임신 9개월에 병발한 Hirschprung`s Disease의 1예

신현탁(HT Shin),장윤석(YS Chang),신면우(MW Shin),박길수(GS Park) 대한산부인과학회 1963 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.6 No.6

A case of Hirschsprung`s Disease accompanied by the 34th week of gestation was observed. The patient, age 30, primi-gravida, has felt only slight symptoms of constipation, abdominal diestension which disappeared following her rare defecation for about 10 years. But the symptoms were aggravated in accordance with the enlargement of the pregnant uterus of her firsh gestation. The diagnosis by the X-ray findings was difficult on account of the completely compressed rectum by the dosceonded fetal presenting part, which was compressed by the extremely enlarged colon and sigmoid. In the operation, the pathologic findings were restricted in the transverse, descending colon and the sigmoid, on which we found the sharp demarcation of dilatation of the sigmoid.

뱃속 및 허파속 양성 압력이 토끼의 심장 박출량에 미치는 영향

신현탁(HT Shin) 대한산부인과학회 1964 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.7 No.3

토끼 50마리에 있어서 뱃속, 허파속, 뱃속과 허파속에 동시에, 그리고 뱃속에 등장성 식염수를 충만시킨 양성 압력을 유지한지 15분에 이들의 심장박출량, 심장지수, 중심부 혈액량의 변화와 색소 희석곡선 각 부분의 시간 길이를 넴뷰탈 마취한 상태에서 실험했다. 대조군 12마리, 20 mmHg의 양성 뱃속압력군 9마리, 10~12 mmHg의 양성 허파속압력군 11마리, 20 mmHg의 양성복압과 10~12 mmHg의 양성 허파속 압력을 동시에 준 실험군 5마리, 그리고 등장성 식염수를 충만시킨 12~15 mmHg의 양성 뱃속 압력군 13마리에서 실험했다. 심장박출량의 산출은 색소 희석법에 따라서 희석곡선을 기록하여 산출하였고 이렇게 얻은 심장박출량으로부터 중심부 혈액량을 산출하였다. 얻은 성적은 다음과 같은 것이었다. 1) 양성압력이 작용하면 모든 실험군에 있어서 심장박출량의 감소, 심장지수의 감소 및 중심부 혈액량의 감소등이 있었다. 2) 양성 압력하의 색소 희석곡선의 시간정수는 출현시간과 최고농도시간의 단축이 있었으며 통과시간과 재순환시간의 연장이 있었다. 그러므로 곡선은 급격히 상승하고 서서히 하강하는 경과를 취하였다. 3) 양성 압력하에서의 이러한 변화는 뱃속과 허파속에 동시에 양성 압력을 준 실험군에서 제일 현저하였고 뱃속에 20 mmHg의 양성 압력을 준 실험군, 허파속에 10~12 mmHg의 양성 압력을 준 실험군의 순서이었으며 뱃속에 등장성 식염수를 충만시킨 12~15 mmHg의 양성 뱃속 압력 실험군에서 제일 그 변화가 미약하였다. 4) 심장박출량의 감소가 심한 실험군일수록 중심부 혈액량도 감소하는 값이 현저하였다. 5) 심장박출량이 감소하는 실험군에서는 고정맥압이 증가하였다. 6) 뱃속 및 허파속 양성 압력과 정맥혈의 환류장해 및 순환장해에 관한 관계를 고찰하였다. Dye dilution curves (T-1824) were observed in 50 nembutalized rabbits under positive intra-abdominal pressure (20 mmHg, 9 rabbits), positive intrapulmonic pressure (10-12 mmHg, 11 rabbits), positive intra-abdominal and intrapulmonic pressure (5 rabbits) combined, and positive intra-abdominal pressure (12-15 mmHg, 13 rabbits) by means of intraperitoneal infusion of normal saline solution. Time constants of dilution curve, cardiac output, central blood volume, femoral venous pressure were compared to those of the control group of 12 rabbits. The following data were obtained. 1) Under positive pressure there appeared decreases in cardiac output, cardiac index and central blood volume in all of the experimental groups. 2) Under positive pressure, time constants of dye dilution curve revealed significant changes. Appearance time and peak concentration time were shortened, passage time and recirculation time elongated. Dilution curve showed an abrupt ascent and a slowed down descent. 3) The degree of the above changes was most remarkable in the positive intra-abdominal and intrapulmonic pressure combined group. The degree of changes decreased in the group, in the order of intra-abdominal pressure, intrapulmonic pressure and intra-abdominal pressure by means of saline solution infusion. 4) Decrease in central blood volume was more remarkable in the group which showed the greater decrease in cardiac output. 5) Decrease in cardiac output was accompanied by a rise in femoral venous pressure. 6) The relationship between intra-abdominal, intrapulmonic pressure and venous return was discussed.

