버들치(Rhynchocypris oxycephalus)에서 에스트로겐류 물질에 의한 vitellogenin의 유도 및 단일클론항체 제작

신정아,송재영,임희영,장민호,이혜민,정규희,임윤규,윤병수,Shin, Jung-A,Song, Jae-Young,Lim, Hee-Young,Chang, Min-Ho,Lee, Hye-Min,Chung, Kyu-Hoi,Lim, Yoon-Kyu,Yoon, Byoung-Su 대한수의학회 2006 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.46 No.1

Vitellogenin (Vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted from the liver in response to estrogens in female fish. Vtg is normally undetectable in the blood of male fish, but can be induced by exposure to chemicals possessing estrogenic activity. Thus, the presence of Vtg in blood of male fish can serve as a useful biomarker for assessing previous exposure to estrogenic compounds. In the present study, Vtg was abnormally expressed in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus using estradiol benzoate ($E_2$). As the result, it was found that the level of Vtg in blood from R. oxycephalus was increased by treated quantity of $E_2$ with dose-effect manner. Monoclonal antibodies were generated against Vtg of R. oxycephalus. The hybridoma were screened with an enzyme immunoassay for the production of specific anti-Vtg antibodies. Five positive cell lines with a high specificity were selected. Monoclonal antibodies against vtg of R. oxycephalus that was developed in this study, may be a useful bio-indicator for the detection of estrogenic contamination in the aquatic ecosystem.

짧은 안축장에서 백내장수술 후 굴절오차 분석과 각막굴절력 및 전방깊이에 따른 정확성 분석

신정아,황규연,김만수,Jeong Ah Shin,Kyu Yeon Hwang,Man Soo Kim 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of the chosen formula in short eyes and the effect of the anterior chamber depth (ACD) and corneal refractive power on the accuracy. Methods: A total of 251 eyes out of 185 patients (axial length below 22.0 mm) who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital were retrospectively studied. Introcular lens (IOL) power was calculated with the Hoffer Q, SRK II, SRK-T and Holladay 1 formulas and refractive outcome was measured. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on ACD. The accuracy of the 4 formulas was compared and the errors according to the ACD were also evaluated. Results: In eyes with short axial lengths, all formulas showed a tendency for hyperopic shifts. The Hoffer Q formula showed significantly high predictive accuracy. This tendency for hyperopic shifts was similar in the eyes with extremely short axial length, but a large refractive error deviation was observed. The 2 groups based on ACD showed no significant difference in the refractive error, but the group with deep ACD had a tendency for hyperopic shifts. The difference of the calculated IOL power between the 4 formulas was more pronounced in eyes with lower corneal refractive power. Conclusions: In eyes with short axial lengths, preoperative ACD and corneal refractive power had an influence on the accuracies of predicted IOL power. Therefore, these factors should be considered in IOL power determination.

백서 두개골 결손부에서 입자 크기에 따른 Calcium aluminate cement의 효과

신정아,윤정호,오승한,백정원,최세영,김종관,최성호,Shin, Jung-A,Yun, Jeong-Ho,Oh, Seung-Han,Paik, Jeong-Won,Choi, Se-Young,Kim, Chong-Kwan,Choi, Seong-Ho 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.4

This present study was carried out to find the effects of calcium aluminate cement($CaO\;{\cdot}\;Al_2O_3$, CAC), which has been developed with bio-compatibility and mechanical properties, in biological environments. Two different particle sizes of CAC - 3.5${\mu}m$ vs. 212${\sim}$250${\mu}m$ which is recommended in periodontal bone grafting procedures-were filled in 8mm calvarial defect in Sprague-Dawley rat. The specimens were examined histologically, especially the bone-cement interface and the response of surrounding tissues. The results are as follows; 1. In the control group, inflammatory cells were observed at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks, periosteum and dura mater were continuously joined together in the defect areas. But in the center of defect area were filled up with the loose connective tissues. 2. In the experimental group l($212{\mu}m{\sim}250{\mu}m$ particle), immature bone was formed and outermost layer was surrounded by osteoid layer at 2 weeks. Osteoblasts were arranged between immature bone and osteoid layer. And, osteoid layer was remained until 8 weeks after surgery. 3. In the experimental group 2, periosteum and dura mater lost its continuity at 2 weeks. Scattering of CAC particles and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed, which this findings deepened at 8 weeks. The result of this study shows that when calvarial defects in white rats are filled with calcium aluminate cement of 212${\sim}$250${\mu}m$, the materials are to be bio-compatible in growth and healing on surrounding tissues. When further researches are fulfilled, such as direct bone adhesion and bone regeneration ability, it's possible that CAC could be applied to various periodontology fields in the future.

