The Opportunities and Challenges of Peer Feedback in L2 Writing Instruction

Shim, Eun-Sook(심은숙) 강원대학교 인문과학연구소 2015 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.44

최근 들어 영어쓰기 지도에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 작문 수업에서 동료수정의 장점이 중요한 주제로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 대학 영어 작문 수업을 듣는 학생들을 대상으로 동료수정에 대한 인식과 동료수정 유형 및 특징을 알아보고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 55명의 대학생을 대상으로 설문지 자료 수집을 하였고 학생들의 초안, 동료수정 활동지, 그리고 수정안을 수집하였다. 연구결과는 참여 학생들의 동료수정에 대한 긍정적인 인식을 발견할 수 있었다. 그러나 학생들의 초안과 수정안을 비교분석한 결과 대부분의 수정이 문법 및 어휘 등 표면적인 수정이 대부분이었으며 내용 및 구조적인 측면에서 수정은 크게 이루어지지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 수업시간에 동료수정 활동이 체계적으로 이루어지지 않았다는 것과 유의미한 수정 내용이 부족했던 것으로 설명될 수 있다. 따라서 효율적인 동료수정을 위해서는 교사의 체계적인 계획이 우선시 되어져야 하며 동료수정 전략에 대한 교육이 우선시 되어야 할 것이다. Peer feedback has been an important pedagogical activity in second language (L2) writing classrooms. This study is to examine L2 writers’ perceptions of the effectiveness in peer feedback activities and revision changes made by the writers in English writing classrooms. For this study, fifty-five college students participated. A questionnaire was used to examine the students’ perceptions. Writing samples such as first drafts, peer feedback sheets, and revised drafts were collected to evaluate revisions changes. Results revealed that most students believed the peer feedback activity to be useful when revising drafts. The analysis of writing samples showed that surface-level (local) revision changes were made, which can be explained by several factors such as a lack of well-planed training sections, less effective comments by the peers and less-organized peer feedback activities by the instructor. This study suggests that the trained peer feedback can impact L2 writers’ revision changes and writing quality (Min, 2006). If being trained how to read peers’ work critically, the writers can evaluate their own writing critically and eventually become better writers. The well-planned peer feedback activities in L2 writing classrooms can have positive influences on L2 writers" writing development.

A Contrastive Analysis of the Rhetorical Moves of Applied Linguistics English Research Article Abstracts

Shim, Eun-Sook(심은숙) 강원대학교 인문과학연구소 2019 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.63

대조수사학 연구는 문화적, 수사학적 특징을 이해하기 위해 서로 다른 언어의 담화 구조를 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구는 장르분석이론을 기반으로 영어논문초록의 수사학적 구조를 분석하였다. 응용언어학 분야의 국내학술지(Korean Journal of Applied Linguistics) 영어논문초록 30편과 국제학술지(Applied Linguistics) 영어논문초록 30편을 Hyland(2004)의 분석표 기준으로 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 내용을 중심으로 분석하는 상향식접근법(content of the text)과 특정어휘중심으로 분석하는 하향식접근법(typical lexical and grammatical signals)을 사용하였다 (Pho, 2008). 장르분석 결과 영어논문초록은 Move-2-3-4(Purpose-Method-Result) 수사구조를 상당부분 포함하고 있었고, 연구의 중요성(Move-1)과 연구결과기여도(Move-5)의 수사구조 중요성이 높아지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 국내학술지 영어논문초록 경우에는 연구의 필요성과 영어교육현장에서 실제적인 교육학적 시사점이 강조된 반면, 국제학술지 영어논문초록 경우는 Swales의 CARS모형 (creating a research space)적용과 연구기여도(research contribution)를 강조하고 있다. 대조수사학기반 장르분석은 학문적 텍스트의 구조적, 수사학적 특징을 이해하고 학술목적(EAP) 논문쓰기교육을 위한 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The intercultural rhetoric studies inform us about cultural factors and linguistic preferences to negotiate through written texts. This study examined the rhetorical move structure of the research article abstracts published in applied linguistics journals from a comparative perspective. A total of 60 research article (RA) abstracts were selected from the international journal, Applied Linguistics, and English RA abstracts from the national journal, Korean Journal of Applied Linguistics. The identifications of moves were made on the basis of the content of the texts (a top-down approach) and also based on the particular linguistic signals (a bottom-up approach). The results showed that most RA abstracts included three obligatory moves: Situating the study, describing the methods, and summarizing the findings. The most distinctive features in two groups were the frequent use of the situating the study move and the discussing the study move in the field of applied linguistics. This study may contribute to understanding distinctive academic writing conventions preferred in the applied linguistics field and developing writing materials for English for academic purposes (EAP) writing courses.

