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      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재후보

        Resistive Switching Properties of Pt/TiO2/n+-Si ReRAM for Nonvolatile Memory Application

        원상희,고승희,이관우,이재갑 대한금속·재료학회 2008 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.4 No.1

        We fabricated sputter-Pt/atomic layer deposition (ALD) TiO2/n+-Si structures for resistive random access memory (ReRAM). The use of n+-Si bottom electrode provides a simple way of fabricating ReRAMs, and offers compatibility with the conventional CMOS process. After annealing Pt (100 nm)/ ALD TiO2(38 nm)/ n+-Si structures in an O2 ambient at a temperature range of 100 to 500°C, we examined their effects on the switching properties. The as-deposited ALD TiO2 thin films showed no switching behavior. However, annealing at 100°C enabled the thin films to switch between a low- resistance state and a high-resistance state, thereby revealing the resistive switching behavior. In addition, electric pulse-induced resistance switching was repeated (about twenty times) in the 100°C-annealed TiO2 films. When the annealing temperature was increased to 300°C, the switching properties of the TiO2 thin films were significantly improved in terms of the resistive switching cycle and the dispersion of the set/reset voltages, probably due to the improved crystallization of the TiO2 films and the enhanced anode interface properties. As a result, the simple structure of Pt/ALD TiO2/n+-Si can be applied to nonvolatile memory devices.

      • KCI등재

        만성 뇌졸중 환자들의 보행 능력 향상을 위한 새로운 접근방법 : ‘신경근육 조절 및 재설정’ 개념의 임상적 적용

        원상희,오덕원,유달영 한국신경근육물리치료학회(구 한국신경근육재활학회) 2017 한국신경근육재활학회지 Vol.7 No.2

        Stroke is characterized by various symptoms such as sensory-motor paralysis, spasticity, reduced muscular strength and endurance, and limited joint mobility on affected side, thereby leading to functional impairments. In stroke rehabilitation, the recovery of walking function is ultimate goal to re-integrate community life and facilitate active participation in daily activities. In general, most clinicians have adopted specific approaches to treat functional impairments caused by stroke in their own decision, which followed theoretical frameworks based on neurophysiological knowledge. However, researches failed to clarify therapeutic evidences on the clinical efficacies of traditional approaches. Taken with motor learning principles, task-oriented approach and functional training is more likely to facilitate functional recovery in patient-centered way following stroke. In most cases, musucloskeletal impairments such as misalignment of joint and muscle imbalance have been in little attention in stroke rehabilitation; however, specific solution for these problems needs to manage a variety of functional impairments and demonstrate improved effects of the training. Concept of ‘Neuromuscular Control and Reset (NCR)’ reflects this issue along with focusing on the benefits of functional training, and this introduces an combination of the advantages of ‘Top-down approach’ and ‘Bottom-up approach’. Algorithm of the NCR concept provides detailed procedure to help decision-making process of physical therapists, which includes four types of a reset: joint malalignment, muscle imbalance, and impaired joint stability and sensory-motor control. This study aimed to illustrate the therapeutic principles of the NCR concept and application method of algorithm offering the specific process of evaluation and treatment to enhance the walking function of patietns with post-stroke hemiparesis.

      • KCI등재

        Effects of Defects Generated in ALD TiO₂ Films on Electrical Properties and Interfacial Reaction in TiO₂/SiO₂/Si System upon Annealing in Vacuum

        원상희,고성희,이원희,정경훈,정현석,이종무,이은구,이재갑 대한금속·재료학회 2008 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.14 No.6

        Thin TiO2 layers grown at 130℃ on SiO₂-coated Si substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using TTIP and H₂O as precursors were annealed, and the effects of the annealing temperature on the resulting electrical properties of TiO₂ and the interface properties between a Pt electrode and TiO₂ were examined using transmission line model (TLM) structures. The as-deposited TiO₂ thin film had an amorphous structure with OH groups and a high resistivity of 6 × 10³ Ω-cm. Vacuum annealing at 700℃ transformed the amorphous film into an anatase structure and reduced its resistivity to 0.04 Ω-cm. In addition, the vacuum-annealing of the TiO₂/SiO₂ structure at 700℃ produced free silicon at the TiO₂-SiO₂ interface as a result of the reaction between the Ti interstitials and SiO₂. The SiO₂ formed on the TiO₂ surface caused a Schottky contact, which was characterized by the TLM method. The use of the TLM method enabled the accurate measurement of the resistivity of the vacuum-annealed TiO₂ films and the characterization of the Schottky contacts of the metal electrode to the TiO₂. Thin TiO2 layers grown at 130℃ on SiO₂-coated Si substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using TTIP and H₂O as precursors were annealed, and the effects of the annealing temperature on the resulting electrical properties of TiO₂ and the interface properties between a Pt electrode and TiO₂ were examined using transmission line model (TLM) structures. The as-deposited TiO₂ thin film had an amorphous structure with OH groups and a high resistivity of 6 × 10³ Ω-cm. Vacuum annealing at 700℃ transformed the amorphous film into an anatase structure and reduced its resistivity to 0.04 Ω-cm. In addition, the vacuum-annealing of the TiO₂/SiO₂ structure at 700℃ produced free silicon at the TiO₂-SiO₂ interface as a result of the reaction between the Ti interstitials and SiO₂. The SiO₂ formed on the TiO₂ surface caused a Schottky contact, which was characterized by the TLM method. The use of the TLM method enabled the accurate measurement of the resistivity of the vacuum-annealed TiO₂ films and the characterization of the Schottky contacts of the metal electrode to the TiO₂.

