산림욕의 발원지를 찾아서

유연화 숲과문화연구회 2003 숲과 문화 Vol.12 No.6

3년제 전문대학 유아교육과 졸업생의 취업준비행동에 관한 연구

유연화,임경애 한국영유아교원교육학회 2011 유아교육학논집 Vol.15 No.1

This study is about 3-year course college of department of early childhood education's graduates' employment preparation behavior. Its purpose is that helps graduates of 3-year college of department of early childhood education to give a basic data. We split employment preparation behavior up into three parts, preliminary employment preparation behaviors, active employment preparation behavior, and intensity of employment preparation behaviors. For this study, we do a survey targeting 187 teachers of nursery and kindergarten of Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. In this study, for graduates of early childhood education college, it needs a detailed and scientific collection of data and management about infants education site. At political level, it needs a management of childhood teacher help-wanted web site by official regulation and procedure, prepared employment graduates discuss about introspection their characteristic and decision of employment related long-term life plan. 본 연구는 3년제 전문대학 유아교육과 졸업생들의 취업준비행동에 대해 알아봄으로써 3년제 전문대학 유아교육과 졸업생의 취업준비를 돕기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 취업준비행동은 예비적 취업준비행동, 본격적 취업준비행동, 취업준비강도로 나누어 살펴보았다. 연구를 위해 서울, 경기지역 유치원 및 어린이집 교사 187명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 전문대학 유아교육과 졸업생들의 취업준비를 위하여 학교 또는 학과 차원에서 영유아 교육현장에 대한 자세하고 체계적인 자료수집 및 관리가 이루어져야 하며, 정책적으로는 공식적인 규정과 절차를 통한 유아교사 구인 사이트의 운영이 필요하고, 취업을 준비하는 졸업생들은 자신의 특성에 대한 성찰과 장기적인 생애 설계와 연관한 취업결정이 이루어져야 함을 논의하였다.

Comparison of Multi-Echo Dixon Methods with Volume Interpolated Breath-Hold Gradient Echo Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Fat-Signal Fraction Quantification of Paravertebral Muscle

유연화,김학선,이영한,윤춘식,Mun Young Paek,유한나,Stephan Kannengiesser,정태섭,송호택,서진석,김성준 대한영상의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.16 No.5

To assess whether multi-echo Dixon magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with simultaneous T2* estimation and correction yields more accurate fat-signal fraction (FF) measurement of the lumbar paravertebral muscles, in comparison with non-T2*-corrected two-echo Dixon or T2*-corrected three-echo Dixon, using the FF measurements from single-voxel MR spectroscopy as the reference standard. Sixty patients with low back pain underwent MR imaging with a 1.5T scanner. FF mapping images automatically obtained using T2*-corrected Dixon technique with two (non-T2*-corrected), three, and six echoes, were compared with images from single-voxel MR spectroscopy at the paravertebral muscles on levels L4 through L5. FFs were measured directly by two radiologists, who independently drew the region of interest on the mapping images from the three sequences. A total of 117 spectroscopic measurements were performed either bilaterally (57 of 60 subjects) or unilaterally (3 of 60 subjects). The mean spectroscopic FF was 14.3 ± 11.7% (range, 1.9–63.7%). Interobserver agreement was excellent between the two radiologists. Lin’s concordance correlation between the spectroscopic findings and all the imaging-based FFs were statistically significant (p < 0.001). FFs obtained from the T2*-corrected six-echo Dixon sequences showed a significantly better concordance with the spectroscopic data, with its concordance correlation coefficient being 0.99 and 0.98 (p < 0.001), as compared with two- or three-echo methods. T2*-corrected six-echo Dixon sequence would be a better option than two- or three-echo methods for noninvasive quantification of lumbar muscle fat quantification.

