세계적 테크노폴: 프랑스 소피아 앙티폴리스의 지역혁신 성과

신동호,Shin, Dong-Ho 한국경제지리학회 2020 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.23 No.1

1950년대에 탈산업화가 시작되면서 선후진국을 막론하여 세계 여러 나라들이 첨단산업집적지, 즉 테크노폴을 조성, 육성하였다. 프랑스의 소피아 앙티폴리스가 그 대표적인 예이다. 소피아 앙티폴리스는 지중해 연안의 관광 도시, 니스 인근지역 출신으로 파리광산대학의 교수와 프랑스 상원의원을 지낸 피에르 라피트(Pierre Laffite)의 제안으로 시작된 유럽 굴지의 테크노폴이다. 이 테크노폴은 1960년대 말부터 조성이 시작되어, 1990년대까지는 입주기관간 시너지효과가 없는 유명 연구기관의 단순한 집적지에 지나지 않은 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 그 후 많은 변화가 이루어진 것으로 파악되는 바, 연구자는 소피아 앙티폴리스의 조성 과정과 성과, 그리고 그 주변 지역의 변화 등을 비교, 분석하여 정책적, 이론적 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 그를 위해 지역혁신론과 경로이론을 검토하여 분석 틀을 작성하였고 그에 기초하여 자료를 수집, 분석하였다. 그러한 연구에 의하면 소피아 앙티폴리스는 지난 50여 년 동안 여러 차례에 걸쳐 정책 거버넌스가 변화되었으며, 물적 성장뿐만 아니라 지역내 많은 혁신효과를 가져왔고, 역동적인 혁신환경도 조성된 것으로 파악된다. The advanced industrial economies have been suffering from rapid de-industrialization since the 1970s. In order to overcome such crisis, many countries have attempted to establish science parks and technopoles. Sophia Antipolis in France is one of the best examples of the worldly known technopoles, which was launched in the late 1960s. However, earlier evaluations on the technopole were not positive, while there were no dynamic innovative activities among institutions and firms of the technopole at least up to the early 1990s. While some changes in such circumstance have been observed since then, this paper attempts to investigate the changes and transformations occurring from the technopole since the late 1990s. Based on the review of the recent publications, statistics and expert interviews, the current paper concludes that Sophia Antipolis has been transformed into a dynamic and innovative technopole.

가토(家兎)에서 Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine 및 Clonidine의 승압반응(昇壓反應)에 대한 Diltiazem의 영향(影響)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

To examine the selectivity of diltiazem, used in the cardiovascular diseases, on alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced pressor responses, effect of diltiazem on alpha-adrenocepter agonist-induced pressor responses were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits and spinal rabbits. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Intravenous diltiazem(10, 30, 100, 300, $1000{\mu}g/kg$) produced dose-dependent depressor response in rabbits. 2. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylephrine ($30{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous diltiazem in rabbits and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by diltiazem. 3. Presser responses to intravenous norepinephrine ($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine ($20{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine ($300{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous diltiazem in spinal rabbits. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by diltiazem. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by diltiazem was slightly prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. These results suggest that diltiazem significantly inhibits both pressor responses mediated by alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors.

가토(家兎) 및 Rat에서 Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine 및 Clonidine의 승압반응(昇壓反應)에 대한 Verapamil의 영향(影響)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

To examine the selectivity of verapamil, used in the cardiovascular diseases, on alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced pressor rsponses, effects of verapamil on alpha-adrenoceptor agonist-induced pressor responses were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits, spinal rabbits, rats and pithed rats. To evaluate the effects of verapamil on each pressor response induced by norepinephrine, phenylephrine and clonidine, these agonists were previously injected into a ear vein, and then same procedures were performed 1~2 min after treatment with intravenous verapamil. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Intravenous verapamil produced dose-dependent depressor response in rabbits and rats. 2. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylphrine($30{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in rabbits and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by verapamil. 3. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine($20{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine ($300{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in spinal rabbits. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by verapamil. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by verapamil was more prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. 4. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($3{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapairlil in rats and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by verapamil. 5. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine ($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine($30{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine($100{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in pithed rats. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by verapamil. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by verapamil was more prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. These results suggest that verapamil significantly inhibits both pressor responses mediated by alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors and the inhibition is greater in alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced response than in alpha-1 adrenoceptor-induced one, and calcium channel takes part in the process of the pressor response mediated by alpha-1 adrenoceptors as well as alpha-2 adrenoceptors.