퀴롤논 내성 Campylobacter jejuni의 분리와 향균제 감수성

김은철 ( Eun Chul Kim ),심은숙 ( Eun Sook Shim ),성치남 ( Chi Nam Seong ),김신무 ( Shin Moo Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 1999 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.31 No.2

Campνlobacter spp. are frequent cause of enteric infecton. Increased resistance of human isolates of Campνlobacter was considered in part due to widespread animal use of antimicrobial agents. In Korea, our knowledge on both human and animal carriage of Campνlobacter is veη limited. In this study, 260 stool specimens were taken from hea1thy subjects in Soonchun and Iksan city, and intestinal contents of 231 chickens during the period between August 1998 to July 1999. The Isolaton rate of Campνlobacter from hea1thy subjects was 1.9%, and the rate was higher in :::;; 10-year-old children. The isolation rate from healthy chicken was 66.3%, and the rate was highest in August (80%) and lowest in December (56.5%). All of the C. j밍Uni from chicken were susceptible to amikacin, c1indamycin and gentamicin. The resistance rates were 97% to tetracyc1ine, 82% to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and co-trimoxazloe, 65% to ampicillin. All of the C. jejuni isolates from human were resistant to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole, while the rates were 67% for both ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. For C. jejuni, antimicrobial agents with lower MICs were imipenem :::;;0.06 μg/ml , gentamicin 0.25 μg/ml , amikacin 0.5-4 μg/ ml and kanamycin 2-8 μg/ml. MIC ranges of ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid were 0.06-64 μg/ ml and 32-64 μg/ml , respectively. Susceptibilities to nalidixic acid and to ciprofloxacin were identical Ampici1lin and tetracyc1ine resistance rates were higher among nalidixic acid-resistant isolates than susceptible ones. In conclusion, human carriage rate of Campνlobacter is veη low, while the rate in chickens is veη hi맹. Fluoroquinolone resistance rate of C. jejuni is very high, but amikacin and gentamicin can be used empirically without susceptibility testing as resistance to these antibiotics seem to be rare.

Trends and Challenges for EFL Writing Teacher Education in Korea

이영주(Yi Young-Joo),심은숙(Shim Eun-Sook) 강원대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.29

최근 들어 영어교육분야에서 쓰기교육의 중요성에 대해서 다양한 논의와 연구가 진행되어 오고 있다. 영어를 외국어로서 학습하는 환경에서 쓰기 교육을 위한 교육과정개발 및 다양한 교수법 개발에 관한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 특히, 교육현장에서 영어쓰기교육을 담당하는 교사들의 전문성을 위한 방향제시의 필요성을 제기하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 예비교사교육을 담당하고 있는 대학교육에서의 쓰기교육관련 교육과정프로그램의 실태를 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, 국내 30개 대학의 교육과정을 선별하여 쓰기 관련한 교육과정을 중심으로 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 자료 분석 결과를 통해서 영어교사들의 쓰기교수법에 관한 교육보다는 일반적인 쓰기 능력 향상 중심의 교육과정프로그램으로 이루어져 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일반적인 쓰기 능력향상 중심의 교육도 중요하지만 교육현장에서 쓰기교육을 담당할 예비 교사들의 전문성 향상을 위한 교사양성프로그램의 개발이 매우 중요할 것이다. Writing is an important communicative modality in the English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Up to now, English language teacher (ELT) education programs in EFL contexts have not adequately addressed ways in which EFL teachers can conduct second language (L2) writing instruction. The authors examine to what extent and how ELT education programs address issues of L2 writing and L2 writing pedagogy by investigating curricula, course descriptions, and academic backgrounds of teacher educators in 30 selected ELT programs in Korea. Findings reveal that most ELT programs emphasize the development of pre-service teachers’ L2 writing competence but overlook their development of pedagogical content knowledge (i.e., L2 writing pedagogy). Given this trend and challenge, the authors suggest that teacher educators should assist EFL teachers to be empowered by both pedagogical content knowledge of L2 writing and adequate L2 writing competence; the educators also need to encourage pre-service teachers to reexamine the value of L2 writing and L2 writing instruction in EFL contexts.

