll can be applied usefully for the biological index checking the unbalanced and eutrophicated state of nutrition in environment.

금강수역내에서 분리된 몇 종의 Ampicillin 내성균의 β-Lactamase 발현양상

이기성,고동규,최원창,문영길,박영식,최청일,최영길 ( Ki Sung Lee,Dong Kyu Ko,Won Chang Choi,Yong Keel Mun,Young Sik Park,Chung Il Choi,Yong Keel Choi ) 한국환경생물학회 1994 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.12 No.1

In order to characterize the bacterial β-lactamase types occurred in Kum river area, this research was designed to analyze with identification upon ampicillin (Amp) resistant bacteria, and was investigated into relationships between β-lactamase expression (inducibility) and growth phase under ampicillin shift and with restriction patterns of R-plasmids. As the identification result upon 4 strains of Amp resistant bacteria, KL 601 is identified as Pasteurella maltocida, KL 602 as Enterobacter agglomerans, KL 609 as Pseudomonas maltophilia and KL 611 as Acinetobactor calcoaceticus, respectively. In order to investigate Amp effect upon growth, when the Amp resistant bacteria were cultivated in nutrient liquid LB medium, in LB medium added with Amp, or in LB medium in the manner of Amp shift, the changes in growth rate and lag phase could not be observed. However, upon the prototrophic strains, KL 602 and KL 609, examining Amp effect upon these two strains in minimal GM63 liquid media, even though there was no change of maximum growth yield, the latent lag phase become very lengthened. In nutrient medium, β-lactamase activities of these 4 strains were metabolically regulated in accordance with growth phase, on the other hand, in minimal medium were differently regulated in accordance with growth phase and with strains. It could be postulated that KL 609 strain has the M.W.24,000, β-lactamase type which E. coli comprise, however, that KL 601, KL 602 and KL 611 have the M.W.35,000, β-lactamase type which E. cloacae or C. freundii comprise. Through the whole growth phase, since Amp did not affect to phosholipid metabolism, there is no change in phospholipid compisition upon Amp effect. Main phospholipid are the phosphatidyl glycerol and cardiolipin in all 4 Amp resistant strains. So, it was very significant that there were no changes in phospholipid composition and in growth rate upon nutrient medium under Amp stress. In order to recognize whether Amp resistant strains comprise the plasmid or not, preparation of plasmids and restriction digestion with Bam H1 were carried out, KL 601 strain has about 30 Kb of plasmid, KL 609 and KL 611 strain have about 25 Kb of plasmid and KL 602 does not have the plasmid, however. Hence, it will be predicted strongly that β-lactamase gene in KL 602 might be encoded chromosomally. Moreover, considering the results upon the changes of β-lactamase acticity, upon β-lactamase inducibility and upon changes of periplasmic protein profile under Amp stress, its prediction is very recognizable.

층화 3단계 무관질문모형

이기성,홍기학,손창균,Lee, Gi-Sung,Hong, Ki-Hak,Son, Chang-Kyoon 한국통계학회 2011 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.18 No.4

본 논문에서는 사회적으로나 개인적으로 매우 민감한 조사에서 조사하고자 하는 모집단이 여러개의 층으로 구성되어 있는 경우에, 김종호등 (1992)이 제안한 2단계 무관질문모형에서 사용한 단순임의 추출법 대신에 층화추출법을 적용하여 각 층의 모비율에 대한 추정뿐만아니라 모집단 전체 모비율에 대한 추정을 할 수 있는 층화 2단계 무관질문모형을 제안하였다. 그리고 층화 2단계 무관질문모형을 층화 3단계 무관질문 모형으로 확장하였다. 또한, 제안한 2단계와 3단계 층화 무관질문모형들에 있어서 각 층의 표본배분에 대하여 비례배분과 최적 배분 문제를 고려하여 다루었다. 마지막으로 층화 2단계 무관질문모형과 층화 3단계 무관질문모형과의 상대효율을 비교하였으며, 그 결과 층화 3단계 무관질문모형이 층화 2단계 무관질문모형보다 효율성면에 있어서 더 우수함을 알 수 있었다. For procuring more sensitive information and estimating stratum target population proportion as well as an overall one form a sensitive population composed of several strata we suggest a two-stage stratified unrelated question model that uses stratified random sampling instead of simple random sampling in the two-stage unrelated question model by Kim et al. (1992) and extend it to the three-stage stratified unrelated question model. We also deal with the proportional and optimal allocation problems in each suggested model, compare the relative efficiency of the suggested two models, and show that the three-stage stratified unrelated question model is more efficient than the two-stage one in view of the variance.

