미세먼지 처리에 따른 전나무, 중국단풍, 소나무, 굴참나무의 생리⋅생화학적 반응 및 흡착 특성

우상헌,이고은,이종규,곽명자,임예지,정수경,제선미,장한나,손정아,오창영,김경하,우수영 한국산림과학회 2023 한국산림과학회지 Vol.112 No.1

In recent years, the frequency of warnings about particulate matter (PM) has gradually increased in Korea, along with an increase in its intensity. Because of their vast surface area, reactivity to external particles, and characteristics of their leaves, urban trees can act as biofilters, reducing PM pollution. However, the air pollutant PM can cause various types of damage not only to human health but also to vegetation. Studies performed to date on the responses of trees to PM are still insufficient. Here, we analyzed the correlation between PM adsorption and physiological and biochemical responses of four major street tree species, namely, Abies holophylla, Acer buergerianum, Pinus densiflora, and Quercus variabilis, under conditions of approximately 300 µg m-3 of fly ash emissions using a phytotron. The results showed that the physiological and biochemical responses and PM adsorption differed depending on the tree species. In correlation analysis, it was confirmed that there were positive correlations between physiological factors, and PM adsorption on adaxial leaf surfaces negatively impacted the physiological characteristics. This study provides fundamental information for selecting tree species to reduce PM pollution and develop sustainable urban forests. 도시와 자연에 부정적인 영향을 끼치는 미세먼지에 대한 저감 연구가 점점 심화되고 있다. 이에따른 미세먼지 저감 대책 중 하나로써 도시 수목의 미세먼지 저감 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 이와 관련하여 미세먼지에 의한 도시 수목의 피해 반응 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 도시 수목 중 전나무(Abies holophylla), 중국단풍(Acer buergerianum), 소나무(Pinus densiflora), 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis)에 대하여 고농도 미세먼지 처리로 나타나는 피해반응을 조사하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 위 네 수종을 대상으로 식물생장조절챔버(phytotron)에서 시간 당 300 μg m-3 농도의 미세먼지를 처리하여 각 수종의 생리적, 생화학적 변화 반응과 잎의 흡착면적을 측정하였다. 그리고 순광합성량, 기공전도도, 증산률, 엽록소 함량, ROS, MDA, 잎의 흡착면적에 대해서 상관 분석을 진행하여 상호 간의 관계를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 수종마다 생리·생화학적 반응과 흡착면적이 종 특이적으로 나타났다. 순광합성량의 경우 전나무에서 가장 큰감소세를 보였으며 소나무와 굴참나무는 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 굴참나무는 ROS의 변화 또한 미미하였다. 모든 수종에서 MDA 함량이 공통적으로 증가하였다. 4주 처리 이후 흡착면적에서 전나무는 잎의 앞면, 소나무는 잎의 뒷면에 높은면적량을 나타냈다. 상관성 분석 결과 생리적 반응 요인들 간에 양의 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였고, 잎의 앞면에 높은 흡착면적을 보일수록 생리적 반응에 부정적인 영향이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 미세먼지 저감과 지속 가능한 도시 숲을효율적으로 조성하기 위한 수종 선택의 기초 데이터를 제공한다.

비만학생들의 운동후 회복시 초과 산소소비량 및 지속시간에 관한 연구

박철호,권민호,고봉민,박은경,우상헌 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1999 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of two different intensity of continuous exercise on magnitude of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption(EPOC), energy consumption following a 20min treadmill exercise. The subjects of this study were eight super-obesity in middle school students who were above 13 years old. subjects participated in two different exercise intensity to measure respiratory gas, blood lactate concentration and eardrum temperature. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The Energy consumption of the high intensity (80% VO₂ max) exercise group (264.68 35.60cal) was greater than that of the low intensity (50%) exercise group(172.01 20.39 Cal)(p<.001). 2. The EPOC of the high intensity exercise group (22.36+ 6.82Cal ) was greater than that of the low intensity exercise group(15.39+5.27 Cal)(p<.001). 3. The EPOC duration of th high intensity exercise group(28.36=3.56min) was longer than that of the low intensity exercise group(17.23+1.25min)(p<.001) 4. The blood lactate concentration, respiratory exchange ratio and temperature of the high intensity exercise group were greater than those of the low intensity exercise group(p<.05,p<.01). EPOC and duration were increase with 80%VO₂max, 80% VO₂max as intensity exercise got higher this also showed that it had something to do with lactate concentration in blood and increase of body temperature in the conclusion. We considered that there was a difference in using methods of energy, as there was a similar difference in RER. We though this following with oxygen consumption after exercise, we could clarify that high intensity exercise was better than lower intensity exercise in sametime for those who are obese especially adolescents to maintain their weights on the aspect of effect.

