지방자치 활성화를 위한 자치경찰제도입 방안에 관한 연구 : 제주자치경찰제 사례를 중심으로

유상용 한국보안관리학회(구 한국경호경비학회) 2014 시큐리티연구 Vol.- No.41

Recent Insights Into the Mechanisms of Vasospastic Angina

유상용,김장영 대한심장학회 2009 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.39 No.12

Coronary artery spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many types of ischemic heart disease, not only in vasospastic angina but also in myocardial infarction and sudden death, particularly in the asian population. Patients with vasospastic angina are known to have defective endothelial function due to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Moreover, markers of oxidative stress and plasma levels of C-reactive protein are elevated. Smoking, polymorphysms of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS), and low-grade inflammation have been regarded as the most important risk factors for vasospastic angina. The recent body of evidence indicates that RhoA and its down stream effector, ROCK/Rho-kinase, are associated with hypercontraction of vascular smooth muscle of the coronary artery and regulation of eNOS activity. Thus, endothelial dysfunction through abnormalities of eNOS and enhanced contractility of vascular smooth muscle in coronary artery segments are considered major mechanisms in vasospastic angina. However, the precise mechanisms for coronary vasospasm are not well understood. This article will review current understanding of the mechanism of coronary artery spasm. Coronary artery spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many types of ischemic heart disease, not only in vasospastic angina but also in myocardial infarction and sudden death, particularly in the asian population. Patients with vasospastic angina are known to have defective endothelial function due to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Moreover, markers of oxidative stress and plasma levels of C-reactive protein are elevated. Smoking, polymorphysms of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS), and low-grade inflammation have been regarded as the most important risk factors for vasospastic angina. The recent body of evidence indicates that RhoA and its down stream effector, ROCK/Rho-kinase, are associated with hypercontraction of vascular smooth muscle of the coronary artery and regulation of eNOS activity. Thus, endothelial dysfunction through abnormalities of eNOS and enhanced contractility of vascular smooth muscle in coronary artery segments are considered major mechanisms in vasospastic angina. However, the precise mechanisms for coronary vasospasm are not well understood. This article will review current understanding of the mechanism of coronary artery spasm.

語構成要素로서 1字漢語 「気(キ・ケ)」의 變遷 ―大蔵流狂言 3種의 名詞用例를 中心으로―

유상용 단국대학교 일본연구소 2018 일본학연구 Vol.55 No.-

This paper analyzes the change of meaninges of Sino-Japanese “ki(気)” which is used as a word component and idiomatic phrase, mainly in the Three editions of Okuraryu Kyogen. In the Okuraryu Kyogen, with reference to the examples of Toraakira (113 cases), Torahiro (214 cases), Toramitsu (167 cases), consider the examples used as “nouns” I attempted. As a result, “weather” is a frequently used vocabulary and is used as an example of “weather” and “complexion”. “Kind” is divided into “Petrifogue” and “Kishoku” and examined examples. Among them, examples of Tenki, Kishoku and Keshiki were increasing. Also, it was found that the examples of “Qi(気)” sent as word component increased. 본 연구는 大蔵流狂言3種을 중심으로 어구성요소 및 관용구로 사용되는 1자한어 「気(キ・ケ)」의 용례를 분석한 것이다. 大蔵流狂言중 虎明本(113例), 虎寛本(214例), 虎光本(167例)의 용례를 대상으로 명사로 사용되는 용례를 대상으로 비교 고찰하였다. 그 결과 「天気」는 사용빈도가 높은 어휘로 「天候」와 「顔色」의 용례로 사용되고 있다. 「気色」는 「ケシキ」와 「キショク」로 분류하여 용례를 분류하였다. 이 중 天気이외에 キショク와 ケシキ의 용례가 증가하고 있다. 또한 語構成要素로 사용된 「気」의 용례 증가를 확인할 수 있었다.

機嫌의 意味變遷- 中世口語資料를 中心으로-

유상용 부경대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2019 인문사회과학연구 Vol.20 No.3

