벼 품종 및 지역에 따른 도열병균 레이스 분리와 도열병 발병정도와의 관계

심홍식,예완해,유병주,명인식,홍성기,이승돈 한국식물병리학회 2012 식물병연구 Vol.18 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the association of race distribution of Pyricularia oryzae with rice cultivar and location. Races present in a given location were different in cultivars, and the races from a given cultivars were different by location. For precise study of race distribution, it needs to identify isolates by considering cultivation ratio and collection area. There are great differences between the resistant degree in the upland blast nursery and on the resistant degree of the leaf blast and panical blast in the paddy field. The number of virulent races in a rice cultivar was not related with the resistant degree in blast nursery or in paddy field.

벼 이삭마름병에 관여하는 진균의 검출

심홍식,홍성기,예완해,성재모,홍성준,김용기 한국식물병리학회 2005 식물병연구 Vol.11 No.2

In order to detect casual agents associated with ear blight of rice, seed samples of ‘Ilmi-byeo’ and ‘Daesanbyeo’, susceptible cultivars were collected from 28 regions on a nationwide scale. Finally 23 fungi including Bipolaris oryzae (10.3%), Alternaria alternata (10.2%), Cladosporium sp. (7.5%), Nigrospora oryzae (5.2%) and Phoma sorghina (6.3%) from seeds of ‘Ilmi-byeo’, and 13 fungi including N. oryzae (15.1%), A. alternata(9.6%) and Curvularia lunata (2.2%) from seeds of ‘Daesan-byeo’ were detected. In case of discolored seeds caused by rice ear blight, B. oryzae (15.5%), A. alternata (5.5%), Fusarium graminearum (8.0%), N. oryzae (5.2%) and P. sorghina (4.5%) were detected even from the hulled rice of Ilmi-byeo. 벼 이삭마름병에 관여하는 진균의 종류로 일미벼에서는 Alternaria alternata(10.2%), A. padwickii(5.2%), Bipolaris oryzae(10.3%), Nigrospora oryzae(5.2%), Phoma sorghina (6.3%) 등이 우점 하였으며, 총 23종의 진균이 검출되었다. 대산벼에서는 A. alternata(9.6%), Cladosporium sp.(7.5%), Curvularia lunata(2.2%), N. oryzae(15.1%) 등이 우점 하였으며, 총 13종의 진균이 검출되었다. 또한 이삭 마름병으로 벼알이 심하게 오염된 경우에는 일미벼 현미에서도 B. oryzae(15.5%), A. alternata(5.5%), Fusarium graminearum(8.0%), N. oryzae(5.2%), P. sorghina(4.5%)등이 높은 비율로 감염되어 있었다.

방제포커스(1) - 고품질 쌀 생산 위한 벼 후기 병해 방제

심홍식,Sim, Hong-Sik 한국작물보호협회 2012 자연과 농업 Vol.280 No.-

후기에 발생하는 벼 병해는 기상상황과 관련지어 발생이 어떻게 변화할 것인가를 예측하는 것이 매우 어렵다. 7월 중하순의 집중호우, 8월의 게릴라성 호우와 고온, 9월의 고온지속 등과 같은 이상기상 현상은 출수기에 이삭도열병, 세균벼알마름병 등을 매우 심하게 발생시킬 수 있다. 따라서 정확한 병 발생 예찰에 따라 언제 어떻게 방제를 하고 관리할 것인가는 매우 중요하다.

Damage Analysis of Rice Panicle Blast on Disease Occurrence Time and Severity

심홍식,한성숙,예완해,성재모,Sung-Jun Hong 한국식물병리학회 2005 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.21 No.2

The structural differences between healthy and diseasedpanicle necks caused by Pyricularia oryzae were observed using electron-microscope. In the diseased panicle neck, the infection hyphae of the rice blast pathogen grew through the sclerenchymatous fiber tissue and reached to the central internal lacuna. Since the pathogen grew through the sclerenchymatous fiber tissues, the vascular bundle composed with xylem and phloem had been destroyed and finally the nutrients from the leaf and stem were not able to be transported into the grains. Infection of panicle base by the blast pathogen until 20 days after heading caused more than 50% of yield loss in both Jinmibyeo and Chucheongbyeo.There was a positive correlation between incidence of the panicle blast and rice yield losses. The regression equations between incidence of the panicle blast and yield losses were y =3.61+496.7 (R2 =in Jinmibyeoand y =3.93+520.2 (R2 =in Juanbyeo. The panicleblast caused deterioration of grain quality. Healthy grain rate was reduced by increase of panicle blast infection.

