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타일부착 벽체의 온도변화 및 건조수축에 따른 특성 분석
송일범,이정아,백대현,한민철,한천구 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2008 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.12 No.2
Tile, a finishing material of building, often demonstrates defects such as take-off or separation from subfloor material, however as the causes are not accurately clarified yet, they tend to recur even after repair. Therefore, this research analyzed the behavior characteristics by varied subfloor materials and tile temperatures to clarify the causes of tile separation and take-off phenomena. The results have shown the following causes. In case temperature rises, glazed face expands but shrinks. Also, concrete, a subfloor structure, experiences double amount of dry contraction, and cement mortar triple or quadruple than that of tile. Thus, surface comer area separation phenomenon is conjectured to occur due to separation at surface comer influenced by the expanding force between tiles.
폐식용유를 사용한 고강도 모르터의 자기수축 및 공학적 특성
한민철,송일범,Han, Min-Cheol,Song, Ri-Fan 한국건설순환자원학회 2010 한국건설순환자원학회지 Vol.5 No.1
본 연구에서는 폐식용유에 의한 고강도 모르터의 기초적 및 자기수축 특성을 팽창재, 수축저감제를 사용한 경우와 비교 분석하였는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 유동성은 폐식용유의 경우 Plain에 비해 다소 적게 나타났고, 치환율의 증가에 따라서도 감소하였다. 반면, 수축저감제는 Plain보다 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 팽창재는 치환율의 증가에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 압축강도의 경우 폐식용유 및 수축저감제에서는 상호 유사한 경향을 나타내었는데, 초기 재령에서는 플레인 배합에 비해 다소 작은 값을 나타내었지만, 재령 91일에서는 거의 유사한 강도를 나타내었으며, 팽창재는 전반 재령에서 모두 Plain보다 높은 강도를 나타내었다. 자기수축 특성을 볼때 수축저감제, 폐식용유, 팽창재 순으로 수축저감효과가 양호한 것으로 나타났는데, 특히 폐식용유의 자기수축 저감효과는 수축저감제와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았고, 팽창재에 비해 양호한 것을 알 수 있었다. The objective of this paper is to explore the possibility of reuse of waste vegetable oil (WO) as an autogenous shrinkage reducer for high strength concrete and to compare the amount of autogenous shrinkage of the mortar using existing shrinkage reducing agent(SR) and expansive additives(EA). According to test results, as the dosages of WO increased, flow value exhibited to decrease, while the use of SR increased flow value. For the effect of WO on strength, although the use of SR and WO resulted in a slight decrease in compressive strength at early age, at 91 days they had similar strength level of the plain mixture. For autogenous shrinkage, as expected, the addition of WO, SR and EA resulted in a decrease of autogeneous shrinkage considerably especially, WO had superiority in autogenous shrinkage reducing effect compared with the case of SR and EA.
시멘트 제조과정 중 집진된 미분시멘트 및 CKD를 활용한 체육시설 바닥구축재용 고화재의 개발
한천구,한민철,백대현,송일범 청주대학교 산업과학연구소 2010 産業科學硏究 Vol.27 No.2
The objective of this study is to develop floor structuring materials used in various facilities, such athletics, walks, and bicycle roads. This study applied a mixed composition of average portland cement, fine cement, which is obtained by precipitating fine particles produced in a cement crushing process, and cement kiln dust, which can be obtained by precipitating the fugitive dust generated in raw material crushing and Clinker burning processes. The mixing ratio of these different materials for achieving the optimum mixing were determined by a 15 level with the percentages of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100. As a result, the compressive strength and flextural strength increased according to the increase in the ratio of FC in matrices, but the fluidity decreased. Also, the fluidity and strength decreased according to the increase in the ratio of CKD. However, in a case that considers economical efficiency, it shows excellent results according to the decrease in the ratio of FC and the increase in the ratio of CKD. Therefore, in the results of the general analysis of the fluidity, strength characteristic, and economical efficiency, the optimum mixing ratio of these materials was determined as OPC : FC : CKD = 50 : 25 : 25. It can be seen that this ratio represented the most excellent performance as a stabilizer.
김성은,장은선,기모란,곽금연,김경아,김기애,김도영,김동준,김만우,김연수,김영석,김인희,김창욱,김호동,김형준,박능화,백순구,서정일,송병철,송일한,연종은,이병석,이연재,정영걸,정우진,조성범,조은영,조현진,천갑진,채희복,최대희,최성규,최화영,탁원영,허정,정숙향 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.42
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between HBV and CKD is not clear. This study investigated the association between chronic HBV infection and CKD in a nationwide multicenter study. Methods: A total of 265,086 subjects who underwent health-check examinations in 33 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive cases (n = 10,048), and age- and gender-matched HBsAg negative controls (n = 40,192) were identified. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria as at least grade 2+ of urine protein. Results: HBsAg positive cases showed a significantly higher prevalence of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (3.3%), and proteinuria (18.9%) than that of the controls (2.6%, P < 0.001, and 14.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor associated with GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 along with age, blood levels of albumin, bilirubin, anemia, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Likewise, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor for proteinuria along with age, male, blood levels of bilirubin, protein, albumin, and HbA1c. A subgroup analysis showed that HBsAg positive men but not women had a significantly increased risk for GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 . Conclusion: Chronic HBV infection was significantly associated with a GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria (≥ 2+). Therefore, clinical concern about CKD in chronic HBV infected patients, especially in male, is warranted.