芥川竜之介의 술벌레 - 소설적 기교에 대한 분석 -

윤일 일본어문학회 2013 일본어문학 Vol.60 No.-

作品の末尾に至って反転をもたらす小説的技巧は芥川がよく愛用してい た手法の一つである。『羅生門』(1915)で文壇に登場した芥川の文学が『地獄変』(1918)と『奉教人の死』(1918)の中期文学では、作品の反転が本格的にあらわれている。これらの作品は芸術的にも彼の絶好調期の作品であり、彼の技巧が巧妙に発揮されている。『地獄変』の語り手による登場人物における描写の混乱、『奉教人の死』に見られる偽書の設定、登場人物の後に隠れている芥川の姿などは、彼の独特な小説的技巧であると思う。先行研究で指摘されている「新技巧派のチャンピオン」に相応しい小説的手法であろう。ところで、このような技巧の原点はどこから始まっているのだろうか。本稿では『酒虫』(1916)に注目し、その技巧の原点があったと思っている。数少ない先行研究のなかでは「浅薄なオチ」と酷評される程、作品の末尾であらわれてくる芥川の手法に批判が集まっている。ところが、本稿では『酒虫』の末尾に隠れている芥川の姿や客観的態度こそ、絶頂の文学にある彼の技巧の原点であったと思うのである。

Conjugated Dendrimers with Triazine Moiety

윤일,김철희 한국고분자학회 2002 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2002 No.10

Effects of Barbiturates on the Fluidity of Phosphatidylethanolamine Model Membranes

윤일,김형일,황태호,김종렬,김인세,정용자,신영희,정현옥,강정숙,Yun, Il,Kim, Hyung-Il,Hwang, Tae-Ho,Kim, Jong-Ryol,Kim, In-Se,Chung, Yong-Za,Shin, Yong-Hee,Jung, Hyun-Ok,Kang, Jung-Sook The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1990 대한약리학잡지 Vol.26 No.2

Barbiturates가 분자적 약리작용기전 탐구에 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 소의 신선한 대뇌피질 synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles로부터 분리제제한 phosphatidylethanolamine인공세포막(SPMVPE)의 유동성에 미치는 barbiturates의 영향을 형광 probe법으로 검색한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Pentobarbital, hexobarbital, amobarbital 및 phenobarbital이 기재한 순위로 SPMVPE내 Py-3-Py의 monomer 형광세기에 대한 excimer 형광세기의 비 (I'/I)를 감소시켰다. 2. Pentobarbital, hexobarbital, amobarbital 및 phenobarbital이 기재한 순위로 SPMVPE내 DPH의 polarization, anisotropy, limiting anisotropy, order parameter 및 rotational relaxation time을 증가시켰다. 3. 따라서 위에 제시한 barbiturates가 SPMVPE의 유동성을 유의성있게 감소시킨다는 것을 확인할 수가 있었다. Intramolecular excimer formation with 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) and fluorescence polarization with 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) were used to evaluate the effects of barbiturates on the bulk fluidity of the model membranes of phosphatidylethanolamine fraction of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVPE) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex. In the SPMVPE, barbiturates decreased the excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity ratio (I'/I) of Py-3-Py and increased the fluorescence polarization (P), anisotropy (r), limiting anisotropy $(r_{8})$, order parameter (S) and rotational relaxation time $({\bar{P}})$ of DPH in a dose-dependent manner. The relative potencies of barbiturates to order the SPMVPE were in the order: pentobarbital > hexobarbital > amobarbital > phenobarbital. Hence, it is concluded that barbiturates have ordering effects on the SPMVPE. And the membrane-ordering potencies of barbiturates appear to be correlated with the potencies for enhancement of GABA-stimulated chloride influx and with the anesthetic effects of barbiturates.

Thiopental Sodium이 Synaptosomal Plasma Membrane Vesicles 의 유동성에 미치는 영향

윤일,김형일,강정숙 부산대학교치과대학 1988 부산치대논문집 Vol.5 No.1

조선왕조실록의 황충(蝗蟲) 기록에 대한 분류학적 검토

윤일,문태영 한국응용곤충학회 2002 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.1

The Region of Distribution of Barbiturates in Synaptosomal Plasma Membrane Vesicles Isolated from Rat Brain as Studied by Fluorescence Quenching

윤일,이병우,Yun, Il,Lee, Byung-Woo The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.3

Barbiturates의 분자적 약리학적 작용기전 연구에 기초자료를 제공키 위하여 본연구를 수행하였다. 분자적 약리작용 기전 연구에서는 무엇보다도 선행되어야 하는 것이 barbiturates가 신경세포막에서 어느 부위에 주로 분포되는가를 알아내는 데에 있다. 쥐(Rat)의 뇌로부터 분리한 synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (RSPMV)를 분리한 후 이 RSPMV 외측 단층(outer monolayer)의 소수성 부위와 친수성 부위에 barbiturates가 분포되는 경향을 형광 probe 법으로 검색하였다. 세포막 외측 단층의 친수성 부위에 분포되는 형광 probe N-octadecylnaphthyl-2-amino-6-sulfonic acid (ONS)와 소수성 부위에 분포되는 형광 probe12-(9-anthroyloxy)stearic acid (AS)를 각각 봉입한 후 형광소광법으로 barbiturates의 분포를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 대부분의 barbiturates가 RSPMV 외측 단층의 친수성 부위(표면)에 분포되고 소수성 부위 (hydrophobic region)에 극히 소량만이 분포된다는 것을 확인하였다. 2) 마취효과를 크게 일으키는 barbiturates일수록 소수성 부위에 분포되는 양이 증가하였다. barbiturates 종류에 따른 RSPMV 외측 단층 소수성 부위에의 분포 크기는 thiopental sodium > pentobarbital > hexobarbital > amobarbital > phenobarbital의 순위였다. The relative distribution ratio of barbiturates between hyarocarbon interior and surface region of outer monolayer of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (RSPMV) isolated from rat whole brain was determined by employing the fluorescent probe technique. The two fluorescent probes N- octadecylnaphthyl-2-amine-6-sulfonic acid (ONS) and 12-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid (AS) were utilized as probes for hydrocarbon interior and surface of outer monolayer of RSPMV. respectively. The Stern-Volmer equation for fluorescent quenching was modified to calculate the relative distribution ratio. The analysis of preferential quenching of these probes by barbiturates indicates that pentobarbital, hexobarbital, amobarbital and phenobarbital are predominantly distributed on the surface region. whereas thiopental sodium has an accessibility to the hydrocarbon interior of the outer monolayer of the RSPMV. From these results, it is strongly suggested that the more effective penetration into the hydrocarbon interior of the outer monolayer of the membrane lipid bilayer could result in higher general anesthetic activity.

Effects of Barbiturates on Transbilayer Fluidity Domains of Phospholipid Model Membrane Monolayers

윤일,강정숙,Yun, Il,Kang, Jung-Sook The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1992 대한약리학잡지 Vol.28 No.1

한국산 2년생 소의 신선한 대뇌피질로 부터 synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMV)를 분리한 후 이 SPMV로 부터 추출한 총지질 (SPMVTL) 및 총인지질 (SPMVPL)로서 인공세포막을 제제하였다. SPMVTL 및 SPMVPL의 outer monolayer에 trinitrophenyl groups로 공유결합시킴으로써 형광 probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH)의 outer monolayer 형광을 선택적으로 소광케한 후 SPMVTL 및 SPMVPL의 inner와 outer monolayer 사이의 비대칭적 유동성 존재 유무를 확인하였던 바 inner monolayer에 비하여 outer monolayer가 유동성이 크다는 것을 확인하였으며 SPMVTL에 비하여 SPMVPL의 유동성이 높았다. 뿐만 아니라 barbiturates는 SPMVTL의 유동성에 대하여는 유의성이 있을 만큼의 증감 효과를 나타내지 않았고 SPMVPL의 유동성은 감소시키되 주로 outer monolayer의 유동성을 감소시킨다는 것을 확인하였으며 barbiturates 종류에 따른 SPMVPL의 총유동성 감소의 크기는 pentobarbital > hexobarbital > amobarbital > phenobarbital의 순이었다. Selective quenching of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) by trinitrophenyl groups was utilized to examine the transbilayer fluidity domains of the model membranes of total lipids (SPMVTL) and phospholipids (SPMVPL) extracted from synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles. At $37^{\circ}C$, all anisotropy (r), limiting anisotropy $(r_{\infty})$, and order parameter (S) values of DPH in the SPMVTL were larger than those in SPMVPL. The anisotropy, limiting anisotropy, and order parameter of DPH in the inner monolayer were 0.025, 0.033, and 0.070, respectively, greater than calculated for the outer monolayer of SPMVTL. In SPMVPL, the anisotropy, limiting anisotropy, and order parameter of DPH in the inner monolayer were 0.014, 0.018, and 0.047, respectively, greater than calculated for the outer monolayer. Selective quenching of DPH by trinitrophenyl groups was also utilized to examine the effects of barbiturates on the transbilayer fluidity domains of SPMVTL and SPMVPL. Barbiturates did not affect the anisotropy of DPH in the transbilayer domains of SPMVTL. In contrast, barbiturates increased the fluorescence anisotropy, limiting anisotropy, and order parameter of DPH in the SPMVPL in a dose-dependent manner. Barbiturates showed a greater ordering effect on the outer monolayer as compared to the inner monolayer of SPMVPL. Hence, it has been demonstrated for the first time that the Sheetz-Singer hypothesis (1974) may be valid for phospholipid model membranes.

Ethanol이 배양된 Mouse Myeloma Cell Line Sp2/0-Ag14로부터 분리한 형질막의 유동성에 미치는 영향

윤일,정인교,박영민,김진범,유성호,강정숙,Yun, Il,Chung, In-Kyo,Park, Yeong-Min,Kim, Jin-Bom,Yu, Seoung-Ho,Kang, Jung-Sook The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1993 대한약리학잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Ethanol이 암세포 증식 속도에 미치는 직접적인 영향 검색의 일환으로 배양된 mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0-Ag14로부터 분리한 형질막 (Sp2/0-PMV) 유동성에 미치는 ethanol의 영향을 형광분석법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과 ethanol은 Sp2/0-PMV 지질 이중층 측방확산운동의 범위와 속도를 증가시켰고 회전확산운동 범위도 증가시켰다. 특히 ethanol은 Sp2/0-PMV 지질이중층 중 내부단층 (inner monolayer)에 비하여 비교적 선택적으로 외부단층 (outer monolayer)의 회전확산운동 범위를 증가시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. Intramolecular excimerization of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) and fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) were used to examine the effects of ethanol on the rate and range of lateral diffusion of bulk bilayer structures of plasma membrane vesicles isolated from cultured mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0-Ag14 (Sp2/0-PMV). In a concentration-dependent manner, ethanol increased the excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity ratio (I'/I) of Py-3-Py in the Sp2/0-PMV and decreased the anisotropy (r), limiting anisotropy $(r_{\infty})$, and order parameter (S) of DPH in the Sp2/0-PMV. This indicates that ethanol increased both the lateral and rotational diffusion of the probes in the Sp2/0-PMV. Selective quenching of DPH by trinitrophenyl groups was utilized to examine the transbilayer asymmetric rotational diffusion of the Sp2/0-PMV. The anisotropy (r), limiting anisotropy $(r_{\infty})$, and order parameter (S) of DPH in the inner monolayer were 0.022, 0.029, and 0.063, respectively, greater than calculated for the outer monolayer of the Sp2/0-PMV. Selective quenching of DPH by trinitrophenyl groups was also utilized to examine the transbilayer asymmetric effects of ethanol on the range of rotational diffusion of the Sp2/0-PMV. Ethanol had a greater fluidizing effect on the outer monolayer as compared to the inner monolayer of the Sp2/0-PMV. It has been proven that ethanol exhibits a selective rather than nonselective fluidizing effect within transbilayer domains of the Sp2/0-PMV.

2021년 미충족의료율과 추이

윤일,주혜진,박은철,장성인 한국보건행정학회 2023 보건행정학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Unmet healthcare is an important indicator for measuring accessibility of healthcare services. We analyzed the following four datafrom a nationally representative sample of South Korean population: Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2007–2021), Community Health Survey (CHS, 2008–2021), Korea Health Panel Survey (KHP, 2011–2019), and Korean Welfare Panel Study(KOWEPS, 2006–2021). The proportion of individuals reporting unmet healthcare needs were 6.0% (KNHANES), 5.1% (CHS), and13.1% (KHP). Annual percentage change (APC) which identifies trend for the follow-up period was -9.4%, -9.4%, and -5.3%,respectively. The proportion of individuals reporting unmet healthcare needs due to cost were 1.2% (KNAHANES), 0.5% (CHS), 2.7%(KHP), and 0.4% (KOWEPS). The APC was -10.4%, -16.1%, -11.5%, and -19.1%, respectively. Compared to the previous year, the rateof unmet healthcare needs decreased slightly, but the rate of unmet health care needs due to cost tended to increase. Overall, higherrates of unmet healthcare needs were reported in the low-income and the elderly population. Although it was confirmed through theAPC that the rate of unmet healthcare experience has decreased over the past decade, it can be seen that there is still a disparityby income level and age. These results suggest the need for an appropriate health benefit coverage policy for the low-income andthe elderly.

Multiple Morphologies Induced by Amide Dendrons

윤일,김철희 한국고분자학회 2002 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2002 No.4