접촉식 초음파와 부분결합간섭계를 이용한 생체계측시 백내장수술 후 굴절력 예측의 비교

신정아,정성근,Jeing Ah Shin,Sung Kun Chung 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.5

Purpose: To compare ocular biometry measured by applanation ultrasonography and IOL Master<sup>®, and evaluate the accuracies of the refractive outcome after cataract surgery. Methods: The biometries of 76 cataractous eyes were measured using ultrasonography and IOL Master<sup>®. The SRK-T formula was employed to predict the patient’s implanted IOL power. Two months after cataract surgery, the refractive outcome was determined, and results from the 2 different biometry methods were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in axial length (AXL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) between ultrasonography and IOL Master<sup>® (p = 0.501). When using ultrasonography, the mean absolute error (MAE) of the ultrasonography and IOL Master<sup>® was 0.53 ± 0.30 diopter (D), 0.55 ± 0.41 D, respectively. The difference between the 2 biometry methods was not statistically significant (p = 0.110). Conclusions: Although the difference was not statistically significant, AXL measured by IOL Master<sup>® was longer and ACD measured by IOL Master<sup>® was deeper than when measured by A-scan. This difference was more pronounced in patients with a short AXL. The accuracy of IOL power calculation was similar between the 2 devices.

비누로 제작된 현대미술 작품의 보존과 적정 온습도 환경 연구

신정아,한예빈,차순민,김영목,권희홍,Shin, Jeong Ah,Han, Ye Bin,Cha, Sun Min,Kim, Young Mok,Kwon, Hee Hong 한국문화재보존과학회 2021 보존과학회지 Vol.37 No.5

현대미술은 작가의 개성에 따라 다양한 재질을 사용하기 때문에 사용한 재료의 특성과 작가의 표현 의도를 파악하여 보존처리를 실시해야 한다. 본 연구는 비누로 제작된 작품의 열화원인을 분석하고 안정적인 전시 및 보관을 위한 온습도 환경 실험을 실시하여, 작가의 제작의도 변화에 따른 작품의 형태를 장기적으로 유지하는 데 목표를 두고 있다. 비누작품의 용출물은 분석결과 글리세린으로 확인되었으며, 글리세린이 습도에 민감하게 반응하기 때문에 온습도 환경실험을 통해 상대습도 60~65%가 안정적인 환경임을 확인하였다. 각 작품에 적절한 보존처리를 다양한 방법으로 적용하였으며, 실험결과와 연구 자료에 따라 비누 적정 온습도 환경을 온도 20±2℃, 상대습도 60±5%로 제안하였다. Various materials, depending on the personality of the artist, are required for contemporary art. Thus, it is necessary to decipher the expressive intentions of the artist and characteristics of the materials required for the conservation of such art. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes underlying the deterioration of sculptures made from soap and to determine the ideal hygrothermal environment required to stably exhibit and store these artworks. Furthermore, we aim to maintain the long-term structures of the artworks in accordance with the changing expressions and intentions of the artist. Our analysis confirmed that the extracts of the soap sculptures were composed of glycerin and that the sculptures were sensitive to humidity. Moreover, we determined that a relative humidity (RH.) of approximately 60~65% made for an appropriate hygrothermal environment required to preserve the sculptures. We also preserved each work in various ways by applying appropriate preservation treatment, and found that the optimum preservation environment for soap sculptures was a temperature of 20±2℃ and a RH. of 60±5%.

LiF-maleic acid 첨가 calcium aluminate 골시멘트 및 CA-PMMA 복합 골시멘트가 백서 두개골 결손부 치유에 미치는 영향