기후변화에 따른 돌발 병해충 발생현황과 피해

심홍식,명인식,홍성기,이영기,이상계,이관석,박홍현,최홍수,고현관 한국농약과학회 2012 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

벼 이삭도열병의 발병시기에 따른 수랭감소 비교

심홍식,한성숙,성재모,김용기 한국식물병리학회 2003 식물병연구 Vol.9 No.2

Correlation between rice yield loss and infection time of neck blast after panicle emergence was analyzed in paddy fields at Icheon in 1999 and 2000. As the neck blast occurred at early heading stage, the yield loss of a early maturity variety, Jinmibyeo, ranged from 83.9% to 81.6%, while it ranged from 44.3% to 33.1% when the disease developed 30 days after heading. The regression equations of yield loss(y) caused by the neck blast infection time(x) in Jinmibyeo were y = -1.2717x + 79.523(R2 = 0.9487) and y = -1.6872x + 74.545(R2= 0.7993) in 1999 and 2000. In a mid-lately maturity variety, Chucheongbyeo, yield loss ranged from 64.9% to 47.8% when the disease developed at early heading stage. While it ranged from 29.1% to 8.9% when the disease occurred 40 days after heading. The regression equations of yield loss caused by the disease in Chucheongbyeo were y = -1.2717x + 79.523(R2 = 0.9487) and y = -1.6872x + 74.545(R2 = 0.7993) in 1999 and 2000. Weights of 1,000 rice grains of Jinmibyeo and Chucheongbyeo were also drastically decreased to 38.3% and 57.3%, respectively, compared to healthy control when the disease occurred at early heading stage. However, weights of the two cultivars were 87.6% and 92.9% compared to control when the disease developed after 40 days of heading. Results indicated that there is a highly negative correlation between rice yield loss and infection time of the neck blast.

이삭도열병 발병정도가 벼 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향

심홍식,성재모,한성숙,김용기,홍성준 한국식물병리학회 2003 식물병연구 Vol.9 No.4

Correlation between the rice panicle blast and the rice quality and yield was evaluated in field experiments. Results showed that there were high positive correlations between the disease incidence and the rice yield and quality. The correlation coefficients between the disease incidence and the yield of Jinmibyeo, an early maturing cultivar and Juanbyeo, an middle maturing cultivar were R2=0.6518 and R2=0.7977, respectively. As the disease incidence increased weight of 1,000 grains of the two cultivars decreased showing coefficients R2=0.6848 and R2=0.7841, respectively. Percentage of matured grains in healthy plots were 95 and 98%, however, as the disease incidence increased percentage of matured rice grains decreased showing R2=0.4745 in Jinmibyeo and R2=0.703 in Juanbyeo. As the disease increased, rate of the damaged rice also increased, showing R2=0.6607 in Jinmibyeo and R2=0.6706 in Juanbyeo, respectively.

