보문 : 인체 두피 모발의 미세구조에 관한 일반적인 특성 -I. 모간의 미세구조-

이귀영 ( Gui Yeong Lee ),장병수 ( Byung Soo Chang ) 대한미용과학회(구 한국두피모발미용학회) 2010 대한미용학회지 Vol.6 No.3

We investigated the general characteristics on the morphology and ultrastructure of the virgin hairs using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, sampled from 20 years woman`s and men`s hair shaft. The structures of the cortex, medulla and cuticle were well exited. The cuticular cell was easily discernable, which are composed of A layer, exocuticle, endocuticle. In particular, endocuticle of cuticular cell had holes about 0.1~0.5 μm in diameter in it. And in the cortical cell of the cortex, many macrofibrils and some melanin granules between them were observed. We observed polyhedral or rectangular macrofibrils running parallel along the direction of hair shaft. The melanin granules were identified among the macrofibrils in the cortex and shown rice grain shape with pitted surface. A lot of small holes about in diameter 0.05~1 μm are formed adjacent of cortical cell membrane and between macrofibrils in the cortical cell.

영구염색제로 처리한 모발 큐티클층의 미세구조적인 변화

이귀영 ( Gui Yeong Lee ),장병수 ( Byung Soo Chang ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2011 대한미용학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The ultrastructural changes of the hair cuticle layer treated with oxidizing permanent dye were investigated using transmission electron microscope. In the transmission electron microscopy, the cytoplasm of the cuticle cells of the hair surface was broken and lifted off. The endocuticle and exocuticle of the cuticle cells were cleary differentiated from each other by difference of the electron density. In particular, small particles with high electron density were darkened and attached on the surface of cuticle cells of the permanent dyed hair shaft. The particles were about 7~8 nm in diameter and coated along the cuticle cell membrane. This seems to result from generating large particles through a chemical reaction of the para-phenylenediamines (PPD) of small molecule and the resorcinol, developer before they penetrate into cortex.

바다모래 채취로 인한 해양환경 영향 조사의 개선 방안

김영태(Yeong Tae Kim),김귀영(Gui-Young Kim),이대인(Dae-In Lee),전경암(Kyeong-Am Jeon),엄기혁(Ki-Hyuk Eom),강성경(Seong-Gyeong Gang),김인철(In-Chul Kim),김진민(Jin Min Kim),최보람(Bo Ram Choi) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2013 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

연안준설 사업에 따른 해양 수질 및 퇴적물 영향평가 개선 방안

김영태,김귀영,전경암,이대인,유준,김희정,김인철,엄기혁,Kim, Yeong-Tae,Kim, Gui-Young,Jeon, Kyeong-Am,Lee, Dae-In,Yu, Jun,Kim, Hee-Jung,Kim, In-Chul,Eom, Ki-Hyuk 해양환경안전학회 2013 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.19 No.2