신정아,윤정호,오승한,백정원,최세영,김종관,최성호,Shin, Jung-A,Yun, Jeong-Ho,Oh, Seung-Han,Baik, Jeong-Won,Choi, Se-Young,Kim, Chong-Kwan,Choi, Seong-Ho 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically the effect of LiF-maleic acid added calcium aluminate(LM-CA) bone cement & CA-PMMA composite bone cement on the healing of calvarial defect in Sprague-Dawley rats. The critical size defects were surgically produced in the calvarial bone using the 8mm trephine bur. The rats were divided in three groups : In the control group, nothing was applied into the defect of each rat. LM-CA bone cement was implanted in the experimental group 1 and CA-PMMA composite bone cement was implanted in the experimental group 2. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 8 weeks after surgical procedure. The specimens were examined by histologic analysis, especially about the bone-cement interface and the response of surrounding tissue. The results are as follows; 1. In the control group, inflammatory infiltration was observed at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks, periosteum and duramater were continuously joined together in the defect area. But the center of defect area was filled up with the loose connective tissue. 2. In the experimental group 1, the bonding between implanted bone cement and the existing bone was seen, which more increased in 8 weeks than 2 weeks. Inflammatory infiltration and the dispersion of implanted bone cement particles were seen in both 2 weeks and 8 weeks. 3. In the experimental group 2, implanted bone itself had a dimensional stability and no bonding between implanted bone cement and the existing bone was seen in both 2 weeks and 8 weeks. Implanted bone cement was encapsulated by fibrous connective tissue. In addition, inflammatory infiltration was seen around implanted bone cement. On the basis of these results, when LM-CA bone cement or CA-PMMA composite bone cement was implanted in rat calvarial defect, LM-CA bone cement can be used as a bioactive bone graft material due to ability of bonding to the existing bone and CA-PMMA can be used as a graft material for augmentation of bone-volume due to dimensional stability.

테트라졸을 포함한 에너지 함유 공중합체의 합성

신정아,Shin, Jung-Ah 한국군사과학기술학회 2011 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Polymers containing tetrazole groups are very attractive as energetic materials. Copolymer having tetrazole groups could be obtained by 3-steps from commercially available epichlorohydrin. These methods provide a new synthetic pathway to construct polymers containing tetrazole groups from non-energetic polynitrile compounds. These polymers are expected to be good candidates for green and high energetic materials.

동요의 문학성에 따른 어린이 수용양상과 교육적 함의 -신현득의 동요문학선언과 동요시집을 중심으로-

신정아 ( Jung A Shin ) 한국어린이문학교육학회 2014 어린이문학교육연구 Vol.15 No.4

한국아동문학의 역사는 동요에서 시작되었다. 글이 없던 시대에도 어린이들은 노래를 흥얼거렸으며, 그들의 입을 통해 전해져온 구전동요는 어린이문학교육의 시발점이었다. 이러한 동요는 격변기를 거쳐 왔는데, 1960년대 동시작가로 불리던 시인들은 문학성을 잣대로 예술성이 떨어지는 동요를 짓지 않았다. 이 시기 아동문학의 출발이 동요에서 시작되었고, 어린이들에게 동요가 뗄 수 없는 장르라는 것을 인식한 신현득은 몇 동시작가들과 함께 동요문학선언을 공표하여 동요부흥운동을 전개해 나간다. 또한 그가 출간한 동요시집에 실린 작품들은 그가 동요를 시적 경지에까지 끌어올리고 있음을 보여준다. 이후 동요시는 어린이들이 읽고 마는 시에서 문학적인 감동을 주는 성격의 것으로 변화한다. 어린이들은 언어적 표현에 의한 시적 형상화를 직접 체험하면서, 시의 아름다움을 맛보게 된다. 뿐만 아니라, 자연물을 통한 잔잔하면서도 동심의 색채가 강한 어조는 어린이들로 하여금 정서적 몰입을 가능케 하며, 안정되고 풍요로운 살아갈 수 있는 힘도 안겨준다. 이처럼 동요는 어린이의 정서 또는 가치관 형성에 적지 않은 영향을 미친다. 동요의 문학성 정립을 위한 꾸준한 노력은, 어린이문학 교육적 측면에서도 분명한 발전을 가져올 것이라 기대한다. Korean Children`s Literature started from children`s songs. When there were no letters, children sang a song, and children`s folk songs passed on by word of mouth was the starting point of children`s literature education. These children`s songs endured sudden changes, and the poets who were called writers of children`s poems did not compose children`s songs with low artistic quality with criteria of literarity. At that time, the starting point of children`s literature began from children`s songs, and Shin Hyeon Deuk who recognized it as a children`s genre, published a declaration of children`s songs as literature with other writers of children`s poems and conducted a children`s song revival movement. And the pieces in his own collection of children`s song showsraised the genre up to the poetic level. Since then, children`s songs changed from just poems read by children to those thatprovide literary impression. Children experience poetic formation through lingual expressions and enjoy the beauty of poems. Also, a calm but strong child-like tone with nature makes children emotionally immersed and provides a stable and abundant life force. Therefore, children`s songs have a huge influence on the formation of children`s emotions or sense of values. Continuous efforts to build literarity of children`s songs is expected to develop the educational aspect of children`s literature.

