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원철희,김병욱,한동준,임재명 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6
This research examined the treatment efficiency and methane production rate in treating slurry-type swine waste using UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactor. The UASB reactor was operated at an organics volumetric loading rate (VLR) of 2.6-15.7 ㎏COD/㎥/day. A stepwise increase of the VLR resulted in a temporary deterioration in the COD removal rate in UASB reactor but recovered quickly. The COD removal rate were 65-70% for VLR up to 5 ㎏COD/㎥/day. When organics VLR was 10 ㎏COD/㎥/day, the COD removal rate decreased sharply and there was loss of 17.537g of the seeding biomass due to sludge washout. This result indicated that the UASB system cannot be adapted to more than 10 ㎏COD/㎥/day of VLR. As the organic load increased from 2.6 to 15.7 ㎏ COD/㎥/d, the biogas production rate varied from 3.2 to 10.8 L/d and the methane conversion rate of the organic matter varied from 0.30 to 0.23 ㎥CH₄/㎏ COD_(removed). The methane content showed the range of 70.1-81.5% during the experimental period. The volatile solids (VS) removal efficiency was similar at the low VLR (< 5 ㎏COD/㎥/day), but it decreased sharply at the high VLR (> 5 ㎏COD/㎥/day). The VS reduction rate was, moreover, large those of COD. The result shows that hydraulic retention time above 2 days is essential in case of treating wastewater containing 1% of solids.
원철희,최용훈,박운지,신민환,최중대,Won, Chul-Hee,Choi, Yong-Hun,Park, Woon-Ji,Shin, Min-Hwan,Choi, Joong-Dae 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.53 No.6
We have examined the pollutant load of combined sewer in dry days. Two monitoring sites (C-1, C-2) were equipped with an flowmeter. Monitoring was conducted from September 2004 to April 2006 for 20 months during dry days. Flowrate and concentration of pollutants are lowest from 3 to 6 o'clock, and it is high at 9, 12 and 21 o'clock. Most of organic matters exist in the dissolved state. The results show that pollution loads in C-2 area were 4.5-7.2 times higher than in C-1. Pollutant loads were high on Saturdays. Pollutant loads (kg/ha/day) of C-2 were 1.1-3.1 times higher those of C-1. However there was no significant difference in winter. Analysis of correlation coefficient of water quality parameter indicates that besides of flowrate all items in C-1 site have tight relationship respectively (p<0.01). In C-2 site, correlation coefficient of TP-SS, TP-TN, TP-flowrate, BOD-flowrate, BOD-SS and TN-TP are statistically significant (p<0.01).
UASB 공정에 의한 고농도 축산폐수 처리시 유기물 제거와 메탄생성에 관한 연구
원철희,김승호,박은영,임재명 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B
This research was performed to investigate the COD removal efficiency and methane production in slurry-typed swine wastes using UASB(upflow anaerobic sludge blanket)reactor. The USAB reactor was operated from 0.8 through 3.3days of HRT in a range of 3 to 15 kg TCOD/m³/day of volumetric organic loading rate. The removal rate of TCOD was increased with the increase of the HRT. The removal rate of TCOD at an HRT over 2days, became greater than 68% with the methane contents being from 70 to 80%. Methane production rates were increased from 0.27 to 0.36 m³CH₄/kg CODrem. as HRTs were increased from 0.8 to 3.3days.