경복 대학생들의 예비 부모교육에 관한 인식 및 요구

유연화,심은미 경복대학 2000 京福論叢 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 경복 대학생의 부모역할에 대한 인식과 예비부모교육에 대한 인식 및 요구도를 파악하여 예비 부모교육을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 경복대학생 402명을 대상으로 연구자들이 제작한 설문지를 통하여 의견을 수집하였다. 연구결과 경복대학생들은 개인 심리적 차원의 부모됨의 동기를 갖고 있으나 전통적인 관점의 부모역할 개념을 갖고 있었다. 또한 예비부모교육의 중요성을 인식하고 있었으며 예비부모교육 내용 중 부모역할 및 책임이 가장 중요하다고 인식하고 있었다. The purpose of the study were to investigate perceptions of parental roles, to examine the educational needs regarding pre-parenthood education. 402 KyungBok College students participated in this study through a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The major findings are as follows. 1. KyungBok College students had a concept of personal-psychological parenting and stereo-typed concept of parental roles. 2. KyungBok College students perceived the importance of pro-parenthood education and felt thai the content of preparenthood education should include parental roles and responsibility.

Segmental Adenomyomatosis of Gallbladder: CT Assessment of the Patterns of Cholecystolithiasis

유연화,유정식,정재준,김주희,조은석,김대중,안지현,김기황 대한영상의학회 2011 대한영상의학회지 Vol.64 No.3

Purpose: To clarify the relationship between the pattern of cholecystolithiasis and the gross features of segmental adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five consecutive patients with segmental adenomyomatosis with calcified gallbladder stones defined on CT were retrospectively analyzed in terms of (i) stone location (fundal vs. neck compartment) and (ii) size of the largest stone as a function of the extent of segmental mural thickening (type A, limited at the narrow segment; type B, partially extended in the fundal direction; type C, involving the entire fundal compartment). The extent of segmental mural thickening in patients with cholecystolithiasis was compared with a control group (n = 48) lacking stones. Results: Stones were found more frequently in the fundal compartment in 48 patients compared to the neck compartment in 12 patients (p<0.001). The mean size of the largest stone in type C (5.4 ± 4.9 mm) was larger than in type A (2.3 ± 2.2 mm) (p=0.033). In patients with cholecystolithiasis, type C segmental thickening was predominant (69%) compared to the control group (42%) (p=0.012). Conclusion: In addition to a higher prevalence of stones, a wide extent of mural thickening combined with large stone size in the fundal compartment suggests the contribution of segmental adenomyomatosis to stone formation and chronic inflammation.

Interobserver and Test-Retest Reproducibility of T1ρ and T2 Measurements of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs by 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging

유연화,윤춘식,은나래,Moon-jung Hwang,Hanna Yoo,Robert D. Peters,정태섭,이영한,서진석,김성준 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.6

Objective: To investigate the interobserver and test-retest reproducibility of T1ρ and T2 measurements of lumbar intervertebral discs using 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 51 volunteers (female, 26; male, 25; mean age, 54 ± 16.3 years) who underwent lumbar spine MRI with a 3.0 T scanner. Amongst these subjects, 40 underwent repeat T1ρ and T2 measurement acquisitions with identical image protocol. Two observers independently performed the region of interest measurements in the nuclei pulposi of the discs from L1–2 through L5–S1 levels. Statistical analysis was performed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a two-way random model of absolute agreement. Comparison of the ICC values was done after acquisition of ICC values using Z test. Statistical significance was defined as p value < 0.05. Results: The ICCs of interobserver reproducibility were 0.951 and 0.672 for T1ρ and T2 mapping, respectively. The ICCs of test-retest reproducibility (40 subjects) for T1ρ and T2 measurements were 0.922 and 0.617 for observer A and 0.914 and 0.628 for observer B, respectively. In the comparison of the aforementioned ICCs, ICCs of interobserver and test-retest reproducibility for T1ρ mapping were significantly higher than T2 mapping (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The interobserver and test-retest reproducibility of T1ρ mapping were significantly higher than those of T2 mapping for the quantitative assessment of nuclei pulposi of lumbar intervertebral discs.