감사 직무대행자의 임기에 관한 고찰

신현탁 ( Hyeon Tak Shin ) 한국상사판례학회 2013 상사판례연구 Vol.26 No.2

Article 386(2) of the Commercial Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to auditors in accordance with Article 415 of the Commercial Act, and, thus, acting auditor may be appointed by the court, if it deems necessary, upon the request of director, auditor or any other interested party. Although acting director shall automatically lose its position when the incoming director is appointed, it is not clear if the term of office of acting director shall apply mutatis mutandis to acting auditor as well. Historically, the Commercial Act before 1984 stipulated only the maximum period of 1 year for the term of office of auditor, and respective company could have freely designated the term of office of auditor. Thus, at that time, there was no problem in applying the term of office of acting director to acting auditor. However, after the revision of the Commercial Act in 1984, Article 410 of the Commercial Act is regarded as a compulsory provision, which provides that the term of office of auditor shall expire upon the closing of an ordinary general meeting of shareholders convened in respect of the last period for the settlement of accounts within 3 years after his/her inauguration. The legislative purpose of such revision was to guaranty the independency of auditor, and promote the efficiency and effectiveness of the performance of auditor. This spirit shall govern the term of office of acting auditor as well. Term of office less than 1 year is too short for the acting auditor to fully perform its duties after the acting auditor grasps all the financial status of the company, and, furthermore, acting auditor cannot be independent from the shareholders of the company because the acting auditor wants to be appointed as a regular auditor in the next shareholders` meeting. Thus, the term of office of acting auditor shall be construed to expire upon the closing of an ordinary general meeting of shareholders convened in respect of the last period for the settlement of accounts within 3 years after his/her inauguration as in the case of auditor.

수목원에서 세계식물보전전략 적용경향 및 대응방안

신현탁(Hyun Tak Shin),강신구(Shin Koo Kang) 한국산림휴양학회 2011 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 산림청 등록수목원 27개소를 중심으로 운영주체별 기후대별로 수목원에서 세계식물보전전략을 어떻게 적용하고 있는지를 파악하여 2차 세계식물보전전략 적용에 따른 대응방향과 역할 등을 수립하는데 기초자료로 사용하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 자료는 세계식물보전전략 16개 목표(Targets)에 대하여 적용가능 유무를 파악하고 분산분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 조사결과 수목원에서 세계식물 보전전략을 적용할 수 있는 것은 16개 항목 중 12개 목표이고 나머지 항목은 농촌진흥청 및 환경부 등과 공동으로 수행해야 할 목표이다. 2010년까지 수행된 세계식물보전전략은 일부 수목원에서 적용하고 있을 뿐 개념을 모르는 곳이 많았다. 공립수목원은 식물상조사 현지내보전 등에 관심이 많으며 사립수목원은 식물종평가 현지외보전 교육프로그램에 관심이 많았고 학교수목원은 식물상조사 교육프로그램에 관심이 있었다. 공·사립수목원의 경우 세계식물보전전략을 추구하는 방향이 다르므로 이를 이용하여 수목원 특성화를 유도하는 것이 좋을듯하다. 수목원에서 세계식물보전전략의 적용이 미흡한 까닭은 연구 기반이 약하고 예산이 뒷받침하지 못하고 있으며 수목원 최고 책임자의 추진의지와 전문성 결여로 세계식물보전전략 적용의 중요성을 파악하지 못하고 있기 때문이다. This study's purpose is to examine how the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation is applied to 27 arboreta registered by the Korea Forest Service by operator and climate zone thereby providing basic data for determining their countermeasures and roles in response to the application of the 2ndGlobalStrategyforPlantConservation. Toward this end the application of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation was identified in 16 items and then the data were analyzed by variance analysis. According to the results it was applied to 12 of the 16 items while the application to the remaining four items should be carried out jointly by the Rural Development Administration and the Ministry of Environment. The Global Strategy for Plant conducted until 2010 was applied in a few arboretums only and yet its concept was not well known to the majority of the arboretums. The main interests of public arboretums were research into flora and in-situ conservation while those of private arboretums were evaluation of plant species out-situ conservation and educational programs. The major interests of school arboretums included research into flora and educational programs. The specialization of arboretums should be conducted by allowing for the differences between public and private arboretums. The insignificant application of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation is due to insufficient research infrastructure and budgets and arboretum managers'poor understanding of the importance of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation because of lack of their managerial mind and professionalism.

