Interleukin-1beta가 전립선암세포 PC-3 및 DU-145의 증식력과 Interleukin-6 및 Interleukin-6 수용체 mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향

명순철,안승용,오승영,원은하,박언섭,김경도 대한비뇨의학회 2004 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.45 No.8

Purpose: IL-1 is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine. As the proliferative effects of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor expressions on prostatic cancer cells in response to IL-1 have not been determined, the effects of IL-1 on prostatic cancer cell lines were investigated. Materials and Methods: PC-3 and DU-145 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Cell cultures were supplemented with various concentrations of IL-1(0, 1, 10, 20 and 40ng/ ml), and the MMT growth assay performed. PC-3 and DU-145 cells were treated for 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h both with and without IL-1. IL-6 and IL-6 receptor(IL-6R) mRNA expressions were investigated using RT-PCR, and the IL-6 levels in cultured supernatant measured by ELISA. Results: The viability of both PC-3 and DU-145 cells decreased after IL-1 treatment(10, 20 and 40ng/ml). With 40ng/ml the IL-1, IL-6 and IL-6RmRNA expressions were lower in PC-3 cells, but unchanged in DU-145 cells, whereas the IL-6 protein production was higher in both PC-3 and DU-145 cells. Conclusions: IL-1 inhibited the proliferation of both PC-3 and DU145 cells. In the PC-3 cells, IL-1 decreased the expressions of IL-6 and IL-6R mRNA, but paradoxically increased the IL-6 production. In the DU-145 cells, IL-1 treatment did not affect the IL-6 or IL-6R mRNA expressions, but the IL-6 production was increased. This discrepancy between IL-1-induced IL-6 mRNA and protein production may be mediated by modification to the protein synthesis or an increased cellular excretion. (Korean J Urol 2004; 45:810-816)

Unfractionated Heparin 투여 환자의 Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)에 영향을 미치는 요인 평가

우지윤,안혜림,박은하,한옥연,나현오 한국병원약사회 2015 병원약사회지 Vol.32 No.2

Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is an anticoagulant, widely used for more than 50 years. In order to induce a target effect, a weight-adjusted dosing regimen is used due to the large deviation of responses among the patients. Even with an accurate heparin dose based on one’s weight, but depending on the patient, many cases cannot maintain aPTT within the target range. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze correlations between the aPTT measured 12 hours after the administration, and clinicopathologic factors of the patients, in order to understand which factors affect the results of aPTT. First, medical records of 87 cardiovascular patients, who were hospitalized in a cardiac intensive care unit from September 2012 to August 2013 receiving UFH at the rate of 12 IU/kg/hr (±10%), were reviewed and analyzed. They were checked to see whether there were differences of aPTT results 12 hours after the administration based on the various clinicopathologic factors of the patient, such as gender, age, weight, diabetes mellitus, and smoking history. A correlation between aPTT results and any bleeding (a heparin-related adverse reaction) was also studied. The mean aPTT measured 12 hours after the start of administration was 50.22 sec (± 21.32). The mean aPTT was lower in male patients (p= 0.0048) less than 65 years old (p= 0.0002) weighed 70 kg or more (p= 0.0063) and had a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 50 ml/min or more (p= 0.0001), when compared to other groups. They also had a higher ratio of the patients who did not meet the target aPTT. Patients with a malignant tumor (p= 0.0050) or pulmonary embolism (p= 0.0206) had a higher mean aPTT, and a higher patient ratio exceeding the target aPTT. Among them, a malignant tumor's significant effect was confirmed with a multiple regression analysis. Malignant tumor patients showed an increase of aPTT by about 25% (p= 0.0122). Heparin-related bleeding occurred in 23 patients (26.44%), and although incidence of bleeding was higher in the patients who exceeded the target range of aPTT, its significance was a marginal value (p= 0.0575). It can be concluded that a malignant tumor is a potential factor to increase aPTT levels, but gender, age, body weight, renal function, or pulmonary embolism may be the affecting factors. If we can reveal the accurate affecting factors through additional studies with a large number of patients, we can safely and effectively pursue the heparin dose-adjustment method.

젖산나트륨과 젖산칼륨의 첨가가 냉동저장 중 저지방 소시지의 품질특성 및 저장성에 미치는 영향

진구복,안은하,Chin Koo Bok,Ahn Eun Ha 한국축산식품학회 2005 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.25 No.1

