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우경국 대한건축학회 1997 建築 Vol.41 No.8
인도의 건축과 예술은 기본적으로 종교적 주제와 발전이라 이해하면 될 것이다. BC2500~1500년 사이의 인더스강 유역 문명에 의한 고대의 도시와 소규모 유물들로부터 Mauryan 시대(BC321~184) 아쇼카 왕조의 불교미술(무트라, 간다라), Sunga시대(BC184~70)의 초기불교 동굴사원(소승불교)으로부터 AD100년 대승불교를 거쳐 굽타왕조시대 (서기319~606) 불교와 자인교의 소퇴후 힌두교가 재번성할 때까지 엘로라, 아잔타, 산치, 사르나스 등지에서 불교의 황금기를 맞는다.
우경국 한국정원학회 1985 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.1 No.4
Korean traditional waterscape is located in the joint area between architecture and exterior space, which is sub-living space for men's meditation, reading, taking a walk, private meeting, and so on. As the functions follow the silent space, with a view to maintain the conceptual clarity and Hyang Chun sa sang, the water was cultivated, based on reflectionity and clarity of the calmness of water itself, mainly to exclude strong movement and sparkling of water. In the process of letting in water, the Korean traditional waterscape is conducted as the extension area of the natural space to adjust itself to the nature. (eg, with small falls with humor to give a little cry (sori) which inspires the poetic) Especially, the commencement of spring and the water process flowed into pond are clearly expressed and also naturally controlled to flow out. On the other hand, these characteristics are different from artificial introduction and the geometrical shape of the Western waterscape. In spite of its location of sub-space, the pond is interior to Rue and Jung Ja (arbour) and is such a indistinctness of the inside and the outside that is located in the appropriate place to feel and appreciate. So view of exterior waterscape is attached to importance through the open interior. To exclude the role of public place is regarded as the pursuit of spritual pleasement through waterscape in the course of human meditation. In this way. We can conclude the traditional waterscape faithful to environmental conditions and adjust to nature has turn to waterscape concept of non-distinction between the Western and the Eastern, because living and urban environment have changed rapidly sad put emphasis on the intuitional and positive technics and centricty of public sense with artificial waterfall, fountain, and so on. Therefore, from now on we should achieve the waterscape of the medium space which harmonizes fundamental concept of tradition waterscape with modern architectural style.