Keyword Analysis of Arboretums and Botanical Gardens Using Social Big Data

신현탁(Hyun-Tak Shin),김상준(Sang-Jun Kim),성정원(Jung-Won Sung) 인간식물환경학회 2020 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.23 No.2

This study collects social big data used in various fields in the past 9 years and explains the patterns of major keywords of the arboretums and botanical gardens to use as the basic data to establish operational strategies for future arboretums and botanical gardens. A total of 6,245,278 cases of data were collected: 4,250,583 from blogs (68.1%), 1,843,677 from online cafes (29.5%), and 151,018 from knowledge search engine (2.4%). As a result of refining valid data, 1,223,162 cases were selected for analysis. We came up with keywords through big data, and used big data program Textom to derive keywords of arboretums and botanical gardens using text mining analysis. As a result, we identified keywords such as ‘travel’, ‘picnic’, ‘children’, ‘festival’, ‘experience’, ‘Garden of Morning Calm’, ‘program’, ‘recreation forest’, ‘healing’, and ‘museum’. As a result of keyword analysis, we found that keywords such as ‘healing’, ‘tree’, ‘experience’, ‘garden’, and ‘Garden of Morning Calm’ received high public interest. We conducted word cloud analysis by extracting keywords with high frequency in total 6,245,278 titles on social media. The results showed that arboretums and botanical gardens were perceived as spaces for relaxation and leisure such as travel , picnic and recreation , and that people had high interest in educational aspects with keywords such as ‘experience’ and ‘field trip’. The demand for rest and leisure space, education, and things to see and enjoy in arboretums and botanical gardens increased than in the past. Therefore, there must be differentiation and specialization strategies such as plant collection strategies, exhibition planning and programs in establishing future operation strategies.

울릉도의 보전지역 설정 및 보전전략(3) -독도의 식물상 및 관리방안

신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ),박선주 ( Seon Joo Park ),강기호 ( Ki Ho Kang ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Yoo ) 한국환경생태학회 2004 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.18 No.2

자본시장법상 온라인소액투자중개업자의 법적 지위에 관한 해석론상 문제점

신현탁(Shin, Hyeon Tak) 한국증권법학회 2016 증권법연구 Vol.17 No.2

자본시장법 시행령에서 온라인소액투자중개업자의 업무범위에 해당되는 것으로 나열하고 있는 행위 유형들은 자본시장법상의 청약권유금지·자문금지·주선금지 규정 등과 충돌하기 때문에 정작 온라인소액투자중개업자가 적법하게 영위할 수 있는 업무범위는 단순한 체약대행(청약권유의 대행/청약의 대행/승낙의 대행) 업무에 불과하며, 위 시행령상 규정된 업무범위는 유명무실하다. 또한 자본시장법상 온라인소액투자중개업자는 온라인소액증권발행인이 크라우드펀딩 플랫폼에 게재하려는 사항에 관하여 사실 여부를 확인할 의무를 부담하는데, 이에 따른 사실확인 업무를 제3자에게 위탁하는 것은 가능하지만, 본질적 업무로 규정되어 있기 때문에 수탁자가 온라인소액투자중개업자의 자격을 갖추도록 위탁에 제한이 가해진다. 그러나 사실확인 업무는 대부분 단순한 서류대조 작업에 의하여 처리될 성질의 것이기 때문에 굳이 수탁자의 자격을 제한할 필요가 없다. 온라인소액투자중개업자에 대한 진입규제를 투자자문업자 수준으로 완화하였다 하더라도 단순히 체약대행 업무만을 영위하는 온라인소액투자중개업자의 지위에 비추어 여전히 과잉 규제이다. 온라인소액투자중개업자에 대한 진입규제를 현재 수준보다 더 완화해야 한다. As of Jan. 25, 2016, the amendments of Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act (hereinafter, the “FISCMA”) and its Presidential Decree had taken effect with introducing crowdfunding. Until now, 13 Crowdfunding Platforms (Online Small Investment Intermediary) has been registered with the Financial Supervisory Service. Crowdfunding Platform is stipulated to be a investment broker under the FISCMA, and allowed to perform brokerage, underwriting, solicitation, etc. in accordance with the presidential Decree of the FISCMA, but, in reality, other provisions of the FISCMA prohibit Crowdfunding Platforms from doing the above works except for the simple agency business of offer and/or accept of the online small investment. Thus, the role of Crowdfunding Platforms is restrained to simple proxy business, rather than investment brokerage business. In addition, Crowdfunding Platforms may entrust a third party to perform the certification business regarding the facts disclosed by the issuer, which should have been performed by Crowdfunding Platforms, but, the FISCMA requires the trustee to be registered as Crowdfunding Platform as well. Such certification business is supposed to be performed through checking the documents submitted by the issuer, which is never meant to be a complicated or hard work. Thus, the requirement of trsutee’s eligibility is unnecessary. Considering that the role of Crowdfunding Platform is simple agency business, the registration requirement of Crowdfunding Platform shall be much lower than other financial investment business entities under the FISCMA, and current regulation on Crowdfunding Platform is too burdensome.