This paper examines “Kigen”, which represents “the mental state of people”, through the use of medieval spoken language materials. In modern Japanese, “kigen” is considered to be a vocabulary that is frequently used as a vocabulary that represents human mental state. Originally, “Kigen(機嫌)” is a product made from the Buddhist word “Kigen(譏嫌)”, and it has been established as in modern meaning. The original meaning of “kigen(譏嫌)” is “don't like being angry(譏りを嫌う)”, and its meaning is different from modern Japanese. Moreover, as a result of examining the example of “Kigen”, it is thought that the example of “Kigen” increased after the medieval spoken language materials and became established like a modern language. Therefore, in this paper, we examine examples of “Kigen”, focusing on medieval materials. “Kyogen”, “Shokai Shingo”, “Show Mono”, and “Kirishitan Material” are mentioned as Japanese spoken materials in the Middle Ages. However, in the above-mentioned documents, the example of “Kigen” could be confirmed only by “Okuratra Akira Kyougen”. Therefore, in this paper, focusing on “Okuratra Akira Kyogen”, we considered “Okura Trahiro Kyoogen” and “Okura Trauma Kyoogen”, which are materials of the modern age, in comparison. As a result, 50 cases of “Kigen” were confirmed in “Okuratra Akira Kyogen”. The examples have been confirmed mainly for “Waki Kyogen”, “Dai Myo Kyogen”, and “Onna Kyogen”. In addition, it was used as a solid form like "Kigen + Walui (Ii)", "Kigen + Toru" and "Kigen + Naos". On the other hand, 71 and 63 cases were confirmed in the same document, "Okura kurahiro kyogen" and "Okura kura mitsu kyogen," respectively. As a result, it seems that the number of cases of "Kigen" is increasing in the modern era. In addition, it was confirmed that "prefix + kigen" is in the process of establishing its meaning like “gokigen (good feeling)” like “kotonai gokigen” and “gokigen + amari”. That is, it can be judged that the usage of “Kige” is expanding. In addition, it was found that “Kibun”, which is thought to share similar meaning to “Kigen, ” has its usage established in the early modern period and in the center. 본 논문은 사람의 심리상태를 나타내는 機嫌(キゲン)의 의미와 용법을 일본 중세구어자료를 통해 고찰한 것이다. 현대일본어의 機嫌(キゲン)은 사람의 심리상태를 나타내는 어휘로서 구어문에서 사용빈도가 높은 용례라고 판단된다. 이와 같은 機嫌(キゲン)은 불교어인 譏嫌(キゲン)에서 변화하여 현대일본어로 정착한 어휘로 譏嫌(キゲン)의 本義는「譏りを嫌う(비난받는 것을 싫어하다)」로 현대일본어의 機嫌(キゲン)과는 의미가 相異하다고 판단할 수 있다. 機嫌(キゲン)은 중세구어자료이후부터 용례가 증가하여 근세시대에 이르러 현대일본어와 같은 의미와 용법으로 정착되었다고 판단할 수 있다. 따라서 일본 중세구어자료를 중심으로 機嫌(キゲン)의 의미와 용법을 고찰함으로써 機嫌(キゲン)의 의미 확장 및 용법의 변화를 유추할 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 일본중세구어자료 중 大蔵流虎明本狂言에서만 機嫌(キゲン)의 용례를 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 機嫌(キゲン)의 용례를 大蔵流虎明本狂言을 중심으로 大蔵流虎寛本狂言과 大蔵流虎光本狂言과 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 大蔵流虎明本狂言에서 機嫌(キゲン)의 용례를 50개 확인할 수 있었고 주로 脇狂言之類, 大名狂言之類, 女狂言之類에서 나타나고 있었다. 또한 「機嫌が良い(悪い)」 「機嫌を取る」 「機嫌を直す」 관형구와 같이 정해진 형태로 사용되는 것이 일반적이었다. 또한, 그 의미는 「時機・潮時」와 「事情・様子」 이외에 현대일본어 「機嫌(キゲン)」과 유사한 의미로 쓰여지고 있었다. 이에 비해 동일문헌으로 판단할 수 있는 근세시대자료인 大蔵流虎寛本狂言 71例와 大蔵流虎光本狂言 63例와 같이 大蔵流虎明本狂言에 비해 그 용례가 증가하고 있으며 「殊無御機嫌」 「御機嫌の余り」와 같이 「御(接頭語)+機嫌」의 형태에서 「御機嫌(기분이 매우 좋은 상태)」로 그 의미가 정착되어 가는 과정을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 機嫌(キゲン)의 의미와 용법이 확대되고 있다는 것을 판단할 수 있었으며, 機嫌(キゲン)과 유사한 의미영역을 공유하고 있다고 판단되는 気分(キブン) 역시 근세시대를 중심으로 그 용법이 정착되고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