2000년대 초반부터 연안준설 사업의 수요가 크게 증가하였고, 기타 연안개발 사업과도 중첩되어 준설토의 발생량은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이로 인해 주변해역에 대한 환경 영향이 심화될 수밖에 없는 상황에서, 2011년 제출된 해역이용협의서 중 준설이 포함된 사업의 해수 및 해저 퇴적물에 대한 해양환경영향평가 현황을 파악하였다. 해양환경영향평가 항목 중 일반 항목들의 조사 비율은 대체로 높은 반면, 중금속 등 유해 물질의 경우에는 세부항목들 간 조사 비율 편차가 크게 나타났다. 한편 중금속 분석 시 협의서 작성 지침에 따른 전처리 과정(완전 분해)과 분석 방법이 제대로 수행되지 않았다. 또한 작성 지침에 명시되어 있지는 않지만, 결과값에 대해 신뢰도 확보를 위한 검증(회수율 및 검출한계 산정) 수행 현황도 매우 미흡한 것으로 파악되었다. 이로 인해 연안 준설 및 개발에 따른 주변 해양환경영향평가가 부실하게 진행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 해양 수질 및 퇴적물 환경에 대해 보다 엄정한 평가와 진단을 위해서는 협의서 작성에 관한 세부 지침의 보완이 요구되며, 해역이용협의 제도의 개선을 통해 정확한 해양환경영향평가가 수행되도록 협의서 작성지침의 준수 의무를 강화할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. Since the early 2000s, demand for coastal dredging projects have been significantly increased, and the dredged sediments have showed the continuing marked increases through the multiple projects with other coastal development and constructions. As significant or potential degradation of marine environment has been mounting, we checked the current situation of marine environmental impact assessment through marine water and sediment qualities in relation with dredging projects of the sea area utilization consultation statements submitted in 2011. While analysis percentages of the general items were usually higher, harmful components such as metals revealed wide variation of analysis percentages. In the event of analysis of metals, the pre-treatment process (full digestion) and analysis method were not properly implemented in accordance with the guidelines for preparation of consultation statements. Although not specified in the guidelines, verification procedures (tests of recovery efficiency and detection limit) to secure the reliability were almost ignored. As a result, most of developers did conduct poor marine environmental impact assessment on coastal dredging and related projects. We suggested that the responsible government authority should establish new detailed guidelines on the sea area utilization consultation for more strict evaluation and diagnosis of marine environment and distinctly request the developer to obey the guidelines by complementing the system of the sea area utilization consultation.

자외선 조사에 따른 모발의 물리화학적 변화에 관한 연구

장병수,나수경,이귀영,Chang, Byung-Soo,Na, Su-Kyong,Lee, Gui-Yeong 한국현미경학회 2006 Applied microscopy Vol.36 No.2

자외선 B를 사람의 두피에서 채취한 모발에 6시간, 12시간, 24시간. 48시간 동안 각각 조사한 후 모발의 미세구조적인 변화 과정과 모발 단백질의 분해에 의한 원소 성분의 함량 변화를 전자현미경 및 에너지분산분광분석기를 이용하여 분석하였다. 자외선에 6시간 조사된 모발에서 모발 표면은 중첩된 큐티클층이 분리되어 있거나 부러져있는 상태로 나타났다. 큐티클세포의 내큐티클에는 직경이 30nm에서부터 700nm크기의 공포를 형성하고 있었다. 자외선에 12시간 조사된 모발에서 피질은 치밀하게 배열되어 있는 각화세포의 세포막이 파괴되어 공포가 형성되었는데 공포는 세포막을 따가서 일렬로 배열되어 있었다. 또한, 멜라닌 과립과 접촉하고 있는 거대원섬유에서 공포가 형성되어 멜라닌 과립과 분리되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 시기에도 멜라닌 과립의 모양이나 크기의 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 자외선에 24시간 조사된 모발에서 큐티클세포들은 절단된 상태로 관찰되었고 세포질의 내큐티클에 형성된 공포들은 인접해 형성된 공포들과 융합되었다. 자외선에 48시간 조사된 모발은 표면이 거칠게 나타났고, 큐티클의 안쪽 층에 있는 세포에서부터 형성된 공로로 인해 위쪽에 있는 큐티클 세포는 들뜨면서 조각나 떨어져 나갔다. 자외선 조사를 받아 손상된 모발의 원소성분을 에너지 분산 분광분석기로 분석한 결과 정상모발 보다 산소성분의 함량이 높게 나타났으나 황의 성분은 감소되었다. The physicochemical properties of damaged hair by irradiation of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) have been investigated by using transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The range of irradiation of hair irradiated for expectative 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours with stimulated ultraviolet ray. The treated hairs showed characteristic morphological damage pattern in the cornified cell of matrix and the cuticle following time past. The various sized vacuoles in the endocuticle of the cuticular cells was formed. The statistically significant differences in diameter of cuticular cell were observed in terms of tranverse swelling by formation of vacuoles. The hair cortex and matrix undergo long term exposure to UV-B radiation. The macrofibrils of cortex appeared to be affected most by UV-B, although the morphology and volume of melanin granule was not changed. The physicochemical destruction of hair matrix and cuticular cells is largely accelerated by long term irradiation of UV-B.