고랭지 밭의 비점오염부하 저감을 위한 지표피복재와 토양개량제의 효과
원철희,신민환,이수인,금동혁,임경재,최중대,Won, Chul-Hee,Shin, Min-Hwan,Lee, Su-In,Kum, Dong-Hyuk,Lim, Kyoung-Jae,Choi, Joong-Dae 한국농공학회 2014 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.56 No.3
We investigated the effect of straw mat cover and soil amendments on the reduction of runoff, non-point source pollution load and yield of a Chinese cabbage from alpine fields. Two plots on sandy loam soil were prepared. Experimental treatments were control and rice straw mat cover (3,300 kg/ha)+Polyacrylamide (PAM) (5 kg/ha)+Gypsum (1 ton/ha) (SPG). A variety of Chinese cabbage was cultivated and runoff was monitored during a growing season in 2012. Monitoring was conducted to seven times. Runoff rate of SPG plot was lower than those of control plot. The reduction rate of runoff from SPG plot was 29.4 % compared to control plot. The reduction rate of suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) load of SPG plot was 86.5 %, 34.7 % and 39.1 %, respectively. Yield of a Chinese cabbage from SPG plot (39,646 kg/ha) was greater than that of control plots (28,482 kg/ha). It was concluded that the use of SPG on soil surface could not only reduce the NPS pollution loads in receiving waters but also help increase the crop yield.
인공강우를 이용한 축산 자원화물의 비점오염 배출 특성 분석
원철희,최용훈,신민환,서지연,최중대,Won, Chul-Hee,Choi, Yong-Hun,Shin, Min-Hwan,Seo, Ji-Yeon,Choi, Joong-Dae 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.53 No.2
This research focused on the investigation of runoff and nonpoint sources (NPS) pollution characteristics from small soil box plots treated by livestock waste composts. An indoor rainfall simulation was performed over the plots for 60 minutes. Simulated rainfall intensities were 32.4, 43.2, 50.3 and 57.1 mm/hr respectively. Slope of soil box plots was $10^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$, respectively. Rainfall simulation replicated 5 times and the experiment was conducted every four days five times. As the slope of soil box increased, NPS pollution loads increased. And as rainfall intensity was increased from 32.4 to 57.1 mm/hr, NPS pollution loads gradually increased, too. Discharge of NPS pollution loads was the largest in the first simulation and thereafter decreased gradually. Discharged BOD load to the total applied load from $10^{\circ}$ plots, ranged 0.2 to 0.7 %, was 8.4 to 50.0 % lower than slope $20^{\circ}$ plots. When the application rate increased twice, the increase of pollution load was between 1.7~5.7 times. Analysis of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that organic matter content in pig compost and NPS pollution loads were correlated well. While under liquid compost application, the correlation coefficients between them were not good. It was concluded that application of livestock resources need to consider long-term weather forecast and if necessary, NPS reduction measures must be preceded in order to reduce NPS pollution discharge.
원철희,신민환,최용훈,신재영,박운지,최중대,Won, Chul-Hee,Shin, Min-Hwan,Choi, Yong-Hun,Shin, Jae-Young,Park, Woon-Ji,Choi, Joong-Dae 한국농공학회 2012 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.54 No.2
The objective of this research was to experimentally test the effect of rice straw mats on the reduction of runoff, sediment discharge and turbidity under a laboratory scale. We used the small runoff plots of 1 m ${\times}$ 1 m ${\times}$ 0.65 m ($L{\times}W{\times}H$) in size filled with loamy sand. Experimental treatments were bare (control), rice straw mat cover of straw mats + PAM + Gypsum (SPG), rice straw mats + Chaff + PAM + Gypsum (SCPG) and rice straw mats + Sawdust + PAM + Gypsum (SSPG); slope of 10 % or 20 %; and rainfall intensity of 30 mm/hr. Runoff volume and rate of covered plots were significantly lower than those of control plot. Average runoff rate of covered plots, slope of 10 % and 20 %, decreased 85.6 % and 72 % in respectively. Sediment reduction ratio was more than 99 % regardless of slope. The differences runoff and sediment discharge among different cover materials were not significant. It was also shown that even if runoff reduction by surface cover were low, sediment discharge reduction could be very significant and contribute to improve the water quality of streams in sloping agricultural regions. It was concluded that the use of straw mat and soil amendments (PAM and Gypsum) on sloping agricultural fields could reduce soil erosion and muddy runoff significantly and help improve the water quality and aquatic ecosystem in receiving waters. But mixing effect of PAM and Gypsum was minimal.