Oxymetazoline의 가토장편운동(家兎腸片運動) 억제작용(抑制作用) 등장성(等張性) 및 등장성(等張性) 기록방법(記錄方法)의 비교(比較)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1985 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

The inhibitory action of oxymetazoline on the spontaneous movements of isolated intestinal strips of the rabbit and the effects of antagonists upon the oxymetazoline actions were assessed with recordings through both isometric and isotonic transducers, and comparisons were made between both methods of recording. There were significant differences between the slopes of regression equations calculated from log dose response curves of oxymetazoline obtained from jejunum and those from ileum. But no difference was noted between both recordings either through isotonic transducer or through isometric transducer. The $ID_{50}$ of oxymetazoline obtained from the recording through isotonic transducer was $6.31{\times}10^{-7}M$ in jejunum and $3.16{\times}10^{-8}M$ in ileum. The recording through isometric transducer gave the values of $5.01{\times}10^{-7}M$ in jejunum and $1.07{\times}10^{-8}M$ in ileum. The $pA_2$-values of prazosin to oxymetazoline calculated from the recording through isotonic transducer were 8.13 in jejunum and 8.31 in ileum and the recording through isometric transducer gave the values of 7.29 and 8.26 in jejunum and ileum, respectively. The $pA_2$-values of phentolamine to oxymetazoline obtained from the recording through isotonic transducer were 8.18 in Jejunum and 9.31 in ileum and those from the recording through isometric transducer were 7.75 and 8.13 in jejunum and ileum, respectively. These results indicate that there are no significant differences between recordings either through isotonic transducer or through isometric transducer in assessing inhibitory responses of intestinal movement to certain drugs.

카본블랙/나일론 나노섬유 웹의 접착에 유전가열의 영향

신동호,이윤응,주창환,Shin, Dong-Ho,Lee, Youn-Eung,Joo, Chang-Whan 한국섬유공학회 2005 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.42 No.6

Most thermoplastic fibrous materials have low dielectric constant enabling direct bonding of the composing fibers by microwave heating. However, the bonding capability between nanofibers can be highly increased by blending additives having high dielectric constant. In this paper, nylon 66 nanofibers were produced with the carbon black particles, which have high permittivity, by the electrospinning method. The produced carbon black/nylon 66(CB/N) hybrid nanofiber webs of different carbon black contents were heated by the microwave system for different treatment times. The morphological structure and strength properties of CB/N hybrid nanofiber webs were investigated to verify their bonding behavior. The results showed that the bonding strength of pure nylon 66 nanofiber webs prepared by microwave heating was weak, but the bonding area at the contact point of nanofibers having carbon black increased with increasing microwave treatment tine. In spite of increasing bonding area, the bonding strength of CB/N nanofiber webs does not increase due to the decrease in fiber diameter.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis에 의한 유산양의 가성결핵 증례

신동호,송윤경,변재원,김하영,김형순,우계형,이오수,정병일,Shin, Dong-Ho,Song, Yun-Kyung,Byun, Jae-Won,Kim, Ha-Young,Kim, Hyoung-Soon,Woo, Gye-Hyeong,Lee, O-Soo,Jung, Byeong Yeal 대한수의학회 2010 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.50 No.1

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic and contagious disease of sheep and goats caused by Corynebacterium (C.) pseudotuberculosis. A four-year-old female Saanen dairy goat was submitted to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Center at National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service. The clinical signs of the goat were emaciation, abortion and quadriplegia. The multifocal nodules of lymph nodes were encapsulated and filled with whitish caseous contents on the cut surface. Histopathologically, lymph nodes displayed suppurative and necrotizing granulomas. Caseous necrosis was diffusely observed in the center of the lymph nodes. Gram positive bacilli were shown in the lesions. C. pseudotuberculosis was isolated and confirmed by the biochemical tests and PCR assay. Based on clinical signs, histopathological examination and bacterial isolation, we diagnosed this case as CLA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CLA in a Saanen dairy goat in Korea.