윤석중 동시에 드러난 낙천적 환상성 연구 -작품의 내적형식을 중심으로

신정아 ( Jung A Shin ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2012 한국문화기술 Vol.13 No.-

Fantasy is made by children’s dream. There will be no fantasy world, if growing children do not have dream or hope. Children’s genuine honesty is really needed for expressing an optimistic childish innocence and presenting a fantasy world. Fantasy world shows something that gratifies children’s desire in literature. As I mentioned earlier, there are not only fairy tale but also many children’s poem which assumed a fantasy based on reality in juvenile literature. For this reason, I studied an optimistic fantasy in Yoon, SeokJung’s children’s poem. I focused on literary work which has fairy tale fantasy based on innocence of childhood, personified fantasy, spatial fantasy and transforming fantasy. There is given a world of fairy tale fantasy when we instill children’s imagination with childish innocence. Furthermore, a personified fantasy gives pleasure with an eccentric and wonderful world to the children who have animistic thoughts such as ‘Every existence has life in the world’. Especially, Yoon, SeokJung’s used ‘Moon’ as a material in his children’s poem. A crescent moon, a half moon and a full moon also appears in this manuscript as an imagery of spatial and transforming fantasy. It looks successful literary work to realize a fantastic image in moon’s shape. Factors of animistic, space time and transforming also helps children’s emotional development which is in Yoon, SeokJung’s children’s poem. Children suddenly realize that they cannot indulge their desire in real world and they start to find active ways to fill their desire. Yoon, SeokJung’s fantasy works have to be understood as an active way to indulge children’s desire. This shows a close correlation with Yoon, SeokJung’s mind which loves children. Children can have a hope by experiencing fantasy world in these literature works. On the other hand, Yoon, SeokJung’s got harsh reviews about disregarding a reality or drawing an unreality child. However, even if Yoon, SeokJung supports a positive childlike world and an optimistic fantasy world, every Yoon, SeokJung’s literature works is not optimistic and hopeful. A typical example, it can be found clearly in Yoon, SeokJung’s work, ‘Snail,’ Yoon, SeokJung also could not avoid reality in that time although he thought children do not have to know this tragic time. Children’s poems also express a realistic contradiction or problems indirectly by making these things materials or themes. However, we need to focus on how realistic contradiction is expressed in children’s poem. In those regards, Yoon, SeokJung’s many literature works which includes ‘Optimistic Fantasy’ proves effectiveness. As there are many literature work which children prefer and focusing on animistic thoughts. It also includes sky which is children’s everlasting dream. Children advanced in optimistic fantasy world. It is not far that the world is the one in children’s mind. We need to recognize the need of ‘Children’s poem fantasy’ for children now and forever, and we also need to continue our effort not only creation but also study. I left the task about ‘External Form’ in optimistic fantasy study in Yoon, SeokJng’s Children’s poem and I hope there is a steady result of children’s fantasy study in future.