      • KCI등재

        연기금의 투자 배제전략이 기업 주가와 투자성과에 미치는 영향 - GPF-G, ABP, AP의 국내 배제 기업 사례를 중심으로 -

        원상희,이은광,전봉걸 충남대학교 경영경제연구소 2022 경영경제연구 Vol.44 No.1

        본 연구의 목적은 해외 연기금(GPF-G, ABP, AP)의 공개 투자 배제 발표가 국내 기업주가에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구는 해외 연기금의 공개 자료를 통해 배제 공개일, 기업명, 배제 사유를 수집하고, DataGuide의 재무자료를 활용하여, Event study와 포트폴리오 성과분석 모형(CAPM, Three Factor Model)을 통해 배제전략의 장·단기 영향을측정하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 연기금의 배제 공개는 무기와 환경 부문에서 주가에 단기 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 배제전략 포트폴리오는 전반적으로 시장 대비 양(+)의 초과성과를 보이지는 않았으나, 기간을 구분(스튜어드십 코드 도입·전후)하여 분석할 경우, SC 도입 이후 배제전략은 시장 대비 우월한 성과를 보였고, 그 결과는 1% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 종합하면, 본 연구 결과는 투자자가 배제전략을 고려할 때, 여전히 무엇을제외(주제, 범위선정)할지에 대한 이슈는 남아 있지만, 투자자의 가치 기준과 윤리적 기준을환기하면서도 투자성과에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않을 전략으로써 가능성이 존재함을 시사한다

      • KCI등재후보

        근골격계 손상의 치료를 위한 새로운 물리치료 접근법 : 최근 패러다임에 기반한 ‘신경근육 조절 및 재설정’ 개념

        원상희,오덕원,원종오 한국신경근육물리치료학회(구 한국신경근육재활학회) 2021 한국신경근육재활학회지 Vol.11 No.2

        In recent, physical therapists undergo rapid paradigm shift toward dynamic perspectives based on therapeutic efforts to restore functional problems rather than focusing on medical diagnosis of disease in treating a variety of musculoskeletal impairments. This conception emphasizes on the evaluation of postural aberrations and their causes, and then the treatment of functional limitations to relieve the symptoms related to musculoskeletal impairments. Based on current trends, the ‘Neuromuscular Control and Reset (NCR)’ concept supports the use of the 4R, which includes the reset of joint malalignment, reset of muscle imbalance, reset of impaired joint stability, and reset of impaired sensory-motor control, as specific option to identify physical factors related to functional limitations and to facilitate therapeutic effects. The NCR concept highlights that the precise evaluation on posture and movement should be a proceeding condition to provide the treatment of musculoskeletal impairments. Therefore, a best idea in the physical therapy of musculoskeletal impairments needs to promote the understanding of kinesiopathology associated with joint malalignment and muscle imbalance as well as the analysis of physical movements. Further studies require to provide detailed guidelines and algorithm in the evaluation and treatment for clinical application of the NCR concept, and to evidence its clinical feasibility and effects.

      • KCI등재후보
      • 水晶體 β-Crystallin의 Aggregation에 對한 Calcium의 影響에 關한 硏究

        元相喜,郭相太,林圭 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.2

        Changes of protein patterns of CaCl_2-treated β-crystallin fraction and native β-crystallin frac tion, and the effects of mercaptoethanol have been investigated by urea/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (urea/PAGE). 1. Physiological concentration (0.8 mM) CaCl_2- treated β_H-crystallin was separated seven subfra ctions by urea/PAGE. In the 10 mM CaCl_2- treated β_H-crystallin, No. 6, 7 subtractions were dec reased and No. 6B subfraction was newly appeared when compared with that of 0.8 mM CaCl_2- treated. In the presence of 20 mM EGTA, protein patterns exhibited the same as 0.8 mM CaCI_2- treated native β_H-crystallin. In 10 mM CaCl_2-treated β_H-crystallin, No. 7 subfraction was decrea sed and No. 6B subfraction was appeared. 2. Physiological CaCI_2 concentration (0.8 mM)-treated β_L-crystallin was separated nine subfrac tions by urea/PAGE. In the high CaCI_2 concentration (10 mM)-treated β_L-crystallin, No.9 subfraction was disappeared and No. 8 subfraction decreased. In the presence of 20 mM EGTA, proteinpatterns exhibited the same as 0.8 mM CaCl_2- treated β_L crystallin. In 10 mM CaCl_2- treated native β_L-crystallin, No. 8B subfraction was disappeared and No. 8A subfraction was increased. 3. When β-crystallin separated after 10 mM mercaptoethanol and 10 mM CaCl_2- treated was electrophoresed by urea/PAGE, No. 6, 8 subfractions were disappeared and No. 3, 7 subfraction were increased in β_H-crystallin, and No. 5 subfraction was increased in β_L-crystallin From the above, results it is suggested that the aggregation of β-crystall ins of the lens by calcium may be resulted to not only the interaction of α, γ-crystallin subfra ctions, but also the interaction of β-crystallin subfractions, and not related the formation of disulfide bond.

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