중원 온천지역의 관광환경자원의 과학적 평가:수안보 온천수 성분에 관한 연구

허 억,조일환,전태성,박동기 건국대학교 자연과학연구소 1998 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this study was comparing the Suanbo spring area in Jungwoon region with other spa area by the constituent parts of thermal water. Following results are based on the object. The Suanbo spring thermal water was 3rd hottest water in the whole country followed by Pukok(79℃) and Tongrae(61℃). It was a mild alkalinity (pH 8.0) . Sulfur(??;22.5ppm) was ranked middle and fluorine(F; 7.50ppm) was ranked high. Since arsenide(As) and radon(Rn) contains high effectiveness on a skin disease, the Suanbo spring contained these elements with the highest rate among any other springs. Generally, harmful substances like heavy metal(Cu and Pb) wasn't included or even if with very little in the Suanbo thermal water. However, like famous other places, it also contained silicon(SiO₂;72.8ppm) and cadmium(Cd; 13㎍/l) very much, so that drinking was not good idea. The Sunanbo spring was a hot mild alkalinity spa and, substantially, one of the 6 major radon (Rn) spa among Onyang. Toksan, Paegam, Tongrae, and Haeundae, suggesting the effectiveness of healing on a rheumatism, leukemia, and skin disease. The Suanbo spring included a large quantity of as like as Yusung, Togo, Toksan, and Ichon spring. But the Suanbo spring also contained a silicon and a cadmium, so that drinking should be avoided. Fluorine was one of elements contained in the Suanbo spring, suggesting to have the protective function against a carious tooth. And it had a bicarbonate (HCO₃­; 142.9 ppm) for a gastroenteric disorder. Once again, drinking should be avoided because of the harmful heavy metal substances.

임신과 동반된 대장암 1예

김 억,김용태,조진아,구자란,허 윤,서동원,황일순,박기호,김은주 大韓消化器病學會 1996 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

중원 온천지역의 온천폐수로 인한 수질영향평가:수안보온천 폐수가 유입되는 달천강의 수질 현황

허 억,조일환,전태성,박동기 건국대학교 자연과학연구소 1998 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this research was to know the state of water quality in Dal-Chun river receiving the Suanbo spring waste water. Following results are based on this object. The water quality Dal-Chun river receiving a living and thermal waste water from Suanbo was analyzed. The date were as follows: water temperature (3~25℃; yearly mean 14℃), pH(7.3~8.4; yearly mean pH7.9), dissolved oxygen (DO; 8.1~11.4 ㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 9.4 ㎎/ℓ), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD; 0.8~2.8㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 1.4 ㎎/ℓ), chemical oxygen demand (COD; 2.4~4.3 ㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 3.1 ㎎/ℓ), suspended solid (SS; 2.0~11.0 ㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 5.5㎎/ℓ). total phosphorus (T-P; 0.029~0.118㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 0.067 ㎎/ℓ), total nitrogen (T-N; 1.152~5.760 ㎎/ℓ; yearly mean 3.657 ㎎/ℓ), heavy metals (trace or non detectable), and colon bacillus(2-30,000MPN/100㎖; yearly mean 3,000MPN/100㎖). These data indicate that water quality of Dal-Chun river receiving a waste water from the Suanbo looks presently no problems for the supply water. But total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the upstream of Dal-Chun river were very high. Also for dry season, colon bacillus were existed too much(30,000MPN/100㎖). These abnormal levels of the latter is asking that other studies will be carried out soon. Fortunately, a waste water disposal levels in Sangmo should be built by 1998. Then water quality level of the Dal-Chun river will improved much better than now.

U-City 개발방안과 창의적 환경 구축에 관한 연구

김 억,손영석 한국공간디자인학회 2008 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.3 No.3

해외사례를 통해서도 유례를 찾아볼 수 없는 U-City건설이 국가 전략으로 성장 동력산업의 일부분으로 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 U-City 건설의 개발모델을 제시하기위해 첫 번째 해외의 첨단 신도시와 국내사례가 어떠한 관점에서 계획되고 발전되는지를 사례분석을 통해 알아보고 둘째는 U-City의 개념과 개발목표, 개발전략과 구축기준을 제시하여 U-City 구현의 방향성을 정립하는데 도움이 되는데 있다. 셋째는 U-City의 개발 방안을 제시하고 도시에 적용하며 창의적 환경 구축방법을 제시 하고자 한다. The importance of the U-city, which has never been conceived nor conducted anywhere in the world, has been on the rise as part of the national strategic power industry. This project aims to: 1) present some developmental models of the U-city by analyzing examples of both domestic and international cutting-edge new towns in terms of the perspectives from which they are planned and developed; 2) help establish the direction of the U-city development through the suggestion of the concept, development objectives and strategy and constructional criteria of the U-city; 3) present the developmental methodology, apply it to the cities and recommend a creative methods of its construction. The frame of analysis consists of three stages: concept model, embodiment model, and implementation model. The procedure of this project tries to come up with a cyclical system in the presentation of three-stage-developmental model of the U-city by virtue of the developmental model of the European Committee: 1) giving a three-stage developmental model; 2) raise problems and seek solutions concerning domestic and international cases studies;3) adjust the details and procedure of the three-stage-developmental model.

