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4 cm 이하의 단일결절 간세포암종에서 고주파열치료와 경동맥화학색전술의 효과 비교
양민재 ( Min Jae Yang ),안소연 ( So Yun An ),문은준 ( Eun Joon Moon ),이민석 ( Min Suk Lee ),황주안 ( Joo An Hwang ),정재연 ( Jae Youn Cheong ),원제환 ( Je Hwan Won ),김재근 ( Jai Keun Kim ),왕희정 ( Hee Jung Wang ),조성원 ( Sung 대한간학회 2009 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.15 No.4
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Radiofrequency ablation, Chemoembolization, Therapeutic, 간세포암종, 고주파열치료, 경동맥화학 색전술 Background/Aims: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an established curative therapeutic modality for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used as a palliative treatment for inoperable HCC. It is still unknown whether RFA and TACE are equally effective for improving the survival of patients with unresectable HCC that is amenable to either treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical impacts of two treatments, and analyze the prognostic factors for recurrence and survival. Methods: Ninety-three patients with a single HCC smaller than 4 cm who showed complete responses (complete ablation or complete lipiodol tagging) after treatment with RFA (n=43) or TACE (n=50) between January 2002 and February 2009 were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for 13 potential prognostic factors using the Cox proportional-hazards model. Results: The time-to-recurrence rates at 1, 2, and 3 years after treatment were 32.9%, 44.3%, and 55.4%, respectively, for the RFA group, and 42%, 68.3%, 71.7% for the TACE group. The probability of survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 97.7%, 77.4%, and 63.1%, respectively, for the RFA group, and 95.9%, 76.1%, and 60.2% for the TACE group. The time-to-recurrence and overall survival rates did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups. A multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model revealed that a tumor size larger than 3 cm and lower serum albumin levels were independent risk factors for recurrence, and that being male, being seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen, and having a higher serum albumin level were independent favorable prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: TACE and RFA exhibited similar therapeutic effects in terms of recurrence and survival for patients with a single HCC smaller than 4 cm, if they could exhibited complete responses. (Korean J Hepatol 2009;15:474-485)
골프코스에 대한 지각된 서비스품질이 골프장이미지에 미치는 영향
오민재(Min Jae Oh),양승원(Seung Won Yang),양승용(Seung Yong Yang) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.41
The objective of this study is to measure how much effect the service quality of a golf course has on the image of the course. To accomplish this objective, 400 customers of golf course`s were collected for sample group, and 374 materials were used for final analysis. The conclusion from the material analysis by using frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression is as follows : First, physical qualities consist of five factors that is scenery, degree of difficulty, shape of course, course`s condition and ambiance. Process qualities consist of six factors that is club house, tee off, booking, driving range, caddie and cart. And golf course image was classified into marketing, convenience, accessibility and aesthetic. Second, the findings of the multiple regression to analyze the effect of service quality(physical and process quality) on golf course`s `marketing` images showed that related to scenery, degree of difficulty, course` s condition, ambiance, driving range and caddie. Ten service qualities(scenery, degree of difficulty, course`s condition, ambiance, club house, tee off, booking, driving range, caddie and cart) of eleven factors had a significant effect on golf course`s `convenience` image. Also, ten service qualities(scenery, degree of difficulty, shape of course, course`s condition, ambiance, club house, tee off, booking, caddie and cart) of eleven factors had a significant effect on golf course`s `accessibility` image. And `aesthetic` images related to scenery, degree of difficulty, course`s condition, ambiance, club house, tee off, booking and driving range.