장기간의 40분 달리기 운동이 비만학생의 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백 대사에 미치는 영향

박철호,권민호,고봉민,박은경,우상헌 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1999 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 wks before and after running exercise of obsese student in D high school in Pusan city, exercise group(7) performed 12 wks running exercise and control group(7),before and after subjects performed the maximal exercise thest on treadmile's 12 wks running exercise. Through the comparision and analysis of change serum lipids and apoliporotein metabolism, the results of this study were as follows. 1. In 12 wks before and agter running exercise at the rest time,exercise group was found to have a great decrease in TC(8%),TG(29%),LDL-C(7%) and to have a significant in crease in HDL-C(20%),FFA(74%). 2. At the rest, the control group was found to have a little decrease in TG, HDL-C,LDL-C and to have little changes in TC and FFA. 3. In 12wks before and after running exercise at the maximal exercise, the exercise group was found to have a significant decrease in TC(18%),TG(23) and to have a significant in crease in HDL-C(20%),LDL-(25%),FFA(23%) and TG and HDL-C were found to have a significant change. 4. At the maximal exerxcise , were found to have little change in the control group. 5. Apo A-I in the exercise group was found not to have the change signicantly. but to have anincrease 5% at the rest time, 6% at the maximal exercise. And the control group was almost found not to have change. 6. Statically, Apo B in the exercise group was found not to have a signficant change, but to have the increase 12%at the maximal exercise and the control group was found not to have a change.

고지방 식이 섭취로 유발된 비만 쥐의 시상하부 BDNF발현과 렙틴 mRNA 발현, 혈청 렙틴과 항비만과의 관계에 대한 운동트레이닝의 효과

우상헌(Sang Heon Woo),강성훈(Sunghwun Kang),우진희(Jinhee Woo),신기옥(Ki Ok Shin) 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.42 No.10

본 연구의 목적은 고지방식으로 유도된 비만이 에너지 항상성 조절인자인 신경영양인자와 섭식조절 호르몬인 렙틴 mRNA 발현에 어떠한 관련성이 있는지를 규명하는 것과 비만 쥐의 시상하부 BDNF 발현과 렙틴 리셉터 mRNA 발현, 혈청 렙틴과 항비만과의 관계에 대한 운동트레이닝과 정상식이로의 전환에 대한 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과 8주 후 비만 대조군(HF)에 비해 운동군(HFT), 정상식이군(HFND), 운동 및 정상식이 트레이닝군(HFNDT)에서 각각 유의한 체중 및 혈중 TC 감소를 보였다(P<0.05). 혈중 TG에서는 HF군에 비해 HFNDT군에서 유의한 감소를 보였다(P<0.05). 혈중 렙틴은 HF군에 비해 HFT군에서 유의한 감소를(P<0.05), HFT군에 비해 HFND군에서 유의한 감소를 보였으며(P<0.05), HFND군에 비해 HFNDT군에서 유의한 감소를 나타냈다(P<0.05). 시상하부 BDNF 단백질 발현은 HF군에 비해 모든 군에서 유의한 증가를 보였다(P<0.05). 시상하부 렙틴 리셉터 mRNA는 HF군에 비해 HFT와 HFND군에서 약간의 감소를, HFNDT군에서는 증가를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과는 고지방식이로 유도된 비만쥐에 대한 운동트레이닝은 항비만 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 운동 또는 정상식이의 병행은 식욕과 체중조절에 최적의 비만예방 및 개선효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study is to examine how to relate with hypothalamus protein BDNF and mRNA leptin expression, and test the effect of exercise training upon anti-obesity in high-fat induced obese rats. Weight and plasma TC of the high-fat diet group (HF) significantly reduced in comparison to those in the high-fat diet and training group (HF-T), high-fat diet and normal diet group (HF-ND), and high-fat diet, training, and normal diet group (HF-ND+T) (P<0.05). Plasm TG of the HF group significantly decreased in comparison to the HF-ND+T group (P<0.05). The plasma leptin level significantly reduced in the HF-T group in comparison to the HF group, in the HF-ND group compared to the HF-T group, and the HF-ND+T group in comparison to the HF-ND group (P<0.05, respectively). All groups were significantly increased in hypothalamus BDNF protein expression in comparison to the HF group. In hypothalamus leptin mRNA expression, the HF-T and HF-ND groups reduced, but the HF-NF+T group increased in comparison to the HF group. This result suggests that it shows the effect of exercise training upon anti-obesity in high-fat diet induced obese rats and the combined exercise and/or normal diet may affect the optimal obesity improvement and prevention in appetite and weight control.