소천 시 연구; 자연의 품에서 깨어난 꿈

신정아(Shin, Jung-A) 한국아동문학학회 2012 한국아동문학연구 Vol.- No.23

본고에서는 그가 남긴 동시집 『호박꽃초롱』에 나타난 ‘꽃’과 ‘꿈’의 이미지 중심으로 작품을 살펴보았다. 소천의 동시집은 ‘하늘, 구름, 달, 나무, 바람, 눈, 닭, 사슴, 민들레, 호박꽃 등의 자연적인 것이 동시의 주요어로 사용되었으며, 자연 안에서 자연의 밝고 생동하는 세계의 노래를 부드럽고 구김살 없이 자유롭게 구사하였다. 이렇듯 그의 작품은 거의가 아름답고 조용한 고향의 자연과 애정이 깃들어 있다. 직관 그대로 티 없는 표현을 하고 있는 「닭」이나 「달밤」, 「사슴뿔」과 같은 작품이 보여주듯, 그의 동시는 영원을 바라고 꿈을 그리며 조국과 민족에 힘을 실어주는 작품들을 주로 생산한다. 본고의 논제가 된 ‘꽃’과 ‘꿈’의 상징적 의미도 그의 동시 작품 전체 이미지 면에서 중요한 의의를 차지한다. 소천 동시에 ‘꽃’은 심심치 않게 등장하는데, ‘꽃’은 ‘피어난다’라는 의미로서 꿈과 희망을 상징한다. 「사슴뿔」에 피어날 ‘꽃’과 피어나야만 하는 ‘무궁화’와 「이슬비의 속삭임」에서 피어나기 위한 ‘꽃봉오리’는 모두 희망과 가능성을 지닌 존재인 것이다. 일제치하의 암울한 현실 속에서 아직 피어보지 못한 우리 조국의 꿈이 꽃 속에 담겨있다. 이러한 자연친화적 소재를 일반 활용해 작품에 극대화한 작가의 태도는 그의 작품에 꽃이 아닌, 또 다른 ‘꿈’으로 나타난다. ‘하늘’을 소재로 한 그의 작품을 살펴보면, 「조그만 하늘」에서 소나기가 안고 온 빈 독의 조그만 하늘은 비극적 현실을 안고 사는 민족들에게 한 줄기 희망의 공간인 것이다. 조그만 하늘이지만 잘도 떠도는 ‘제법 고오운 구름’은 작가를 비롯한 민족의 ‘고오운 꿈’을 상징한다. 아동의 세계를 통해서 이상의 세계를 추구하는 것은 소천에게 있어서는 꿈의 세계이다. 「가을하늘」에서 엄마를 기다리며 바라보는 파란 하늘도 ‘동그란’ 하늘과 ‘파란’하늘의 함축적 이미지가 결합해, 파란 하늘은 언젠가 돌아올 조국의 광복을 꿈꾸는 공간으로 제시된다. 「가을하늘」에서 화자가 엄마를 기다리듯, 대자연은 마치 ‘엄마의 품’과도 같다. 엄마 품에 안기면 어떠한 꿈이라도 ‘겁 없이’ 꾸어댈 수 있을 것만 같다. 그리고 엄마 품에 잠들면 겁 없이 꾸어댄 꿈이 꼭 이루어질 것만 같다. 소천에게 자연이란 그런 엄마 품과도 같은 것이다. This manuscript focused on the image of ‘flower’ and ‘dream’ which is from Kang, SoCheon’s children’s poem; 『Pumpkin flower a canful』. SoCheon used nature words in his poem such as ‘sky’, ‘cloud’, ‘moon’, ‘wood’, ‘wind’, ‘snow’, ‘hen’, ‘deer’, ‘dandelion’, and ‘pumkin flower’. His poem also had a good command of nature’s bright and vivid world. Like this, almost all his literature has a nature of beautiful and quite hometown and love. As is shown by SoCheon’s literature such as ‘hen’, ‘moonlit night’, and ‘antler’, he usually creates eternity, dream and power to Nations and Peoples in his literature. A symbolic meaning of ‘flower’ and ‘dream’ which are main words in this manuscript is also occupied an important meaning in his all literature images. A word of ‘flower’ appeared easily in SoCheon’s poem, the word ‘flower’ means ‘bloom’, which means dream and hope. For example, ‘flower’ which will bloom and ‘Mugunghwa’ which must bloom in 『Antler』 and ‘bud’ which is for blooming in 『Whisper of Drizzle』 are all existence which has hope and possibility. The flower has our nation’s dream which do not bloom in dark Japanese imperialism. SoCheon used nature-friendly words for maximizing his literature; the word ‘flower’ is not only just a ‘flower’ but also ‘dream’. As is shown earlier children’s poem, SoCheon’s literature draws a dream without exception. Whereas if we look at his poem which uses ‘sky’ as his writing material, small sky with shower is ray of hope to Peoples who lives with a tragic reality in 『Small Sky』. Even though small sky, a roving well ‘beautiful cloud’ symbolize Nation’s ‘beautiful dream’. Pursuing an ideal world through children’s world is a dream world to SoCheon. Seeing a blue sky while waiting a mother in 『The Autumn Sky』 is also colligating implicitness images; blue sky represents a dreaming space of nation’s independence which will come true someday. As narrator waits mother in 『The Autumn sky』, Mother Nature is like a ‘mother’s bosom’ When we hug mother’s bosom, we can make a dream fearlessly. Furthermore when we sleep in mother’s bosom, we feel like dream is almost come true. The nature is like a mother’s bosom to Socheon.