지역 및 품종에 따른 벼 이삭누룩병 발생과 약제방제 효과

심홍식,류재당,한성숙 한국식물병리학회 2001 식물병연구 Vol.7 No.2

2000년에 전국적으로 이삭누룩병이 발생한 포장의 비율은 7.5%이었으며, 지역별로는 충북이 13.7%로 가장 높았고 전남이 1.5%로 가장 낮았다. 벼 품종별로는 남천벼가 가장 감수성이었고 흑진주벼는 1999년과 2000년에 전혀 발생이 되지 않아 가장 저항성인 것으로 조사되었다. 이삭누룩병 약제방제 선발 시험결과 터부코나졸 수화제의 방제가는 83.0% 이상으로 가장 우수하였고, 훼림존 성분이 함유된 두 약제도 방제가가 60.9%∼75.9%로 나타났다. 남원 지역의 포장에서 이삭누룩병 발생이 높은 원인은 일조부족 및 강우량이 많아 발병이 조장된 것으로 분석되었다. Currently the rice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah. has occurred widely in Korea. A survey on the disease incidence at rice fields in 8 inland provinces was carried out in 2000, showing that the disease occurred at 104 (7.5%) out of 1,152 rice fields examined, ranging from 1.5% to 13.7% in provincial average. It was found that the disease incidence was greatly affected by local weather conditions and rice cultivars. In case of the most susceptible cultivar Namchunbyeo, the disease incidence was only about 1.3% in Icheon, while it was over 20% in Namwon which had weather conditions of the shorter sunshine period (about 64%) and the higher amount of precipitation (about 130%) during the rice cultivation than Icheon. In Icheon, artificial inoculation of the pathogen failed to induce the disease, probably because of the weather conditions unfavorable to the disease development, which also suggests that its incidence may be dependent on the weather conditions. Susceptibility of rice cultivars to the disease varied greatly; eight resistant cultivars including Heukjinjubyeo were not damaged by the disease, but 2 cultivars including Geumnambyeo and Namchunbyeo were severely damaged, having more than 20% of the disease incidence. Among chemicals tested fur the control of the rice false smut tebuconazole WP showed the highest control efficacy of 83∼88% on cvs. Geumnambyeo and Namchunbyeo. Other chemicals such as azoxystrobin WP and ferimzone WP also effectively suppressed the disease development in the field trials.

콩 점무늬병(Cercospora sojina Hara) 피해해석에 의한 경제적 방제수준 설정

심홍식,이종형,이용환,명인식,최효원 한국식물병리학회 2013 식물병연구 Vol.19 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate yield loss due to soybean leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara and to determine the economic threshold level. The investigations revealed highly significant correlations between disease severity (diseased leaf area) and yield components (pod number per plant, total grain number per plant, total grain weight per plant, percent of ripened grain, weight of hundred seed, and yield). The correlation coefficients between leaf spot severity and each component were −0.90, −0.90, −0.92,−0.99, −0.90 and −0.94, respectively. The yield was inversely proportional to the diseased leaf area increased. The regression equation, yield prediction model, between disease severity (x) and yield (y) was obtained as y = −3.7213x + 354.99 (R2 = 0.9047). Based on the yield prediction model, economic injury level and economic threshold level could be set as 3.3% and 2.6% of diseased leaf area of soybean. 콩 점무늬병이 수량에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 경제적방제수준을 설정하고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 점무늬병발병정도와 주당 협수, 주당 총립수, 주당 총립중, 등숙률, 100립중 및 수량과의 상관계수는 각각 −0.90, −0.90,−0.92, −0.99, −0.90, −0.94로 통계적으로 고도의 유의성을 나타내었다. 콩 점무늬병의 병반면적률이 증가됨에 따라 수량은 반비례하여 감소하였는데, 콩 점무늬병 발병정도(x)에 따른 수량(y) 예측모델을 산출한 결과, 회귀식은y = −3.7213x + 354.99(R2= 0.9047)로 고도의 부의 상관이있었다. 이 회귀식을 토대로 경제적 피해허용수준은 병반면적률 3.3%, 경제적 방제수준(ET)은 병반면적율 2.6%로설정할 수 있었다.

작물별 주요 병해 - 벼

심홍식,Sim, Hong-Sik 한국작물보호협회 2009 자연과 농업 Vol.251 No.-

쌀의 영양성분은 단백질(7%), 지방질(1%), 당질(80%), 조섬유(0.4%), 회분(0.5%)으로 되어 있으며, 인체 내에서 당질은 열량 공급원으로, 조섬유는 식이섬유 공급원의 역할을 한다. 그리고 무기질로는 인, 칼륨, 칼슘, 마그네슘, 나트륨, 철분 등이 포함되어 있다. 벼에는 약 38종의 병해가 발생하는데 생육시기, 재배장소, 기후 등 환경이나 품종에 따라 달리 나타나며 벼 생육중기 이후에 발생하는 주요 병해는 다음과 같다.