고강도 저항성 운동이 24시간 평균동맥압과 심박수에 미치는 영향

박철호,우상헌 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-

As this study is to examine the effect of resistance exercise, it was made an experiment on resistance-trained group which conducted more than three times a week during 12 weeks and high-intensity resistance exercise of once during 60 minutes in the object of a young man in his 20s with normotensive and irregular exercise habit. After the exercise, MAP and heart rate(HR) during 24-h were changed as the following results. 1. On rest HR of resistance-trained group compared with non-trained group were significantly(p<.05) low, MAP of resistance-trained group compared with non-trained group were low but they were not significantly different. 2. The change of 24-h HR in resistance-trained group both resistance exercise day and control day didn't have the significant difference in all sections. 3. 24-h HR of non-trained group was significantly(p<.05) low between 9AM to 1PM on resistance exercise day compared with control day. 4. On control day, HR of resistance-trained group compared with non-trained group were significantly(p<.05) low between 9AM to 1PM. 5. On resistance exercise day, 24-h HR of resistance-trained group compared with non-trained group were significantly(p<.05) low, 24-h MAP is significantly(p<.05) high between 9AM to 1PM. In conclusion, rest heart rate(RHR) of resistance trained group were significantly(p<.05) low compared with mean, cardiovascular's function of resistance trained group compared with non-trained group were good. In all comparisons, 24-h heart rate(HR) and MAP were similar patterns, it showed they didn't have an influence on the change of 24-h blood pressure(BP) no matter how resistance exercise may be executed.

장기간의 40분 달리기 운동이 비만학생의 호흡순환능력과 혈청 지질에 미치는 영향

박철호,고봉민,박은경,우상헌,안민호 동아대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of study was to investigate the effect of 12wks before and after running exercise of obsese in D high school in Pusan city, exercise group(7) performed 12wks running exercise and control group(7), before and after subjects performed the maximal exercise test on treadmill's 12wks running exercise. Through the comparision and analysis of change respiro-circulatory and serum lipids the results of this study were as follows. 1. In 12wks before and after running exercise, physique and body composition of exercise group was found to have a great decrease in %Fat(6%), Fat(kg)(6%), Triceps(7%) and to have a significant in crease in %LBM(6%). 2. Respiro-circulatory Capacity of exorcise group at the maximal exercise, was found to have a great decrese in VE(5%), RR(8%), RQ(5%). 3. In 12wks before and after running exercise at rest time, in seam lipids of exercise group was found to have a great decrease in TC(8%), TG(29%), LDL-C(7%) and to have a significant in crease in HDL-C(20%), FFA(74%). 4. At rest time, the control group was found to have a little decrease in TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and to have little change in TC and FFA. 5. In 12wks before and after running exercise at the maximal exercise, in serum lipids of the exercise group was found to have significant decrease in TC(18%), TG(23%) and to have a significant in crease in HDL-C(20%), LDL-C(25%), FFA(23%) and TG and HDL-C were found to have a significant change. 6. At maximal exercise, was found to have little change in the control group.

승강대 운동이 비만고등학생의 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백 대사에 미치는 영향

박철호,고봉민,박은경,우상헌,안민호 동아대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 wks before and after step test of obsese student in D high school in Pusan city, exercise group(7) performed 12 wks step test and control group(7), before and after subjects performed the maximal exercise thest on treadmile's 12 wks step test. Through the comparision and analysis of change serum lipids and apolipoprotein metabolism, the results of this study were as follows. 1.In 12 wks before and after step test at the rest time, exercise group was found to have a increase In TC(12.7%), TG(9.76%), LDL-C(13.8%) and to have a significant increase in HDL-C(11.3%), FFA(96.8%). 2.At the rest, the control group was found to have a little increase in TG(9.2%) and HDL-C(6.7%), and to have a significant increase in TC(9.2%), LDL-C(8.9%) and FFA(7.5%). 3.In 12 wks before and after step test at the maximal exercise, the exercise group was found to have a significant increase in TC(5.6%), HDL-C(20.2%) and FFA(54.3). 4.At the maximal exercise, were found to have a significant increase in TC(9.7%) and LDL-C(9.9%) in the control group. 5.In 12 wks before and after step test at the maximal exercise, the exercise group was found to have a significant increase in Apo A-I(8.0%). 6.Statistically, At the maximal exercise, were found to have a significant increase in Apo B(7.8%).

초등학생의 1000m 달리기-걷기 평가방법에 관한 연구

박철호,박은경,고봉민,우상헌,안민호,차유림 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-

This research aims to develop a new evuluation method of endurance for elementary school students. The norm of the event of 1,000m running-walking was examined and reviewed. As a result, a new highly-valid norm for the present 1,000m running-walking was made. Among the 5th and 6th graders, 2,144 pupils were chosen. The subjects were given 1,000m running-walking and step test. The new norm led to the following results: 1. The frequency distribution of PEI according to Cajori's 5-stage evaluation method turned out to be normal for both 5th and 6th graders. In conclusion, this new norm of 1,000m running-walking is believed to provide more valid and credible scores for elementary school students. The 1,000m running-walking records and the PEI will be used as the basic data for foretelling one's endurance.