1字漢語「分(ブン)」의 意味와 用法의 擴大 -語構成要素와 接尾辭的인 用法의 發達을 中心으로-

유상용 한국일본어학회 2008 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.23

本 論文은 實質語가 形式語로 變遷하는 過程을 語의 構成要素로 使用되는 1字漢語「分」의 意味와 用法의 擴大를 통해 考察해 보았다. 그 結果 中世末期 口語資料 以前의 文献에서는 說話文學作品을 中心으로 語構成要素로 쓰이는 1字漢語「分」이 ‘部分・分る・身分’의 意味로 나타나고 있었다. 또한 이 意味는 近世口語資料까지 이어지고 있는 것을 確認할 수 있었지만 語構成要素로 쓰이는 1字漢語「分」은 限定된 用例밖에는 確認할 수 없었다. 이것에 비해 中世口語資料에 나타나는 1字漢語「分」의 意味는 ‘部分・分る・身分’의 意味 以外에 ‘程度’의 意味를 나타내는 用例를 確認할 수 있었고, 用法面으로는 接尾辭的인 用法으로 說明할 수 있는「辛労分・威徳分」과 같은 用例를 確認할 수 있었다. 또한 中世 口語資料 以前의 用例와 中世口語資料 用例를 比較해 보았을 때, 그 用例가 增加하고 있다는 것을 確認할 수 있었다. 近世口語資料와 中世口語資料를 比較해 보았을 때에는 1字漢語「分」은 意味面으로는 ‘部分・分る・身分・程度’의 意味를 繼承하면서 이 以外에 抽象的인 意味를 나타내는 ‘コト’의 意味領域을 共有하는 用例를 確認할 수 있었고, 用法面으로는 接尾辭的인 用法의「分」이 中世口語資料보다 폭 넓게 쓰이고 있는 것을 確認할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 意味와 用法에 變化는 1字漢語「分」이 形式語化하여 意味가 抽象的으로 發達하기 때문에 可能한 것으로 생각된다.

Tutorial 5 : ActiveX의 개요

유상용 한국정보과학회 1998 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1998 No.2

鬱陶(ウットウ) 用法의 變遷

유상용 단국대학교 일본연구소 2012 일본학연구 Vol.35 No.1

I studied the transition in ‘Uttō’ based on the reference of the Middle Ages. As a result, the meaning and usage of a modern language ‘Uttō’ ’has been expanded along with the extinction of the adjective ‘Ibseshi’. ‘Uttō’ was used to describe 'Depiction of the psychological state' and 'Depiction of the specific conditions'. The nounal usage was the mainstream before the the medieval spoken material, I could confirmed the adjectival usage of ‘Uttōshii’ through the medieval spoken material. The meaning of ‘Uttōshii’ had shared the area of the meaning with ‘Uttpun’ ‘Ikidoori’ ‘meiwakuda’ and ‘Kinodokuda’ The usage of ‘meiwakuda’ ‘Kinodokuda’ had been used frequently in the the modern literature.

形式名詞「ワケ(分·譯)」の意味変遷

유상용 단국대학교 일본연구소 2004 일본학연구 Vol.15 No.-

Rho-Associated Kinase 2 Polymorphism in Patients With Vasospastic Angina

유상용,김정욱,정상식,신대희,Jinkun Jang,이창근,Seung-Jea Tahk,신준한,최소연,윤명호 대한심장학회 2012 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.42 No.6

Background and Objectives: Recent studies indicate that in response to vasoconstrictor stimuli, the small GTPase RhoA and its down-stream effector, Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK)/Rho-kinase, are associated with hypercontraction of the vascular smooth muscle of coro-nary arteries through augmentation of myosin light chain phosphorylation and Ca 2+ sensitization. Expression of ROCK/Rho-kinase mRNA was significantly increased and up-regulated in the spastic coronary artery in a porcine model, and a specific inhibitor of ROCK/Rho-ki-nase inhibited coronary artery spasm in humans. We therefore explored the role of ROCK2 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of vaso-spastic angina (VA). Subjects and Methods: We studied 106 patients with VA who exhibited spontaneous or provoked coronary spasm during coronary angio-graphy and compared the prevalence of ROCK2 polymorphisms between this group of patients with VA and controls whose angiograms were normal, and in whom the ergonovine test did not cause spasm (n=107). Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ROCK2gene were selected. SNPs were genotyped by high-resolution melting. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed us-ing the SHEsis program. Results: The prevalence of genotypes of the 5 interesting SNPs in patients with VA was not different from that in the control group. In haplo-type analysis, the haplotype G-T-C-T-G (in order of rs978906, rs2271621, rs2230774, rs1515210, and rs3771106) was significantly associ-ated with a decreased risk of VA (p=0.007). Conclusion: The haplotype G-T-C-T-G in the ROCK2 gene had a protective effect against VA, suggesting the involvement of ROCK2 in VA pathogenesis.

日本語의 形式名詞와 韓國語의 不完全名詞와의 比較 硏究

劉相溶 단국대학교 일어일문학과 1995 壇日學報 Vol.7 No.-