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원유경 한국현대영미소설학회 2001 현대영미소설 Vol.8 No.1
There has been an argument about Conrad's attitude toward imperialism. He was considered one of the few who could penetrate into the optimistic and hectic atmosphere of the expansion of the British Empire. He was interpreted as an author who tried to reveal the dark, ugly and materialistic side of imperialism. However, critics started to find out and reveal his imperialistic attitude especially after Chinua Achebe's angry protest against his racism. The imperialism in Conrad can be seen in his early novels such as Almayer's Folly, The Outcast of the Islands, Heart of Darkness and Lord Jim, and his early short stories such as "Karain: A Memory," "An Outpost of Progress," and "Amy Foster." This paper focuses on the problem of imperialism in the three short stories. Conrad was a Pole who was naturalized as a British subject, and a seaman who traveled around the world, especially to Asia and Africa. In the 19th century, the genre of imperialistic romance was popular, and Conrad followed the pattern of the popular traditional adventure stories using stereotypes such as naive natives or cannibals, and the myth of Africa as the "Dark Continent". However, he parodied and subverted that genre at the same time. He tried to reveal the hidden side of the ideology such as the white man's burden or white's superiority resulted from social darwinism supported and spread by such apparatus as romantic novels, travel writings or newspapers. Conrad was not a writer who was merely trapped in the contemporary ideology. It is true that he followed the contemporary ideas or genres, but he always tried to examine the contemporary discourses and criticize the faults or weaknesses. "Karain" was told by an optimistic seaman who used a British coin to rescue the ignorant Malay chief. "An Outpost of Progress" is told by an ironical omniscient narrator who satirizes the imperialistic cult of Europe, revealing the ugly realities of the whites who came to the "dark Africa" to civilize the natives. "Amy Foster" is a story of a castaway who was isolated and maltreated by the inhumane and ignorant British people. In these three stories, Conrad used the stereotypes of the imperialistic romance or travel writings popular at that time, and at the same time parodied and subverted them. Conrad was a writer who tried to examine imperialism in various ways, sometimes optimistically and sometimes pessimistically with a comprehensive perspective.
그룹테크놀러지 생산시스템에서 기계-부품 셀 형성을 위한 효율적 수리계획 모델링
원유경 한국생산관리학회 2001 韓國生産管理學會誌 Vol.12 No.2
본 논문에서는 그룹테크놀러지 생산시스템에서 기계-부품 셀을 형성하기 위한 효율적 수리계획모델을 제시한다. 유사성계수와 같은 간접척도에 의존하는 기존의 수리계획모델과는 달리 셀간 이동의 직접척도인 예외원소를 직접 최소화하는 수리계획모델이 제시된다. 우선 원문제는 Boctor 모델과 동등한 목적함수를 갖는 비선형 이진정수계획모델로 정식화된다. 목적함수는 최소의 추가 변수와 제약식을 갖도록 선형화되고 이는 다시 적절한 규모의 셀형성문제를 효율적으로 풀 수 있도록 이진변수의 수가 축소되는 선형모델로 변환된다. 문헌에서 제시된 적절하게 큰 규모의 셀 형성문제에 대한 시행결과는 기존의 직접최소화 모델이 상당히 긴 제한시간을 경과하여도 정수실행가능해도 제시하지 못하는데 비해 본 논문에서 제시되는 직접최소화 모델은 적절한 제한시간이내에 좋은 셀 형성결과를 보여준다.
최근 아시아계 미국여성의 정체성: 킴 웡 켈트너의 『골고루 갖춘 딤섬』과 캐롤라인 황의 『활짝 피다』를 중심으로
원유경 한국중앙영어영문학회 2010 영어영문학연구 Vol.52 No.3
Nowadays, the borders between countries have started to disappear. Traditional concepts of national identity and national culture are being replaced by new global identities. In the past, Asian immigrants arriving in the West were marginalized and suffered much when confronted by new and unfamiliar languages and cultures. However, the second or third generations of the original immigrants and the financially successful and educated new immigrants have started to enjoy a significantly enhanced quality of life, without feeling any barriers due to language. These changes are very evident in the works of contemporary Asian-American women writers such as Kim Wong Keltner’s The Dim Sum of All Things and Caroline Hwang’s In Full Bloom. The main point of this article is to analyze the problem of self/ethnic/cultural identity of intelligent Asian-American women in these two writers’ works. These young women writers use satire and humor, imitating and subverting the conventional plot of a sentimental mother-daughter relationship or a spiritual trip to the motherland. Their works sometimes appear less sincere and very shallow like a popular love story. However, they very effectively show how these intelligent, young women suffer from the humiliation of being stereotyped by an invisible racism towards Asians which is cloaked behind the policy of multiculturalism. Even though they have been assimilated into the mainstream of white society almost perfectly, their ethnic identity is still unstable.