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공동주택 관리비용에 따른 적정공간규모 산정에 관한 연구 -경유, 등유를 사용하는 중앙집중난방방식을 중심으로 -
이강희,양재혁 한국주거학회 2002 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.13 No.5
The multifamily housing has various advantages in construction cost, land-use intensity. KRIHS(1997) recommended the proper scale of th multifamily housing as 800 households in constructability, 1,000 households in facility compactability, 500 households in social aspect. At the early planning stage of project, the size of the multiftmily housing has, until now, been maximizingly considered under the regulation on which has been emphasized at the building volume ratio, land area, etc., except for the expenditure during the maintenance stage. This paper aimed at providing the proper size of multifamily housing in aspect of area and household number with maintenance cost at the early stage of project. For these, it took 곧 average cost function which is made from the 3-rd quardratic form and analyzes the unit increasing rate of the average cost. It surveyed in nationwide focused on the central heating system using diesel and kerosene. The number of samples is 88 and items of management cost is 11. The results are as follows ; first, 3rd-order quadratic function is proper at explaining the cost variation, considering the multicollinearity and statistics. Second, the proper size of multifamily housing is recommended with 83,000 $m^2$ on management area, 820 or over the 2,630 household number in aspect of total management cost.
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이강희 대한건축학회 2002 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.18 No.12
Remodeling is a more effective method than the new construction in utilizing the building resources and dealing with the construction waste. Recently, the government housing policy has little changed into remodeling because rebuilding or rehabilitation has many problems such as social gap, real estate price inflation and provision of infrastructures. Remodeling is mostly conducted at the end of building lifetime on which is decided with rebuilding or remodeling of building. On the other hand, it needs to essess the relation between the environmental effects and remodeling works. It is possible to control the elements which too much affect the environment through the results of this work.<br/> In this paper, it analyzed the embodies energy consumption, CO2 emission and SO2 wmission in remodeling the multifamily housing, using the indirect estimation of the input-output analysis in aspect of the building works and materials & components inputted into remodeling construction. The results are as follows : First, the building work occupied about 70% over in the total energy consumption. CO2 emission and SO2 emission. The building work has a higher ratio than any other mechanical works and elecrical works. Second, The product including the cement occupied higher ratio than any other materials and components in energy consumption, CO2 emission and SO2 emission.
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Promoting Cooperativeness Through Utterance Completion in English as a Lingua Franca
이강희 한국응용언어학회 2016 응용 언어학 Vol.32 No.2
As ELF (English as a lingua franca) communication takes place among speakers from a wide range of linguistic and socio-cultural backgrounds, hybridity and variability are a common nature of ELF. Therefore, ELF speakers attempt to reduce the existing differences for facilitating communication and adeptly use convergence strategies to show cooperation and solidarity. This paper aims to explore how cooperation operates in ELF interactions. The study is particularly focused on the strategy of utterance completion, which is one of the effective pragmatic strategies for cooperation. Data findings show that ELF speakers often employed utterance completion when the interlocutor made hesitations or pauses. It is during these occasions utterance completion is accomplished in order to support the interlocutor’s word search moment by supplying the word or phrases the interlocutor is searching for and to facilitate the smooth flow of interaction. Also, connective words such as if or when can facilitate other speakers to predict and co-produce further talk based on the previously provided information. Since linguistic and cultural diversity and decreased predictability are common in ELF contexts, ELF speakers are more likely to cooperate and be mutually supportive to overcome possible comprehension problems and enhance efficiency.