울릉도의 보전지역 설정 및 보전전략(1) -울릉도 지역의 식물상-

신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ),김용식 ( Yong Shik Kim ) 한국환경생태학회 2003 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.16 No.2

울릉도의 보전지역 설정 및 보전전략(2) -섬개야광나무 서식처현황 및 형태적 특성-

신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ),김용식 ( Yong Shik Kim ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Yoo ) 한국환경생태학회 2004 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.17 No.2

사업기회유용 금지의무 위반의 효과

申鉉卓(Hyeon-Tak Shin) 한국기업법학회 2014 企業法硏究 Vol.28 No.3

새로 도입된 상법 제397조의2 제2항에서는 이사의 사업기회유용 금지의무 위반에 따른 법적효과에 대하여 규정하고 있으나, 현실적으로 발생 가능한 다양한 사례에 적용하기 위해서는 충분한 해석론적 논의가 요구된다. 원칙적으로 이사회의 승인이 없다면 당해이사는 사업기회를 유용해서는 안되는데, 이 때 이사회 승인은 특별이해관계 있는 이사를 포함한 재적이사의 3분의 2 이상의 찬성에 의하여 이루어져야 한다. 다만 특별이해관계 있는 이사는 의결권을 행사할 수 없으므로 그러한 이사가 많을 경우에는 회사와의 이해상충 가능성이 심각한 경우로서 이사회 승인이 불가능할 수 있다. 이사회 승인이 있었다 하더라도 이사회에서 성실심의의무를 위반한 경우가 문제되는데, 그러한 이사회 승인도 유효한 것이므로 이를 성실하게 신뢰하고 사업기회를 성공적으로 이용한 당해이사는 주의의무를 위반한 사실이 없으므로 손해배상책임이 인정되어서는 안 된다. 반면 성실심의의무를 위반하여 사업기회 이용을 승인한 이사들은 회사에 대하여 손해배상책임을 부담하며, 이때에는 당해이사 등이 사업기회를 통하여 얻은 이익이 회사의 손해로 추정되어야 할 것이다. Corporate opportunity doctrine has been introduced into the Korean Commercial Act (“KCC”). When a corporate opportunity was approved by the board of directors (“BOD”), the director, who used the corporate opportunity, will not be responsible for the damages of the company, if any. However, it is controversial with the liability of the director, if the BOD did not fully perform the duty of care in the approval of the corporate opportunity. In this regard, Section 2 of the Article 397-2 of the KCC is ambiguous, and requires special elaborations to explore an untrodden field without referring to the examples of other countries. Korean commercial Act does not recognize the fairness test in regard with the corporate opportunity, nor constructive trusts on the contrary to the American cases. On the other hand, the director"s liability results from any violation of his/her obligations in accordance with section 2 of the Article 397-2 of the KCC. Then, if the director used the corporate opportunity under the approval of the BOD, there is no violation of obligation in the side of the director. Even if the BOD failed to perform their duty of care, the liability shall be on the BOD rather than the director, because the approval itself is still valid. Thus, in this case, the director shall be exempted from any liability from the damages of the company, only if he/her used the corporate opportunity under the approval of the BOD, even if the BOD made the approval without fully performing the duty of care.