유치원 교육 실습 내용 및 현황 연구

유연화 경복대학 2001 京福論叢 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 유치원에서의 교육실습 현황 및 내용을 분석하여 체계적이고 효율적인 교육실습 방안을 모색하는 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. K대학 유아교육과 학생 123명을 대상으로 교육실습 후 실습형태, 실습내용, 지도교사의 실습지도 현황, 실습 만족도에 대해 설문 조사하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실습교사는 일일평균 9.88시간(토요일 2.79시간)을 유치원에서 실습하였으며 둘째, 실습교육활동은 자유선택활동(총 199회)에 비해 집단활동(총 313회)이 많이 이루어졌다. 셋째, 실습생들은 일부 지도교사가 활동실행이나 평가를 제대로 하지 않고 방치한다고 응답하였으며, 실습에 대한 만족도는 34.1%로 나타났다. This study was conducted to analyse student teachers' practicum contents and to provide the basic data for systematical and effective teaching practicum process in kindergarten. A questionaire was administered to 123 student teachers after practicum in order to gain information about practicum contents, attitudes of supervising teachers, and practicum satisfactions. The findings of this study were as follows: First, student teachers took practicum average 9.88 hours a day (Saturday 2.79 hours) during their practicum. Second, student teachers had group activities(total 313) more than free play activities(total 199). Third, student teachers thought that some of supervising teacher can't do well activity practices and evaluation. And the practicum satisfactions of student teachers were 34.1%.

유아기 자녀를 둔 아버지의 역할 인식과 수행에 관한 조사 연구 : 경기(포천, 의정부) 지역을 중심으로

유연화,최경애 경복대학 1997 京福論叢 Vol.1 No.-

유아의 성장 발달에 있어 아버지 역할의 중요성이 지적되고 있으나 어머니에 비해 아버지의 역할 인식과 수행에 관한 연구는 미흡한 편이다. 본 연구에서는 유아기 자녀를 둔 아버지 자신의 역할에 대한 인식과 역할 수행 정도를 알아보고자 경기(포천, 의정부)지역의 아버지를 대상으로 조사 연구하였다. 본 연구의 이론적 배경으로 아버지 역할에 대한 개념 및 인식의 변화를 살펴보고 그에 관한 선행 연구를 고찰한 후 그 결과를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해 나타난 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아기 자녀를 둔 아버지의 역할에 대해 가장 중요하게 생각하는 것은 「가족간의 사랑과 화합을 위해 노력하는 역할」로 나타났다. 둘째, 아버지의 역할 수행 정도를 알아 본 결과 「자녀에 대한 애정을 직접 표현한다」의 항목이 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 유아기 자녀를 둔 아버지의 역할 인식과 수행 정도간 상관은 r=.43으로 나타났다. 즉 제시된 문항에 대해 중요하다고 인식한 점수의 합이 높은 아버지일수록 실제 역할 수행을 더 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. A Study on Recognition and Practice of Paternal roles. The importance of the father's role as a vital factor in early childhood development has been pointed out constantly. But few studies has been carried out in this area than in the role recognition and practice of mothers'. For the study a survey on a father's role recognition and practice, the fathers with children attending kindergarten in Pocheon and Euijongbu area were selected. As for the theoretical background of the study, the concept of the father's role and change of recognition were reviewed through preceeded studies, and then the findings were analyed. 1. 'Building love and harmony in a family' was thought to be the most important role carried by a father. 2. To perform the above role as a father, the surveyed samples answerd that they express love to their children directly most often. 3. The survey shows that there is a corelations between the recognition and role practice as of r=.43.