PCR에 의한 vancomycin 내성 장구균의 유전자형 동정

김신무 ( Shin Moo Kim ),심은숙 ( Eun Sook Shim ),성치남 ( Chi Nam Seong ) 대한임상검사과학회 1998 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.30 No.3

VRE carriage rate of chicken was determined by culturing 179 samples of intestinal content of chickens collected in Iksan city during January to August 1998. Vancomycin 6 ug/ml-containg bile esculin azide agar (BEAA) was used for the isolation Species was identified by conventional biochemical tests. NCCLS agar dilution test was used to test glycopeptide resistance of the 16 VRE isolated from human and 52 from chickens. The genotype of vancomycin resistance isolates was determined by PCR The following results were obtained. 1. Mean carriage rate of VRE of chickens was 43 % with the highest monthly rate of 64.3% in February. 2. Prevalence of the species of the VRE from human were 4 isolates of E casselif/avus, 3 E faecium, 1 E gallirarom and 8 Enterococcus SW., and those from chickens were 12 E faerolis and 40 E faeciwn 3. The l\1IC of vancomycin and teicoplanin against human isolates were ≥512 and ≥64 Jlg Iml, for E faecium, and ≥512 ug/ml and ≥64 ug/ml for E gallinarum, respectively, and ≥4 ug/ml and <1 Jlg/ml for other species, except one E msselif/avus. The MIC of vancomycin and teicoplanin against chicken isolates were ≥512 ug/ml and ≥32 ug/ml for E Iaeaxis, and ≥256 ug/ml and 16 ug/ml for E faecium, respectively, 4. Genotypes of VRE detrmined by PCR showed that the isolates from human were either vanA, vanC-1 or vanC-V3 type, but all of the chicken isolates were vanA type. In conclusion the carriage rate of VRE in chickens are much higher than in human, probably due to the use of avopsrcin-containing feed, and suggesting possibility of spreading the strains to human.

Vibrio vulnificus의 생물형, 혈청형, Repetitive Sequence-Based PCR 양상 및 항균제 감수성 시험

김신무 ( Shin Moo Kim ),소향아 ( Hyang Ah So ),최수연 ( Su Youn Choi ),심은숙 ( Eun Sook Shim ),송계민 ( Kye Min Song ),성치남 ( Chi Nam Seong ) 대한임상검사과학회 2002 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.34 No.2

This study was performed to provide c1arity on the environmental distribution of Vibrio vulnificus oysters, biological characteristics, distribution of biotypes and serotypes, the detection of the cytolysin gene by PCR, repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates from oysters and patients in Korea. ν vulnificus was isolated from 67 (38.5%) of the 175 samples of oysters collected at a shoreline in the Kunsan city area in July and August, 2002. Oyster and patient isolates had similar biochemical characteristics, i.e., all were positive on an ONPG test, but not for sucrose. When comparing the identification of V. vulnificus obtained with the API 20E assay and serotyping, 87 API 20E profiles with both a separation test on the colony of TCBS agar and an ONPG test were obtained with 84 profiles (96.6%), but three isolates were not identifiable with the API 20E system. API 20E code numbers showed 13 different biotypes in 87 isolates. The lrighest rate of 48 (55.2%) isolates of API 20E code numbers was obtained with code No. 5146105 (biotype N). Oyster is이ates belonged to tlrirteen serotypes and patient strains belonged to 9 serotypes. Prevalent serotypes were 012, and 04A, 16 (18.6%) and 13 (15.1 %) from oysters, and 52 (67.5%) and 7 (9.1%) of 04A and 04AB from patients, respectively. 163 isolates of V. vulnificus cytolysin gene from oysters and patients were positive by PCR. 30 V. vulnificus isolates were divided into 5 genotypes using rep-PCR analysis. Only three bands have all of the isolates from the oysters by rep-PCR. on an antimicrobial susceptibility test they were susceptible to tetracyc1ine, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, but none were susceptible to colistin.

환아의 혈액과 변에서 분리된 Shigella flexneri의 생화학적 성상, 항균제 감수성 및 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis 분석

김신무 ( Shin Moo Kim ),임채원 ( Chae Won Lim ),소향아 ( Hyang Ah So ),심은숙 ( Eum Sook Shim ),김은숙 ( Eun Sook Kim ),이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ),정윤섭 ( Yunsop Chong ) 대한임상검사과학회 2007 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.39 No.3

Shigellosis is the most common bacterial gastroenteritis both in developing and developed countries, but bacteremia due to Shigella spp. is very rare. In developed countries recent shigellosis is mostly caused by S. sonnei, but S. flexeri infection is rare. We had rare cases of S. flexeri infections in a family in the Jeonbuk Province: an 8-year-old boy with bacteremic shigellosis and 10- and 12-year-old brothers with diarrhea. The isolates had identical biochemical characteristics, and were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole. PFGE pattern of NotⅠ-restricted genomic DNA suggested that the isolate from blood was closely related to the two strains isolated from stool which had an identical PFGE pattern.

질병진단에 중요한 효소들에 관한 비교 연구

김종호,김현희,심은숙 원광보건전문대 1997 원광보건전문대학논문집 Vol.20 No.-