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이강희,조맹제,이정균 대한신경정신의학회 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.1
The authors investigated the factors influencing drug noncompliance in schizophrenic patients in Yongin Mental Hospital. 37 of 417 schizophrenic patients taking chlorpromazine proved to be drug noncompliant by Forrest urine test. We selected 22 of them who could give reliable answers to self-report questionaire as a noncompliant group. We also selected 22 patients as a control group who proved to be drug compliant by Forrest urine test. Using self-report questionaire we compared the difference in the knowledge about the medication, attitudes concerning the drug, opinions on the therapist-patient relationship and experiences of the drug side effects between two groups. The results were as follows •• 1) The rates of drug noncompliance of 417 patients taking chlorpromazine were 14.5% at the 1st urine test, 21.9% at the 2nd urine test, respectively. 2) The more the dose of chlorpromazine patient takes, the higher was the drug noncompliant rate. 3) The average frequency of medication per day of the drug compliant group was 2,6times per day, which was less than that (2.9 times per day) of the drug noncompliant group. 4) In comparison with the drug noncompliant group, the patients of the drug compliant group showed a tendency to believe that mental hospital teams other than the doctors were more concerned with them. 5) In comparison with the drug noncompliant group, the patients of the drug compliant group showed a tendency to fed more tension when they faced the mental hospital team. 6) The two groups were not signficantly different in their knowledge about the medication, attitudes concerning the drug, and experiences of the drug side effects.
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이강희,채창우,박근수,Lee, Kang-Hee,Chae, Chang-U,Park, Guen-Soo 한국주거학회 2011 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.6
The maintenance cost depends on various factors such as building volume, floor area, number of household and so on. The maintenance cost of the apartment housing is affected by the maintenance type, building physical factor, sociogeographic aspects. Among these, the maintenance characteristics is represented and made up by the total floor area and number of household which means main factor to provide the building scale roughly. In this paper, it aimed at modelling the estimation function of the maintenance cost with the total floor area and number of household and analyzing the elasticity of the two factors. Although items of maintenance cost are various in general cost, repair cost and so on, we classified these items into the 5 categories. 5 categories are a general cost, a facility maintenance cost, a utilization cost, insurance and sanitary cost. The estimation function used a power function and it has better goodness-offitness than any other estimation methods in statistics. A power function has a three curve types with concave and convex and linear style to the origin.
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이강희,박근수,채창우,Lee, Kang-Hee,Park, Geun-Soo,Chae, Chang-U 한국주거학회 2011 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.4
Apartment is settled down as a main housing type and massive supply has been conducted since 1990's. The government has focused on the housing supply to improve the housing number and cut its price. On the contrary, the management of the housing has been neglected to get an early deterioration. Since 1995's, various ways have been made to improve and maintain the building function and performance. Among these, the long-term repair plan has played a main role to manage the housing condition and plan the repair schedule for preparing the massive cost of repair such as a roof proof, elevator change. The long-tern repair plan provides the repair time and repair rate according to various construction types. Most of the management agent apply the repair standard into the field area. But the repair time could not reflect the present condition and bring into the wrong maintenance. Therefore, the repair time for the long-term maintenance plan would be revised and reflected from the material and technology development. |n this study, it aimed at improvement for the repair time in various construction types which are provided in the long-term repair plan. For this, the 22 management agents are surveyed directly. This study shows that the repair time of the painting are correspondent to the repair time of the long-term plan irregardless of the painting materials. Most of other areas would correspondently similar to the long-term plan. This study could not include the building location, material and other haracteristics. Therefore, the further study would be needed to reflect the building and materials attributes to get the detailed repair time.
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이강희,양재혁,채창우,Lee, Kang-Hee,Yang, Jae-Hyuk,Chae, Chang-U 한국주거학회 2010 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.2
The maintenance cost plays a important role to plan the scale of the apartment housing such as a number of household, building area and building type. Therefore, it is required to forecast the cost considering various maintenance characteristics. The maintenance characteristics are floor area, number of household, heating type, site area and etc.. In addition, the maintenance cost are classified into 5 area. These are a personal expense, facility maintenance cost, energy and water cost, insurance and sanitary cost. These five cost area are related with various characteristics and brought up the estimation model using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The energy and heating cost share over the 50% in the total cost and the personal expense cost shares about 40%. The personal expense cost per area is 5,272 won/$m^2{\cdot}yr$ irregardless of heating type and the district heating type is a higher cost than other type. In facility maintenance cost, the central heating type is 2,015 won/$m^2{\cdot}yr$ and higher than other type. The estimation models have good statistics in each model. Most of the model have a determination coefficient over 0.7 and Durbin Watson value between 1.5 and 2.5.
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