본 실험은 저지방 소시지인 대조구와 젖산나트륨 및 젖산칼륨의 첨가 수준에 따라 처리구를 대조구(CTL, Low-fat sausages control), TRT1(Sodium lactate, SL 3.3%), TRT2(SL 2.2% + Potassium lactate, PL 1.1%), TRT3(SL 1.1% + PL 2.2%), TRT4(PL 3.3%)로 나누어 제조하여 냉장저장기간 동안 품질 및 저장성을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 저지방 소시지의 일반성분에서 수분은 73.9∼75.4%, 지방 l∼2%, 단백질은 15.5∼15.9%이였고, pH는 5.8∼6.5범위였으며 젖산나트륨이나 젖산칼륨의 첨가에 따른 냉장 저장 중의 뚜렷한 변화는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 냉장 저장 중 유리수분은 전체적으로 22.9∼33.0%범위였으며 저장기간이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 그러나 진공감량은 2.7∼5.3 범위였고 냉장 저장 중에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 색도는 젖산나트륨이나 젖산칼륨의 첨가에 따른 냉장저장 중의 차이가 거의 나타나지 않음으로써 소시지의 색도에 거의 영향을 끼치지 않는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 조직감의 경우, 대조구는 모든 항목에서, TRT1은 부서짐성과 경도에서, TRT3은 응집력에서 저장기간이 경과할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 하지만 젖산나트륨과 젖산칼륨의 첨가는 조직감에 뚜렷한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 미생물의 변화의 경우 저장 4주후부터 10주까지 대조구보다 처리구가 크게 낮아져 유의차가 있었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합하면 저지방 소시지에 젖산나트륨 및 젖산칼륨의 첨가는 Listeria monocytogenes에 대하여 저장 중에 품질에 영향을 주지 않으며 우수한 항균효과를 가지고 있었다. This study was performed to investigate physicochemical and textural characteristics, and antimicrobial effect for Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in low-fat functional sausages (LFFS) containing sodium lactate (SL) and potassium lactate (PL) during storage at 4℃ for 10 weeks. The LFFS treatments included CTL (Low-fat sausage control), TRT1 (SL 3.3%), TRT2 (SL 2.2% + PL 1.1%), TRT3 (SL 1.1% + PL 2.2%), TRT4 (PL 3.3%). Proximate composition for LFFS were 73.9∼75.2% moisture, 1∼2% fat and 15.5∼15.9% protein, and pH values ranged from 5.8 to 6.5. Expressible moisture (EM, %) and vacuum purge (VP, %) ranged from 22.9 to 33.0 and from 2.7 to 5.3, respectively. EM of CTL, TRT1 and TRT2 increased with increased storage time, however, no differences in VP were observed during storage time. Hunter color values (L, a, b) were not affected by the addition of SL and PL, and storage time (p>0.05). Most textural properties of LFFS were not affected by the addition of SL and PL, except for few cases, but those of CTL tended to increase with increased storage time. The addition of SL and PL into LFFS, alone or in combination, inhibited the microbial growth of inoculated LM during refrigerated storage, resulting in longer shelf-life than the control.

아산(牙山) 갈매리(葛梅里)(3지역(地域)) 유적(遺蹟) -도판(圖版)-

이홍종,김무종,서현주,조은하,박성희,조진형,이우석,장전신시,박상윤,안형기 한국고고환경연구소(구-매장문화재연구소) 2007 매장문화재연구소연구총서 Vol.26 No.2

아산(牙山) 갈매리(葛梅里)(3지역(地域)) 유적(遺蹟) -본문(本文)-

이홍종,김무종,서현주,조은하,박성희,조진형,이우석,장전신시,박상윤,안형기 한국고고환경연구소(구-매장문화재연구소) 2007 매장문화재연구소연구총서 Vol.26 No.1

확인실험수업과 발견실험수업에서의 교사 발문 유형 분석

김오범 ( O Beom Kim ),안은하 ( Un Ha An ),김은애 ( Eun Ae Kim ),고민석 ( Min Seok Ko ),양일호 ( Il Ho Yang ) 한국과학교육학회 2013 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.33 No.7

이 연구는 확인실험수업과 발견실험수업에서 교사발문 유형을 분석하여 두 수업유형별 교사 발문이 어떠한 차이가 있는지 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 확인실험수업과 발견실험수업에서 교사들이 사용하고 있는 발문 유형의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 두 실험수업유형 모두에서 폐쇄적 발문의 사용이 많았다. 이는 교사들이 두 실험수업 유형의 특징을 고려하지 않은 채, 단지 개념습득에 핵심적인 주안점을 두고 실험수업을 진행하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 실제 확인실험수업과 발견실험수업에서 아동들의 과학적 사고를 증진시키는 기회를 적게 제공하고 있음을 나타내며 이를 보완할 수 있는 개방적 발문의 사용이 적어 아동들의 과학적 사고를 촉진시키고 있지 않음을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 교사들은 과학 실험을 위한 수업 전략 수립할 때, 실험수업유형별 특성에 적합하고 실험수업유형을 보완할 수 있는 발문 전략을 잘 계획해야 할 것이며, 이를 잘 활용한다면 과학실험수업 개선에 도움이 될 것이다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of teachers` questioning between verification laboratory instruction and discovery laboratory instruction. Results were that there was no difference in questioning types in verification laboratory instruction and discovery laboratory instruction. Most teachers in two types of laboratory instruction used closed questionings more than open-ended questioning. This shows that teachers` laboratory instruction processes are focusing on “get the content” rather than consideration of the characteristics of laboratory instruction types. Such results show that the teachers in verification laboratory instruction and discovery laboratory instruction provide little opportunity for children to improve in scientific thinking. Therefore, teachers should make good plans with a questioning strategy that can be adapted to the types and characteristic of laboratory instruction. If teacher`s questioning is practiced well in the science class, it can improve students` scientific thinking and science laboratory instruction.

서울 시내 공립 초등학교와 영어 학원의 영어 교육 실태

김경민,김명회,김아람,김영미,박유영,박은하,안이숙,윤미경,이은진,민자경 연세대학교 생활과학대학 1997 생활과학 Vol.- No.30