보육실습교사가 경험한 실습유형에 따른 보육실습실태

유연화,최경애,오애순 한국영유아보육학회 2004 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.37

The purpose of this study is to analyze the practice areas and contents of student teaching program in child care centers, in which student teachers investigated the sort of practice activities according to have their experience during their practice period. This study was surveyed 324 under-graduate students who finished in child care center located in Seoul and Kyunggido. 349 questionsheets had distributed, and 324 respondents had answered it, that were analyzed with T-test, ANOVA, χ². The finding of this study were as follows: First, student teachers took practice average 9 hours and 58 minutes for a day, and they worked classroom for 80% of the practice time. Practicing Student teachers of 66.7% carried only in one classroom and others were rotated from a classroom to another. Second, student teachers had average 7.72% free play activities and 9.47% group activities. Private child care centers took more free play activities(arts, books, music area) and group activities(literature, music activities) than public. Third, almost student teachers assisted to children in snack and lunch every day or 3-4 times in routine practice. Forth, It was presented that student teachers were not coached by their instructor about charge of business practice. Fifth, It showed that student teachers used to participate classroomcleaning and teaching materials-arrangement from "participation degree of miscellaneous task" almost in everyday.

자기 자비, 생활 스트레스, 사회적 지지와 심리적 증상들의 관계

유연화,이신혜,조용래 한국인지행동치료학회 2010 인지행동치료 Vol.10 No.2

최근 심리학 및 인접 분야에서 심리적 건강에 대한 주요한 개인차 변인으로서 자기 자비가 부각되고 있으며, 자기 자비는 긍정적인 심리적 기능 및 심리적 안녕감과 연관되어있다는 연구가 보고되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 자기 자비, 생활 스트레스, 사회적 지지, 그리고 심리적 증상 수준을 측정하는 자기 보고형 검사들을 실시하여 심리적 증상들과 자기자비, 생활 스트레스 및 사회적 지지의 고유한 관계를 검증하였고, 생활 스트레스수준에 따라 심리적 증상들에 대한 자기 자비의 효과가 달라지는지도 검증하였다. 자기 보고형 검사들을 실시하여 수집된 자료들에 대해 상관분석과 위계적 중다회귀분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 자기 자비는 생활 스트레스와 사회적 지지, 그리고 전체 심리적 증상, 우울, 불안, 스트레스 증상들과 예상된 방향으로 유의한 상관을 보였다. 나아가, 자기 자비는 생활 스트레스와 사회적 지지의 영향을 통제한 후에도, 전체 심리적 증상수준에 유의미하게 기여하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 자기 자비의 고유효과는 심리적 증상의 구성요소들인 우울, 불안 및 스트레스증상들 각각에 대해서도 또한 지지되었다. 아울러, 우울증상에 대한 자기 자비의 영향력은 생활 스트레스수준이 낮을 때에 비해 높을 때 더 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 생활 스트레스와 사회적 지지의 상호작용효과는 전체 심리적 증상, 우울, 불안, 스트레스 증상 모두에 대해 유의하였다. 결론적으로, 이러한 결과들은 대학생들의 우울, 불안 및 스트레스증상 등 심리적 증상들을 효과적으로 완화하기 위해서는 그들의 생활 스트레스 및 사회적 지지에 초점을 맞추는 것 뿐 아니라, 그들의 자기 자비 수준을 높여주는 것도 중요함을 시사한다. The present study was conducted to examine how self-compassion, a major individual difference variable for psychological health, would be associated with life stress, social support, and psychological symptoms. Particularly, it examined whether self-compassion was associated with psychological symptoms, above and beyond life stress and social support, and if the effects of self-compassion on psychological symptoms were different according to the level of life stress. 151 university students completed an assessment battery consisting of the questionnaires measuring self-compassion, life stress, social support, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses on the collected data were carried out. Self-compassion was significantly associated with life stress, social support, overall psychological symptoms, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress symptoms in the expected way. Furthermore, self-compassion was a significant predictor of overall psychological symptoms when controlling for the effects of life stress and social support. The unique effects of self-compassion on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress symptoms, respectively, were also supported. The effect of self-compassion on depressive symptoms was stronger when the level of life stress was high than when it was low. The interaction effects of life stress and social were significant on overall psychological symptoms, depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest that it is important not only to focus on their life stress and social support of college students, but also to enhance their level of self-compassion in order to effectively alleviate their depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms.