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불가사리를 이용한 생물학적 평가법 ( bioassay ) 에 의한 우리나라 해역 연안해수의 환경평가
유춘만,위인선,이종빈 ( Chun Man Yu,In Sun Wui,Jong Bin Lee ) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.2
This study was done to evaluate the quality of offshore waters in Korea using gametes, embryos and early development system of Asterina pectinifera. Results of the quality evaluation of offshore waters of Korea by bioassay using A. pectinifera has shown that in spite of an inflow of many rivers from Korean topography, the west coast has maintained the second grade (II), because pollutant inflow was decreased due to purification of inflow rivers, control of waste water discharge, construction of wastewater treatment plants, and because pollution was decreased by smooth circulation of sea water with difference of the large ebb and flow of the tide. On the other hand, Asan, Hampyeung and Cheunsu Bay where water circulation is relatively poor, and Gunsan and Mokpo harbors which are inflowed by rich polluants from neighboring cities have shown third grade(III) because A. pectinifera was inhibited violently to early development. The South coast has maintained the second grade (II) or third grade(III) because A. pectinifera was inhibited moderately or strongly to early development. Also, Kangjin, Duekyang, Kwangyang, Masan and Jinhae Bay where water circulation is relatively poor have shown third grade (III) because A. pectinifera was inhibited violently to early development. The East coast has maintained the first and second grade (I), (II) because of simple coasts and smooth circulation of sea water. But Cheungcho Lake was worsened by he breakwater that was constructed in order to maintain port functions.
아므르불가사리 (Asterias amurensis)의 배우자를 이용한 남해해역 연안해수의 생물학적 수질평가
유춘만,박지인,조기안,주현수,박종천,나명석 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.1
This study was carried out to evaluate off-shore water quality and to draw marine pollution map to Southern sea in Korea by bioassay using gametes and early development system of Asterias amurensis. From the bioassay, it was determined that the water qualites of Southern sea maintained the grade Ⅱ, because development of A. amurensis were moderately inhibited. However, Sunchon, Kwangyang, and Jinhae Bay belonged to grade Ⅲ, because development of A. amurensis were strongly inhibited. This could be due to the inflows of several river systems and poor water circulation. The water quality at Yosu island was the grade I, because A. amurensis were not inhibited in its early development.
유춘만,Yu, Chun-Man 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.6
In January 2009, the water quality of offshore around the Incheon coast was evaluated by bioassay using early development systems of a sea urchin species, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. The results of performing biological evaluations on seawater samples from total of thirteen sites, showed that the formation rates of normal pluteus larva varied from 18% to 71%. In site 5 the seawater sample led to an averaage formation rate of normal larva of 18%, the highest abnormal formation rate hindering the early embryo development of the experimental animal, while that of site 3 averaged 71%, the highest formation rate of normal larva. Seawater samples from site 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12, resulted in average formation rates of normal larva from 33% to 56%, which indicates the developmental damage of early embryos is not severe. Seawater samples from site 5, 6, 8 and 13, resulted in average formation rates of normal larva from 18% to 21% which there was strong damage to the development of early embryos.
무늬연잎성게 ( Schaphechinus brevis ) 의 배우자 ( Gametes ) 와 배아 ( Embryos ) 를 이용한 서남해역의 연안해수 환경평가
유춘만,위인선,이종빈 ( C . M . Yu,I . S . Wui,J . B . Lee ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.2
This study was attempted to construct the pollution map of off shore water in south-west in korea by bioassay of sea water quality using both gamete and embryo of Schapechinus brevis and also to examine the relationship between embryo development and environmental paramenter. Sea urchin(Schapechinus brevi) gametes and embryos were inhibited strongly by seawater sampled from Youngsan river Hakun and Kwangyang bay inland sea, inhibited weakly by seawater sampled from Muan, Hampeung, Wondo, KangJin inland sea. Temperature: Pluteus was not developed at temperature less than 7℃ and Temperature is proportioned to development velocity. pH : High embryos fertilization was observed the range from pH 7.5 to pH 8.5 and gametes and embryos were strongly inibited below pH 4.5 and above pH 9.5. Salinity : High embryos formation ratio was observed at salinity 28-30‰ and sand dollar gametes and embryos were strongly inhibited below 28 and above 30‰. Sensitivity to sperm exposure time and embryos formation by natural seawater was great in 60 min exposure of sperm. The more sperm exposure time, the more normal pluteus were appeared normal pluteus formation. Embryos formation and concentration of COD and NH₃`-N, SiO₂Si were regularly correlation.
수소이온농도(pH)가 성게의 초기 배발생에 미치는 영향
유춘만 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.2
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pH, using gametes, embryos and early development system of three sea urchins species, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, Anthocidaris crassispina and Scaphechinus brevis. As the result of performing effects of pH on early embryo development, the conditions of appropriate pH on formation of normal pluteus were pH 7.0-8.0 for H. pulcherrimus, A. crassispina and S. brevis. Otherwise, the conditions of pH 5.0, pH 6.0, pH 9.0 and pH 10.0 damaged the development of early embryos of each testing animal moderately or strongly.
생물학적 평가법 ( bioassay ) 을 이용한 남해해역 연안해수 수질평가
유춘만,위인선,이종빈 ( Chun Man Yu,In Sun Wui,Jong Bin Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 1998 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.16 No.2
This study was performed in order to evaluate off-shore water quality and to draw marine pollution map to Southern sea in Korea by bioassay using gametes, embryos and early development system of Anthocidaris crassispina. Form the bioassay, it was determined that the water qualites of Southern sea maintained the grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ because development of Anthocidaris crassispina were moderately inhibited. However, Doam, Bosung, Sunchon, Kwangyang, Bosung, Songjin .and Masan Bay, Kunsan and Mokpo harbors would be grade Ⅲ because development of Anthocidaris crassispina were strongly inhibited. This could be due to the inflows of several river systems and poor water circulation. The water quality at Haenam and Yeusu island were determined the grade I because Anthocidaris crassispina was not inhibited to early development.
말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulacherrimus)의 배우자를 이용한 광양만 해수의 생물학적 수질평가
유춘만,주현수,박종천,이우범,이원교 한국환경생물학회 1998 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.16 No.4
광양만 연안해수를 대상으로 총 17개의 조사정점을 선정, 1996년 7월부터 1997년 4월까지 계절별로 이화학적 수질과 말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)의 배우자를 이용한 생물검정을 통해 생물학적 수질판정을 시도하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 먼저 이화학적 환경요인 중 수온은 2.8∼28.9℃, pH는 7.9∼8.3, 염분도는 13.5∼34.2‰, DO는 6.0∼12.8㎎/ℓ, COD는 1.7∼6.9 ㎎/ℓ, T-N은 0.079∼1.450 ㎎/ℓ, T-P는 0.009∼0.060 ㎎/ℓ의 범위를 각각 나타내어 조사시기별, 조사정점별로 큰 차이를 보였다. 이화학적 분석에 의한 광양만 해수의 수질은 COD, T-N 및 T-P를 기준으로 판정할 경우 전체 조사정점이 해수수질 기준 Ⅱ∼Ⅲ 등급에 해당되는 것으로 나타났다. 생물학적 검정에 의한 광양만의 해수수질은 Kobayashi(1984)의 수질등급체계 Ⅲ를 기준으로 할 경우, 조사정점 1과 11은 Ⅲ 등급으로, 나머지 조사정점은 Ⅰ∼Ⅱ 등급의 해수수질은 나타내었다. In order to assess the seawater quality and it's seasonal variation in Kwangyang Bay, physico-chemical analysis and bioassay using gamete of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus were performed from July, 1996 to April, 1997. Water temperature was fluctuated from 2.8℃ to 28.9℃, the range of pH was from 7.9 to 8.0, salinity was varied from 13.5%, to 34.2‰, the level of dissolved oxygen ranged from 6.0 ㎎/ℓ to 12.8 ㎎/ℓ, and COD was varied from 1.7 ㎎/ℓ to 6.9 ㎎/ℓ. The level of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were in the range of 0.079 ㎎/ℓ ∼ 1.456 ㎎/ℓ, 0.009 ㎎/ℓ ∼ 0.066 ㎎/ℓ respectively. The seawater quality by environmental factors was showed from Ⅱ to Ⅲ. From the bioassay, we estimated that the seawater qualities in most stations were in the state of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ in that development of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus were not inhibited or moderately inhibited. However, the water quality of grade Ⅲ which inhibited violently the development of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was appeared in station 1 and 11. It is suggested that the inflows of pollutant through the Sumjin river has influeced on the water quality of upper part in Kwangyang bay.
성게를 이용한 해수의 생물학적평가에 있어 온도가 미치는 영향
유춘만,조기안 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.2
This study was done to research the effects of temperature on biological evaluation of seawater quality using gametes, embryos and early development system of seaurchin species, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, Anthocidaris crassispina and Scaphechinus brevis. As the result of performing effects of temperature on early embryo development, the conditions of appropriate temperature on formation of normal pluteus were appropriate at 5-16℃ for H. pulcherrimus, 8-20℃ for A crassispina, 12-20℃ for S. brevis. The conditions of optimum temperature on biological evaluation were 16℃ for H. pulcherrimus and 20℃ for A. crassispina and S. brevis.