Exercise and dietary change ameliorate high fat diet induced obesity and insulin resistance via mTOR signaling pathway

배주용,신기옥,우진희,우상헌,장기성,이율효,강성훈 한국운동영양학회 2016 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.20 No.2

(Purpose) The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise and dietary change on obesity and insulin resistance and mTOR signaling protein levels in skeletal muscles of obese rats. (Methods) Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into CO (Normal diet) and HF (High Fat diet) groups in order to induce obesity for 15 weeks. The rats were then subdivided into CO, COT (CO + Training), HF, HFT (HF + Training), HFND (Dietary change), and HFNDT (HFND + Training) groups (10 rats / group). The training groups underwent moderate-intensity treadmill exercise for 8 weeks, after which soleus muscles were excised and analyzed. Data was statistically analyzed by independent t-test and One-way ANOVA tests with a 0.05 significance level. (Results) Fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, and HOMA-IR in the HF group were significantly higher, as compared with other groups (p <.05). Protein levels of insulin receptor subunit-1 (IRS-1), IRS-2, and p-Akt were significantly higher in the HFT, HFND, and HFNDT groups, as compared with HF group. In addition, the protein levels of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and ribosomal S6 protein kinase 1 were significantly decreased by exercise and dietary change (p <.05). However, mTORC2 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase were significantly increased (p <.05). (Conclusion) In summary, despite the negative impact of continuous high fat intake, regular exercise and dietary change showed a positive effect on insulin resistance and mTOR signaling protein levels.

고지방식이로 유도된 비만 마우스의 트레드밀 운동이 중추와 말초조직에서 ECS에 미치는 영향

강성훈 ( Sung Hwun Kang ),여남회 ( Nam Hwoeh Yeo ),우상헌 ( Sang Heon Woo ),신기옥 ( Ki Ok Shin ),장기성 ( Ki Seong Jang ),배주용 ( Ju Yong Bae ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2013 체육과학연구 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 고지방 식이로 유도한 비만 마우스를 대상으로 규칙적인 운동과 식이변화에 따른 중추와 말초 조직에서 Endocannabinoid system(ECS)의 주요 구성인자인 monoglyceride lipase(MGL), fatty acid amidohydrolase(FAAH)의 변화와 그 수용체의 활성수준을 살펴보고, 규칙적인 운동으로 인한 개선 효과를 분자 생물학적 차원에서 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 실험동물은 4주령 된 수컷 C57/black mouse 40마리를 분양 받아 CO군(control, n=10)과 HF군(high fat diet, n=30)으로 분류하여 45%의 고지방 식이를 이용하여 6주간 비만을 유도하였다. 비만유도 후 HF군(n=10), HFT군(HF+training, n=10), HFND군(HF → normal diet, n=10)으로 재분류하여, 8주간 경사도 0°의 조건에서 주 5일, 1일 40분씩 트레드밀 운동을 실시하였다. 그 결과 HF군, HFT군, 그리고 HFND군은 CO군에 비하여 체중이 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가 하였으며, 시상하부의 CB1과 복부내장지방의 FAAH가 CO군에 비하여, HF군, HFT군 그리고 HFND군에서 유의하게 높게(p<0.05) 나타났다. 따라서 지속적인 고지방식이로 식욕통제와 지방대사에 악영향을 미치는 시상하부의 CB1과 복부내장지방의 FAAH가 증가하였음을 발견하였다. 8주간의 트레드밀 운동은 ECS에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 못하였으며, 식이변화 역시 ECS에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 따라서 향후 연구에서는 운동의 시너지 효과가 나타날 수 있는 고지방식이에서의 식이변화와 운동을 복합 처치한 디자인의 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. This study was to investigate the effects of regulatory treadmill exercise on endocannabinoid system of adipose tissue and hypothalamus in high fat diet induced obesity mice. The adopted subjects of this study were 40 heads of four week old C57/black mice. Induced obesity through 6 weeks of a high fat diet while the other group were fed with a normal diet. After 6 weeks, all study mice were classified into 4 groups which were the control group(CO, n=10), high fat diet(HF, n=10), high fat diet-training(HFT, n=10), high fat diet-normal diet(HFND) groups. Treadmill running was performed during 40 minutes, 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The HF, HFT, HFND groups showed significantly(p<0.05) increased in body weight and significantly(p<0.05) higher CB1 receptor of the hypothalamus and FAAH of adipose tissue than CO group. Therefore, we found that the increase in CB1 receptor of the hypothalamus and FAAH of adipose tissue which is effects on the control of appetite and fat metabolism by continued high fat diet. However, treadmill training for 8 weeks and dietary changes did not have a positive impact on ECS system. Thus, in the future research, it is thought that the study will be needed showing the synergistic effect of exercise through combined treatment of dietary change and exercise in high fat diet.