금강수역내 항생제 및 중금속내성균의 분포 및 동시내성빈도

이기성,고동규,최원창,오태엽,박영식,최청일,최영길 ( Ki Sung Lee,Dong Kyu Ko,Won Chang Choi,Tae Youp Oh,Young Sik Park,Chung Il Choi,Yong Keel Choi ) 한국환경생물학회 1993 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.11 No.2

As the basic study to solve the recent big problems upon the bacterial multi-drug resistance recognizing seriously from the viewpoint of microbial ecology, clinical medicine and public health, this study was carried out temporally and spatially upon Kum river area that has been recently accelerated the pollution for the purpose of analysis such as distribution of heterotrophic bacteria, distribution of resistant bacteria upon prevalently utilizing antibiotics(Ampicillin, Amp ; Chloramphenicol, Cm ; Tetracycline, Tc ; Kanamycin, Km ; Streptomycin, Sm) and heavy metal(mercury, Hg ; cadmium, Cd), frequency of multi-drug resistances, frequency of resistant factor transfer, compatibility and/or incompatibility. In May, 1992, community sizes of total heterotrophic bacteria reached to 5×10 exp (7)CFU/㎖ in site 1(1S, Kapchun stream`s water), 5×10 exp (8)CFU/㎖ in site 2(2S, Kapchun soil) where industrial and domestic sewages were chiefly flowed, and reached to 1×10 exp (8)CFU/㎖ in site 3(3S, Sanne stream`s water), 1×10 exp (7)CFU/㎖ in site 4(4S, Sanne soil) where agricultural domestic sewages were. Total heterotrophic bacteria in Kapchun area(1S, 2S) were distributed 50 times higher than those in Sanne area(3S, 4S) respectively. Compared with water, soil contained 10 times higher in heterotrophic bacteria. Of heterotrophic bacteria, compositional ratios of resistant bacteria upon antibiotics and heavy metals were shown to the level of 0.07% in May, 1992 and to the level of 0.2% in October, 1992. So, frequency of resistant bacteria increased in October about 3 times higher than in May. The frequent order of resistant factor was Tc, Km, Cd, Amp, Hg, Cm, in May, 1992 and was Cd, Amp, Sm, Hg, Km, Tc, Cm, in October, 1992, respectively. Especially, Cd resistant bacteria were distributed upon all experimental sites more frequently in October, 1992 than in May, 1992. Passing through the rainy period in summer, the distributional change of resistant bacteria indicate strong evidence for the influx of large amount of sewage containing lots of resistant bacteria and of pollutants to the Kum river area. Considering the genetic linkage between antibiotics resistance and heavy metal resistance and distributional change of multi-drug resistant bacteria, resistant factor such as Tc, Amp, Cd were shown the highest frequency of simultaneous coexistence, so they are closely linked with other resistant factors the most from the viewpoint of molecular genetics. Most of resistant bacteria comprise generally simultaneous multi-drug resistance upon 5 to 3 drugs. As especial results, considering the relationship of simultaneous coexistence in antibiotics and heavy metal resistance, Cd resistance bacteria comprise other resistance factors such as Tc(70%) and Amp(68%) simultaneously and frequently and Hg resistant bacteria, such as Tc(80%) and with Cd(70%). In the transferability and incompatibility upon resistant factors, only 1% of resistant factors was the conjugative, transferable type plasmid, and 99% of them showed the incompatibility in the other strains.