장평활근의 수축성에 대한 amitraz의 영향

신동호,임채미,김재하,Shin, Dong-ho,Lim, Chae-mi,Kim, Jae-ha 대한수의학회 1995 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Amitraz frequently causes the side effect of intestinal stasis or bloat in mammals. It is very similar to the side effect of xylazine or clonidine which produce the inhibition of intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$ adrenoceptor. Therefore, we examined whether amitraz causes intestinal stasis or bloat through the inhibition of intestinal motility or whether amitraz produces the inhibition of intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$ adrenopceptor. Amitraz inhibited the intestinal motility in a dose-dependent manner in isolated rabbit jejunum and isolated pig ileum. These inhibitory effects of amitraz were blocked by yohimbine but not by prazosin. The effect of intestinal contraction of carbachol or high-potassium was not affected by the pretreatment of amitraz. However, the con-traction of histamine was inhibited by the pretreatment of amitraz. It is concluded that amitraz mainly inhibits the intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor although partially antihistaminic action of amitraz can be involved.

장 평활근의 수축성에 대한 berberine의 효과

신동호,Shin, Dong-ho 대한수의학회 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Berberine $(10^{-7}-10^5M)$ increased the contractility dose-dependently in isolated rabbit ileal and jejunal segments. Atropine and hemicholinium abolished this response but not mecamylamine. Berberine$(10^{-8}-10^5M)$ enhanced the transmurally-stimulated(80 V, 0.5 ms, 0.05 Hz) twitch response in the isolated guinea-pig ileal segments. Atropine and hemicholinium also abolished this response but not mecamylamine. Effect of KCI, carbachol and histamine were not affected by pretreatment with berberine$(10^{-5}M)$. The results of our study suggest that berberine increases the intestinal contractility by increasing a small amount of acetylcholine release from the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve terminal but not by a direct activation of muscarinic receptors.

방사선 조사 마우스에서 분죽(Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf)잎 추출물의 효과

신동호,김종춘,김세라,오헌,박인철,오기석,정희종,장종식,김성호,Shin, Dong-Ho,Kim, Jong-Choon,Kim, Se-Ra,Oh, Heon,Park, In-Chul,Oh, Ki-Seok,Chung, Hee-Jong,Jang, Jong-Sik,Kim, Sung-Ho 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

This study was performed to determine the effect of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf leaf extract on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-radiation. Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf administration before irradiation (I.P.: 125 mg/kg of body weight, at 24 hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.01). The frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis was also reduced by pretreatment of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf (I.P.: 280 mg/kg or 28 mg/kg of body weight, at 24 hours before irradiation, p<0.01). These results indicated that Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf and its components.

Effect of imidazole receptor active agents on porcine myometrial contractility

신동호,나승열,김재하,Shin, Dong-ho,Nah, Seung-youl,Kim, Jae-ha The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

최근 동물의 진통 및 진정을 목적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 imidazole 유도체인 clonidine, medetomidine, etomidate 등의 약물과 xylazine의 효과를 발정정지기의 척출 돼지 자궁근에서 검토하였다. Clonidine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$)이나 medetomidine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$)은 xylazine과 비슷한 정도로 용량의존적인 자궁근의 수축을 일으켰다. Clonidine, medetomidine, xylazine 등의 $EC_{50}$는 각각 24.7nM, 19.9nM, 45.1nM이었다. 그러나 etomidate는 $10^{-6}M$ 미만의 농도에서 반응이 거의 없었으며, $10^{-6}M$ 이상에서 수축반응을 일으켰다. 이들 agonists의 효과는 yohimbine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$), idazoxan($10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-5}M$), tolazoline($10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-5}M$) 등의 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonists에 의해서 차단되었으나, ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptor$ antagonist인 prazosin ($10^{-6}M$)에 의해서는 차단되지 않았다. 또한 $Ca^{2+}-free$ medium이나 verapamil($10^{-5}M$)의 전처치에 의해서 이들 agonist의 효과가 완전히 차단되었다. 결론적으로 발정정지기의 돼지 자궁근에서 clonidine, medetomidine, etomidate, xylazine 등은 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptors$의 흥분을 통해 자궁근의 수축을 일으키며, 이 효과는 voltage-dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channels을 통한 extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ influx의 증가에 의한 것으로 추론하였다.