보문 : 진동과 저주파 자극이 유방의 볼륨과 탄력개선에 미치는 효과

송순봉 ( Soon Bong Song ),이귀영 ( Gui Yeong Lee ),이종순 ( Jong Soon Lee ),주경복 ( Kyung Bok Joo ),장병수 ( Byung Soo Chang ),이규재 ( Kyu Jae Lee ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2011 대한미용학회지 Vol.7 No.4

The mechanical vibration and low frequency stimulation are known to have a physical and physiological effects. We conducted clinical experiment to confirm the effects of the breast management device with vibration and low frequency stimulation on the breasts of 32 women. The respondents applied the device on both breast for 1 hr per day during 6 weeks. Parameters related with breast volume and lifting as well as skin elasticity before and after experiment were measured. The elasticity parameters (R0~R9, F0~F1) were calculated from deformation curve by suction using Cutometer MPA580. Breast volume parameters showed significant increase in both breasts. Breast showed significant increase in elasticity, which indicates increase of skin elasticity and skin recovery, and decrease of tiring effect. In conclusion, we suggest that massage treatment with combined vibration and low frequency stimulation in a long term use could improve the volume and elasticity of breast.

해역이용협의제도 운용 현황 분석 및 실효성 제고방안

이대인(Dae-In Lee),김귀영(Gui-Young Kim),전경암(Kyeong-Am Jeon),엄기혁(Ki-Hyuk Eom),유준(Jun Yu),김영태(Yeong-Tae Kim),문주훈(Ju-Hoon Moon),김민재(Min-Jae Kam) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2011 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Bone hook을 이용한 장기간 지속된 악관절 탈구의 치험 2례

이상한(Sang Han Lee),김진수(Chin Soo Kim),장현주(Hyun Jung Jang),권귀영(Gui Yeong Kwon),이원필(Won Pil Lee) 대한구강악안면외과학회 1989 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This is a report of 2 cases about 39-& 58-year-old female patients with chronic painful forward mandibular condylar dislocation, which is non amenable to hand manipulation. Chronic mandibular dislocation can became exquiitely painful for the patient and frustrating to both the patient and the doctor. Clinically the forward dislocation of the TMJ can be divided into 3 groups; a dislocation occuring only once, a recurrent dislocation and a prolonged dislocation. The prolonged or long-standing dislocation has its own special problems. Manual reposition is not possible anymore in most cases. As the time between onset of the dislocation and reposition increases, the prognosis diminishes. The methods of the treatment for the dislocated mandible mainly used are closed(manipulation or traction) or open(condylectomy, eminectomy and several types of osteotomy, etc.) reduction. In these cases, authors treated successfully 2 female patients of longstanding forward TMJ dislocation as below. Case Ⅰ : manipulation using bone hook under general andesthesia as a closed repositioning method. Case Ⅱ : high condylectomies via preauricular approach as a open reduction after the failure of the reduction with bone hook.