구성주의 방식에 의한 통합설계 학습에 관한 연구

김재국,김 억 홍익대학교환경개발연구원 1998 환경개발연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 구성주의 방식에 의한 통합설계방법을 학습하는 것이다. 본 연구를 위해 대학원생을 대상으로 Curtain wall의 요소와 과정에 대한 통합설계정보와 자료구조를 학습하고, 통합설계환경과 방법을 개발하였다. Curtain wall의 설계정보를 응용하는 방법을 문제파악과 해결의 관점으로 이해하고 문제구성의 Context를 제공한 후 학습자 스스로 문제해결 방안을 모색하였다. This study aims at learning of an integrated design based on Constructivism methods. For this study graduate students participated in a class for an integrated curtain wall design. Components of curtain wall are examined and data structure of realted information are studied in order to develop an integrated design system environment for curtain wall. Problem finding and solving approach is used so that students understand provided context first and go on to find a method for problem solving in developing and integrated design system of curtain wall.

노인의 접근성 요소 분석에 관한 연구 : 지하철역 주변 환경 및 시설을 중심으로

이도희,김 억 한국공간디자인학회 2008 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.3 No.2

생애주기에서 노년기가 크게 확대되었다. 인생에서 대폭 확대된 이 시기에 적절한 의미를 부여하기 위한 개인적, 사회적 고심이 남다르다. 노인에 대한 연구가 다각적 측면에서 활발하게 진행되고 있으나 건축 및 디자인 분야에서 접근하는 노인 관련 연구는 신체적 ?생리적 노화 관점에서의 노인 주거 및 실버타운을 중심으로 쾌적한 환경, 안전성 등에 초점을 맞추어 진행되고 있으며 노인의 접근성 측면에서의 관점이 부족한 것이 현실이다. 본 연구는 도시에서 지하철 역주변의 주요 환경?시설 등의 지리적? 문화적 여건이 노인의 접근성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 실증적 연구로, 연구의 목적은, 도시공간에서 노인의 이동 현황 데이터에 의한 회귀분석을 통해 도시에서 노인의 접근을 유발하는 공간객체를 도출하고 노인을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통해 접근 목적 및 의도에 의한 접근성 요소를 도출하고자하는 것이다. The senior period have been lengthened in the life cycle. There are lots of the efforts in personal and social considerations to give an appropriate meaning in this period. Researches of the senior age have been proceeded in the various points of view. many researches in architecture and design field approach focused on the pleasant environment or safety in the senior housings or silver towns in the viewpoint of physicalㆍphysiological aging. This research is an actual proof how to the geographicalㆍcultural conditions of environments and facilities around subway stations in the city affect seniors accessibility. The purpose of this research are to derive the space objects which inducing access in the city by seniors activity present condition data through the regression analysis, and the accessibility elements by a purpose and an intent through the questions to seniors.

지방세법상 행정구제제도의 개선방안

朴政佑,任栽億 한국공법학회 2005 公法硏究 Vol.33 No.3

This study set out to investigate the problems with the current administrative remedies for local tax and to suggest some improvement measures that could be resolved reasonably from the point of the taxation offices and taxpayers. Chapter 2 considered the general facts of administrative remedies for local tax and the current practice along with the background of the procedures of administrative remedies being transformed from necessary ones to voluntary ones. Chapter 3 presented the characteristics, kinds, contents, and procedures of America, Japan, and other nations for their administrative remedies for local tax. In Chapter 4, the overall focus was placed on the problems with the current administrative remedies for local tax. It was the ruling of the Constitutional Court that declared the conventional necessary procedures of administrative remedies for local tax should be unconstitutional. After reviewing the ruling for the problems caused, statistical data were tested to see there was lacking filtering effect among administrative remedies. And it was pointed out that the Board of Audit and Inspection needed to increase the expertise on the appeal for review and deal with the interpretative matters of the concerning regulations. Chapter 5 provided the improvement measures for the problems mentioned in the previous chapter. The remedies for local tax should take the necessary procedures back with the old problems fixed. Instead of the appeal for review to be abolished, a court for local tax should be established to carry out the necessary procedures under the supervision of the prime minister. In addition, the nation-sponsored tax representatives and office of asset evaluation were suggested.

Cytotoxicity and physical properties of tricalcium silicate-based endodontic materials

장영은,이빈나,고정태,박영준,주남억,장훈상,황인남,오원만,황윤찬 대한치과보존학회 2014 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.39 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, setting time and compressive strength of MTA and two novel tricalcium silicate-based endodontic materials, Bioaggregate (BA) and Biodentine (BD). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity was evaluated by using a 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5- ((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assay. Measurements of 9 heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) were performed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of leachates obtained by soaking the materials in distilled water. Setting time and compressive strength tests were performed following ISO requirements. Results: BA had comparable cell viability to MTA, whereas the cell viability of BD was significantly lower than that of MTA. The ICP-MS analysis revealed that BD released significantly higher amount of 5 heavy metals (arsenic, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) than MTA and BA. The setting time of BD was significantly shorter than that of MTA and BA, and the compressive strength of BA was significantly lower than that of MTA and BD. Conclusions: BA and BD were biocompatible, and they did not show any cytotoxic effects on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. BA showed comparable cytotoxicity to MTA but inferior physical properties. BD had somewhat higher cytotoxicity but superior physical properties than MTA.