홍차추출물 함유 누드팩의 Hairless 마우스 피부주름 형성 억제효과

김영철,박은예,김상남,유용기,박미순,이귀영,이석준,장병수,Kim, Young-Chul,Park, Eun-Ye,Kim, Sang-Nam,Yoo, Yong-Gi,Park, Mi-Soon,Lee, Gui-Yeong,Lee, Suk-Jun,Chang, Byung-Soo 한국현미경학회 2011 Applied microscopy Vol.41 No.2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of nude pack containing black tea water extract (NPBT) on skin wrinkle formation in hairless mice. Skin wrinkles were induced by UVB irradiation to the backs of hairless mice for 5 weeks. And at the same time, NPBT was applied topically. Wrinkle formation, histological changes, expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and protein activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed or analyzed. Wrinkles for the control group were formed as a pattern of deep furrows and thick crests. Whereas wrinkles for the NPBT treated group were formed as a pattern of shallow furrows and thin crests, and their wrinkle areas were significantly (p<0.001) lower than the control group. Collagen fibers were arranged irregularly and sparse in density and some elastic fibers were degenerated in the control group, while they were almost intact in the NPBT treated group. MMP-3 mRNA expression in the control group was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the normal group, and that of NPBT treated group was significantly (p<0.001) lower than the control group. The NPBT treated group showed remarkably lower protein activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 than the control group. NPBT could have a considerable inhibitory effect on skin wrinkle formation in hairless mice. 홍차함유 누드팩의 피부주름 형성 억제효과를 알아보기 위해 SKH-1 hairless 마우스 등 부위에 UVB를 5주간 조사하여 주름을 유발시키고 이와 병행하여 홍차함유 누드팩을 도포한 실험에서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 육안적인 피부주름 양상 비교에서, 대조군은 정상군에 비해 주름 능선의 두께가 굵고 간격이 넓으며 주름이 깊게 형성된 반면, retinoic acid를 도포한 양성대조군과 홍차함유 누드팩 도포군은 대조군에 비해 상대적으로 주름 능선의 두께가 얇고 간격이 좁은 양상을 띠었으며 주름 총넓이 수치가 유의하게(p<0.001) 낮았다. (2) 피부의 조직학적 관찰에서, 대조군은 정상군에 비해 진피층내 교원섬유의 배열이 불규칙하고 양이 많이 줄어들었으며 변성된 탄력섬유가 군데군데 엉겨 있는 탄력섬유증이 관찰된 반면, 양성대조군과 홍차함유 누드팩 도포군은 대조군에 비해 상대적으로 교원섬유의 배열이 규칙적이고 밀도가 조밀하며 변성된 탄력섬유의 양이 줄어 있었다. (3) 피부조직의 MMP-3 mRNA 발현량 측정 결과, 정상군에 비해 대조군은 유의하게(p<0.001) 높았으며 양성대조군과 홍차함유 누드팩 도포군은 대조군에 비해 유의하게(p<0.001) 낮았다. MMP-2와 MMP-9 단백질 활성 측정 결과, 대조군은 정상군에 비해 현저하게 높은 반면, 양성대조군과 홍차함유 누드팩 도포군은 대조군보다 현저하게 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여, 홍차함유 누드팩 도포군은 hairless 마우스에서 세포외 기질단백질의 분해 억제와 피부주름 형성 억제효과를 보였음을 확인하였다.

배양 인체 피부 흑색종세포에 대한 제라늄오일의 항산화 활성 및 멜라닌 합성에 미치는 영향

박승택 ( Seung Taeck Park ),유영월 ( Young Wall Ryu ),김선주 ( Sun Ju Kim ),이귀영 ( Gui Yeong Lee ),정다정 ( Da Jung Jung ),장병수 ( Byung Soo Chang ),범희주 ( Hee Ju Beom ),이화정 ( Hwa Jeong Lee ),정인주 ( In Ju Jung ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2011 대한미용학회지 Vol.7 No.3

For the purpose of searching for whitening resources using essential oil of herb, the antioxidative activity and melanogenesis of Geranium (Palargonium graveolens) oil were examined in cultured human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3). the cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation, tyrosinase activity and total amount of melanin were measured by colorimetric assay. For this experiment, SK-MEL-3 cells were treated with the media containing 25~55 μU/mL, glucose oxidase (GO) for 4 hours, and assessed for the cytotoxicity. GO significantly decreased cell viability compared with control and XTT50 value was determined at 45 μU/mL of GO. In the antioxidative activity of Geranium oil, it showed SOD-like activity and the inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation. While, in the melanogenesis of Geranium oil, Geranium oil significantly decreased the tyrosinase activity and total amount of melanin which were increased by GO-induced cytotoxicity. From these results, it is suggested that Geranium oil was effective in the protection of GO-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidative activity and inhibitory effect of melanogenesis. Finally, an essential oil such as Geranium oil may be a putative agent for the improvement of whitening effect.